CH 6 System of particle and rotation motion (C.

W)

6.1 Introduction
1.
6.2 Centre of mass
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3. Give the location of the centre of mass of a (i) sphere, (ii) cylinder, (iii) ring, and (iv) cube, each of uniform mass
density. Does the centre of mass of a body necessarily lie inside the body?
6.3 Motion of centre of mass
4. A child sits stationary at one end of a long trolley moving uniformly with a speed V on a smooth horizontal floor. If the
child gets up and runs about on the trolley in any manner, what is the speed of the CM of the (trolley + child) system ?
6.4 Linear momentum of a system of particles
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6.
6.5 Vector product of two vectors
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8. Show that the area of the triangle contained between the vectors a⃗ and b⃗ . is one half of the magnitude of a⃗ × b⃗ .
9. Show that a⃗ .(b⃗ × c⃗ ) is equal in magnitude to the volume of the parallelepiped formed on the three vectors , a⃗ ,b⃗ and c⃗
.
6.6 Angular velocity and its relation with linear velocity
10.
6.7 Torque and angular momentum
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12. Example 6.6 Show that the angular momentum about any point of a single particle moving with constant velocity
remains constant throughout the motion.
13. Find the components along the x, y, z axes of the angular momentum l of a particle, whose position vector is r with
components x, y, z and momentum is p with components px , py and pz. Show that if the particle moves only in the x-y
plane the angular momentum has only a z-component.
14. Two particles, each of mass m and speed v, travel in opposite directions along parallel lines separated by a distance d.
Show that the angular momentum vector of the two particle system is the same whatever be the point about which
the angular momentum is taken.
6.8 Equilibrium of a rigid body
15. From a uniform disk of radius R, a circular hole of radius R/2 is cut out. The centre of the hole is at R/2 from the centre
of the original disc. Locate the centre of gravity of the resulting flat body.
16. Show that moment of a couple does not depend on the point about which you take the moments.
17. A metal bar 70 cm long and 4.00 kg in mass supported on two knife edges placed 10 cm from each end. A 6.00 kg load
is suspended at 30 cm from one end. Find the reactions at the knife-edges. (Assume the bar to be of uniform cross
section and homogeneous.)
18. Example 6.9 A 3m long ladder weighing 20 kg leans on a frictionless wall. Its feet rest on the floor 1 m from the wall as
shown in Fig.6.27. Find the reaction forces of the wall and the floor.
19. A non-uniform bar of weight W is suspended at rest by two strings of negligible weight as shown in Fig.6.33. The
angles made by the strings with the vertical are 36.9° and 53.1° respectively. The bar is 2 m long. Calculate the
distance d of the centre of gravity of the bar from its left end.
20. A car weighs 1800 kg. The distance between its front and back axles is 1.8 m. Its centre of gravity is 1.05 m behind the
front axle. Determine the force exerted by the level ground on each front wheel and each back wheel.
21. A metre stick is balanced on a knife edge at its centre. When two coins, each of mass 5 g are put one on top of the
other at the 12.0 cm mark, the stick is found to be balanced at 45.0 cm. What is the mass of the metre stick?
6.9 Moment of inertia
22. Torques of equal magnitude are applied to a hollow cylinder and a solid sphere, both having the same mass and
radius. The cylinder is free to rotate about its standard axis of symmetry, and the sphere is free to rotate about an axis
passing through its centre. Which of the two will acquire a greater angular speed after a given time.
6.10 Kinematics of rotational motion about a fixed axis
23. Obtain kinematic Eq. for rotation motion from first principles
24. Example 6.11 The angular speed of a motor wheel is increased from 1200 rpm to 3120 rpm in 16 seconds. (i) What is
its angular acceleration, assuming the acceleration to be uniform? (ii) How many revolutions does the engine make
during this time?
6.11 Dynamics of rotational motion about a fixed axis
25. Example 6.12 A cord of negligible mass is wound round the rim of a fly wheel of mass 20 kg and radius 20 cm. A steady
pull of 25 N is applied on the cord as shown in Fig. 6.31. The flywheel is mounted on a horizontal axle with frictionless
bearings. (a) Compute the angular acceleration of the wheel. (b) Find the work done by the pull, when 2m of the cord
is unwound. (c) Find also the kinetic energy of the wheel at this point. Assume that the wheel starts from rest. (d)
Compare answers to parts (b) and (c)
26. A rope of negligible mass is wound round a hollow cylinder of mass 3 kg and radius 40 cm. What is the angular
acceleration of the cylinder if the rope is pulled with a force of 30 N ? What is the linear acceleration of the rope ?
Assume that there is no slipping.
6.12 Angular momentum in case of rotations about a fixed axis
27. A solid cylinder of mass 20 kg rotates about its axis with angular speed 100 rad s-1. The radius of the cylinder is 0.25 m.
What is the kinetic energy associated with the rotation of the cylinder? What is the magnitude of angular momentum
of the cylinder about its axis?
28. A solid cylinder of mass 20 kg rotates about its axis with angular speed 100 rad s-1. The radius of the cylinder is 0.25 m.
What is the kinetic energy associated with the rotation of the cylinder? What is the magnitude of angular momentum
of the cylinder about its axis?
29. (a) A child stands at the centre of a turntable with his two arms outstretched. The turntable is set rotating with an
angular speed of 40 rev/min. How much is the angular speed of the child if he folds his hands back and thereby
reduces his moment of inertia to 2/5 times the initial value ? Assume that the turntable rotates without friction. (b)
Show that the child’s new kinetic energy of rotation is more than the initial kinetic energy of rotation. How do you
account for this increase in kinetic energy?
30. To maintain a rotor at a uniform angular speed of 200 rad s-1, an engine needs to transmit a torque of 180 N m. What
is the power required by the engine? (Note: uniform angular velocity in the absence of friction implies zero torque. In
practice, applied torque is needed to counter frictional torque). Assume that the engine is 100% efficient.
31. The oxygen molecule has a mass of 5.30 × 10-26 kg and a moment of inertia of 1.94 ×10-46 kg m2 about an axis through
its centre perpendicular to the lines joining the two atoms. Suppose the mean speed of such a molecule in a gas is 500
m/s and that its kinetic energy of rotation is two thirds of its kinetic energy of translation. Find the average angular
velocity of the molecule.