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Skill Based Worksheet- 2

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34 views

Skill Based Worksheet- 2

Uploaded by

gaurav42172js
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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THE INDIAN HIGH SCHOOL, DUBAI

Skill Based Worksheet -2

UNIT 1 - HOW PAPER IS MADE


Answer the following questions based on the text given below:
1) What is the primary function of the "Digester" in the paper-making process?
a. To remove dirt from the logs
b. To convert chips into pulp by cooking with chemicals
c. To bleach the pulp
d. To press out water from the pulp

2) The "Wire" stage is responsible for:


a. Pressing out water
b. Forming a mat from the pulp fibers as water drains out
c. Adding chemicals to the pulp
d. Heating the pulp to remove water

3) Which of the following best describes the role of "Calendars" in the paper-making process?
a. Removing oversized fibers
b. Pressing the sheet to achieve desired thickness and surface texture
c. Bleaching the pulp
d. Adding starch to the paper

4) What is the percentage of water content in the pulp stock when it leaves the "Head Box"?
a. 90%
b. 95%
c. 99%
d. 50%

5) What is the significance of the size press in the process?


a) To dry the paper sheet completely
b) To press water out of the pulp
c) To add a starch coat to the paper
d) To cut the paper into smaller rolls

6) Why is it important to remove bark and dirt from the logs before they are chipped? What might
happen if this step were skipped?

Bark and dirt can contaminate the pulp and affect the quality of the final paper. It can lead to uneven
paper, discoloration, and reduced strength.

7) Discuss the potential environmental concerns associated with each stage of this paper production
process. How can these concerns be mitigated?

• Logging: Deforestation and habitat loss. Sustainable forestry practices, replanting, and using
recycled materials can mitigate this.
• Chemical use: Water pollution from chemicals used in the process. Wastewater treatment and
recycling of chemicals can reduce pollution.
• Energy consumption: High energy use for heating and drying. Energy-efficient equipment and
renewable energy sources can reduce the impact.
• Air pollution: Emissions from burning fuels. Using cleaner fuels and implementing pollution
control technologies can help.
8) Evaluate the advantages and disadvantages of automating the processes illustrated in the image.
Would full automation increase efficiency and quality?

Full automation can increase efficiency and quality, but careful planning and implementation are
crucial.

9)If logs were not available as raw material, what alternatives could be used in the "Chipper" stage?
Discuss the benefits and challenges of these alternatives.

• Recycled paper: Reduces the need for virgin wood pulp.


• Agricultural residues: Such as straw or bagasse.
• Non-wood fibers: Like bamboo or hemp.

10) Suggest improvements or alternative methods to the "Bleach Tower" to make the paper production
process more environmentally friendly.

• Elemental chlorine-free (ECF) bleaching: Using less harmful chemicals like chlorine dioxide.
• Total chlorine-free (TCF) bleaching: Using oxygen and hydrogen peroxide, which are more
environmentally friendly.
• Enzymatic bleaching: Using enzymes to break down lignin, reducing the need for harsh chemicals.
• Biopulping: Using microorganisms to break down wood fibers, reducing energy consumption and
chemical use.

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