Scribd
Upload
19 views

2.Switching Techniques

Switching Techniques

Uploaded by

Vimal Vijayakumar
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
19 views

2.Switching Techniques

Switching Techniques

Uploaded by

Vimal Vijayakumar
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
You are on page 1/ 2

Switching Techniques

Switching techniques are used for transmitting data across networks.


Different types are :
. Circuit Switching
. Message Switching
. Packet Switching

Circuit Switching

 Circuit switching is the transmission technology that has been used since the first communication
networks in the nineteenth century.
 First the complete physical connection between two computers is established and then the data are
transmitted from the source computer to the destination.
 When a call is placed the switching equipment within the system seeks out a physical copper path all
the way from the sender to the receiver.
 It is must to setup an end-to-end connection between computers before any data can be sent.
 The circuit is terminated when the connection is closed.
 In circuit switching, resources remain allocated during the full length of a communication, after a circuit
is established and until the circuit is terminated and the allocated resources are freed.

Message Switching

 With message switching there is no need to establish a dedicated path between two stations.
 When a station sends a message, the destination address is appended to the message.
 The message is then transmitted through the network, in its entirety, from node to node.
 Each node receives the entire message, stores it in its entirety on disk, and then transmits the message
to the next node. In this the source computer sends data or the message to the switching circuit which
stores the data in its buffer.
 Entire message is sent to the destination. It reaches through different intermediate nodes following the
store and forward approach.
Packet Switching

 Conceived in the 1960's, packet switching is a more recent technology than circuit switching.
 Packet switching introduces the idea of cutting data i.e. at the source entire message is broken in smaller
pieces called packets which are transmitted over a network without any resource being allocated.
 Then each packet is transmitted and each packet may follow any route available and at destination
packets may reach in random order.
 If no data is available at the sender at some point during a communication, then no packet is transmitted
over the network and no resources are wasted.
 At the destination when all packets are received they are merged to form the original message.
 Since packets have a strictly defined maximum length, they can be stored in main memory instead of
disk; therefore access delay and cost are minimized.
 Also the transmission speeds, between nodes, are optimized.

Data channel

The information / data carry from one end to another in the network by channel.

Baud & bits per second (bps)

. It‘s used to measurement for the information carry of a communication channel.

Measurement Units :-
. bit
. 1 Byte= 8 bits
. 1 KBPS ( Kilo Byte Per Second)= 1024 Bytes ,
. 1 Kbps (kilobits Per Second) = 1024 bits,
. 1 Mbps ( Mega bits Per Second )=1024 Kbps

Bandwidth

. It is amount of information transmitted or received per unit time.


. It is measured in Kbps/Mbps etc unit.

You might also like