Daily MCQs Compilation with Explanations | September 2024

INDIAN POLITY & CONSTITUTION

1. Which among the following are the key functions performed by the Supreme court of India?
1. Judicial Review
2. Constitutional Interpretation
3. Advisory Jurisdiction
4. Original Jurisdiction
Select the correct answer using the code given below:
(a) 1 and 2 only (b) 1, 2 and 4 only
(c) 1 and 3 only (d) 1, 2, 3 and 4
2. With reference to the Law Commission of India, which of the following statements is/are
correct?
1. The first Law Commission was established during colonial rule by the East India Company
under the Charter Act of 1833.
2. The first law commission in independent India was established in 1950.
Select the correct answer using the code given below:
(a) 1 only (b) 2 only
(c) Both 1 and 2 (d) Neither 1 nor 2
3. With reference to the Law Commission of India, which of the following statements is/are
correct?
1. It is a constitutional body under Article 280 of the Constitution of India.
2. The recommendations of the Commission are binding on the Government.
Select the correct answer using the code given below:
(a) 1 only (b) 2 only
(c) Both 1 and 2 (d) Neither 1 nor 2
4. With reference to the Public Accounts Committee, which of the following statements is/are
correct?
1. The committee was set up first in 1937 under the provisions of the Government of India Act
of 1935.
2. The function of the committee is to examine the annual audit reports of the Comptroller
and Auditor General of India (CAG).
Select the correct answer using the code given below:
(a) 1 only (b) 2 only
(c) Both 1 and 2 (d) Neither 1 nor 2
5. Consider the following statements regarding collegium system:
1. The provisions related to the collegium system are mentioned in Article 217 of the Indian
Constitution.

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Daily MCQs Compilation with Explanations | September 2024

2. The Supreme Court collegium is headed by the Chief Justice of India.

3. Government can not seek clarification on the collegium’s choice of selected judge.
Which of the statements given above is/are correct?
(a) 1 and 2 only (b) 2 only
(c) 2 and 3 only (d) 3 only
6. In which of the following Indian states, the Inner Line Permit (ILP) regime is not applicable?
(a) Arunachal Pradesh (b) Manipur
(c) Tripura (d) Nagaland
7. Under which Article of the Indian Constitution did the Supreme Court recognize the right to die
with dignity?
(a) Article 14 (b) Article 19
(c) Article 21 (d) Article 32
8. With reference to the ‘Central Bureau of Investigation (CBI)’, consider the following statements:
1. It was established by the Special Police Establishment (SPE) of 1946.
2. It is the nodal police agency in India that coordinates investigations on behalf of Interpol
member countries.
3. CBI can suo-moto take up investigation of offences only in the Union Territories.
How many of the statements given above are correct?
(a) Only one (b) Only two
(c) All three (d) None
9. The members of Lokpal are appointed by the recommendation of a selection committee.
Which among the following are part of the committee?
1. Prime Minister of India
2. Leader of Opposition in Lok Sabha
3. Chief Justice of India
4. Speaker of Lok Sabha
Select the correct answer using the code given below:
(a) 1, 2 and 3 only (b) 1 and 3 only
(c) 2, 3 and 4 only (d) 1, 2, 3 and 4
10. Which of the following statements about Contempt of Court in India is/are correct?
1. Civil contempt refers to the willful disobedience of a court order or breach of an undertaking
given to a court.
2. Criminal contempt includes any act that scandalizes the court or lowers its authority.
3. The punishment for contempt of court can only include imprisonment and cannot involve
a fine.
Select the correct answer using the code given below:
(a) 1 and 2 only (b) 1 and 3 only
(c) 2 and 3 only (d) 1, 2, and 3
11. Which among the following constitutional provisions provide safeguards to Scheduled Castes
and Tribes in India?
1. Article 17
2. Article 338
3. Article 46

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Daily MCQs Compilation with Explanations | September 2024

Select the correct answer using the code given below:

(a) 1 and 2 only (b) 2 and 3 only
(c) 1 and 3 only (d) 1, 2 and 3
12. Which among the following has become the latest state to withdraw general consent to the
Central Bureau of Investigation (CBI)?
(a) Tamil Nadu (b) Karnataka
(c) West Bengal (d) Meghalaya

EXPLANATIONS
1. (d)
Key Functions of the Supreme Court of India:
• Judicial Review: It reviews the constitutionality of laws and executive actions. If a law or action
is found to violate the Constitution, the Court can strike it down.
• Original Jurisdiction: It has the authority to hear certain types of cases directly, including
disputes between states or between the central government and states. This is called original
jurisdiction.
• Appellate Jurisdiction: It hears appeals from lower courts and tribunals. This includes civil,
criminal, and constitutional matters.
ƒ The Supreme Court can overturn or modify decisions made by lower courts.
• Constitutional Interpretation: It interprets the provisions of the Constitution.
ƒ This function is crucial for clarifying the meaning and application of constitutional principles.
• Protection of Fundamental Rights: It ensures the protection of fundamental rights guaranteed
by the Constitution.
• Advisory Jurisdiction: The President of India can seek the Court’s opinion on legal or
constitutional questions.
ƒ While the Court’s advice is not binding, it is highly influential.
• Judicial Administration: It oversees the functioning of lower courts and provides guidelines for
their operation. It also plays a role in the appointment and transfer of judges.
• Public Interest Litigation (PIL): The Court entertains PILs, allowing individuals or groups to seek
judicial redress for issues affecting the public at large.
2. (b)
Context
• President Droupadi Murmu has sanctioned the constitution of the 23rd Law Commission of
India, which will serve from September 1, 2024, to August 31, 2027.
Origin of Law Commission of India
• Pre- independence: The first Law Commission was established during colonial rule in India by
the East India Company under the Charter Act of 1833 and was presided over by Lord Macaulay.
ƒ After that, three more commissions were established in pre-independent India.
• Post-independence: The first law commission in independent India was established in 1955,
with its chairman M.C.Setalvad.
3. (d)
Law Commission of India
• Law Commission of India is a non-statutory body.

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Daily MCQs Compilation with Explanations | September 2024

• It is constituted by a notification of the Government of India, Ministry of Law & Justice,

Department of Legal Affairs.
• It is constituted with definite terms of reference to carry out research in the field of law.
• The Commission makes recommendations to the Government in the form of Reports as per its
terms of reference.
ƒ However these recommendations are not binding on the Government.
4. (b)
Context
• The Public Accounts Committee (PAC) will hold a performance review of “regulatory bodies
established by Act of Parliament”, such as the Securities and Exchange Board of India (SEBI).
Public Accounts Committee
• The committee was set up first in 1921 under the provisions of the Government of India Act
of 1919.
• It consists of 22 members, 15 from the Lok Sabha and 7 from the Rajya Sabha.
• The members are elected by the Parliament every year from amongst its members according to
the principle of proportional representation by means of the single transferable vote.
• A minister cannot be elected as a member of the committee. The term of office of the members
is one year.
• The function of the committee is to examine the annual audit reports of the Comptroller and
Auditor General of India (CAG), which are laid before the Parliament by the President. The
reports are;
ƒ Audit report on appropriation accounts,
ƒ Audit report on finance accounts and
ƒ Audit report on public undertakings.
• In addition, the Committee can also select one or more suo motu subjects for in-depth
examination during the year.
5. (b)
Collegium System
• It is the system of appointment and transfer of judges that has evolved through judgments
of the Supreme Court, and not by an Act of Parliament or by a provision of the Constitution.
Hence statement 1 is incorrect.
• The Supreme Court collegium is headed by the Chief Justice of India and comprises four other
senior-most judges of the court. Hence statement 2 is correct.
• A High Court collegium is led by its Chief Justice and four other senior-most judges of that
court.
• Names recommended for appointment by a High Court collegium reaches the government only
after approval by the CJI and the Supreme Court collegium.
• Judges of the higher judiciary are appointed only through the collegium system, and the
government has a role only after names have been decided by the collegium.
Role of Government in Judicial Appointment
• The government’s role is limited.
• However, it can raise objections and seek clarifications regarding the collegium’s choices.
Hence statement 3 is not correct.

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Daily MCQs Compilation with Explanations | September 2024

• But if the collegium reiterates the same names, the government is bound, under Constitution
Bench judgments, to appoint them as judges.
6. (c)
Context: Nagaland to implement inner line permit in three more districts.
Inner Line Permit (ILP)
• It is an official travel document issued by the Government of India to allow inward travel of an
Indian citizen into a protected area for a limited period.
• It is obligatory for Indian citizens from outside those states to obtain a permit for entering into
the protected state.
• The states which require the ILP are: Manipur, Arunachal Pradesh, Nagaland and Mizoram.
7. (c)
Context
• The debate around the ethics and law that defines passive euthanasia was reignited after
the Supreme Court dismissed the plea in Harish Rana’s case, who has been in a permanent
vegetative state since 2013.
Status of Euthanasia in India
• In 2011, the Supreme Court for the first time recognised the legality of passive euthanasia in
the case of Aruna Ramchandra Shanbaug v Union of India.
• In 2018, the Supreme Court recognised the legality of ‘passive euthanasia’ for terminally-ill
patients, holding that the ‘right to die with dignity’ forms a part of the right to life under Article
21 of the Constitution of India.
8. (b)
In News: Recently, the Supreme Court of India has invoked the expression ‘Caged Parrot’ for the
Central Bureau of Investigation (CBI) in a case over the alleged liquor policy ‘scam’ in Delhi.
Statement 1 is not correct
• The Central Bureau of Investigation (CBI) traces its roots back to the Special Police Establishment
(SPE), established in 1941 during World War II to investigate bribery and corruption cases.
• It was formally established on the recommendations of the Santhanam Committee and set up
by a resolution of the Ministry of Home Affairs in 1963.
Statement 2 is correct
• CBI functions under the Ministry of Personnel, Public Grievances and Pensions of the central
government, and is exempted from the purview of the Right to Information (RTI) Act.
• It is also the nodal police agency in India that coordinates investigations on behalf of Interpol
member countries.
Statement 3 is correct
• Section 6 of the DPSE Act authorises the central government to direct CBI to probe a case
within the jurisdiction of any state on the recommendation of the concerned state government.
• The courts can also order a CBI probe, and even monitor the progress of investigation.
• CBI can suo-moto take up investigation of offences only in the Union Territories.
9. (d)
Structure of Lokpal
• The institution of Lokpal is a statutory body established by the Lokpal Act 2013.

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Daily MCQs Compilation with Explanations | September 2024

• Members: Lokpal is a multi member body, made up of one chairperson and maximum of 8
members.
ƒ Half members will be judicial members and should be either a former Judge of the Supreme
Court or a former Chief Justice of a High Court.
ƒ The non-judicial member should be an eminent person with impeccable integrity and
outstanding ability.
ƒ Minimum fifty per cent of the Members will be from SC / ST / OBC / Minorities and women.
• Selection committee: The members are appointed by the president on the recommendation of
a selection committee, composed of:
ƒ The Prime Minister who is the Chairperson;
ƒ Speaker of Lok Sabha,
ƒ Leader of Opposition in Lok Sabha,
ƒ Chief Justice of India or a Judge nominated by him / her, and One eminent jurist.
10. (b)
Statement 1 is correct: Civil contempt involves willful disobedience of a court order or a breach
of an undertaking to the court.
Statement 2 is correct: Criminal contempt refers to any act that scandalizes the court, prejudices
judicial proceedings, or interferes with the administration of justice.
Statement 3 is not correct: The punishment for contempt of court can include both imprisonment
and/or a fine, as specified under the Contempt of Courts Act, 1971.
11. (d)
Article 15: Prohibits discrimination on grounds of religion, race, caste, sex, or place of birth.
• Article 17: Abolishes “untouchability” and forbids its practice in any form.
• Article 46: Promotes the educational and economic interests of SCs and STs and protects them
from social injustice.
• Article 338: Establishes the National Commission for Scheduled Castes to investigate and
monitor the implementation of safeguards for SCs.
• Article 339: Empowers the President to intervene in the administration of Scheduled Areas and
Scheduled Tribes for their welfare.
12. (b)
Context
• The Karnataka government has withdrawn general consent for the Central Bureau of Investigation
(CBI) to investigate cases in the state, citing misuse of power and lack of communication.
About
• With this, Karnataka has joined the list of states (such as Punjab, West Bengal, Tamil Nadu and
Meghalaya) in withdrawing general consent for the CBI in recent years.
What is general consent to the CBI?
• The CBI is governed by the Delhi Special Police Establishment (DSPE) Act, 1946, which mandates
that the agency must obtain the consent of the state government concerned before beginning
to investigate a crime in a state.
• Further, the state government’s consent can be either case-specific or general.
• Giving general consent would lead to the seamless investigation of corruption cases against
central government employees in their states. This is consent by default, in the absence of
which the CBI would have to apply to the state government in every case, and before taking
even small actions.

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