Advance Computer Networking(03606382) Enrollment.

no:210339616031

PRACTICAL-5
AIM: Bus, Star , Mesh, Ring and Hybrid topology using cisco packet
tracer.
Solution:
Network topology is the geometric representation of the relationship of all the links
connecting the devices or nodes. Network topology represents in two ways one is
physical topology that defines the way in which a network is physically laid out and
another one is logical topology that defines how data actually flows through the
network. In this paper we have discussed how to design bus, star and mesh topology
networks and provide interfacing and simulation between end points using packet tracer
software.

Cisco Packet Tracer is multi-tasking network simulation software to perform and

analyze various network activities such as implementation of different topologies, select
optimum path based on various routing algorithms, create DNS and DHCP server,
subnetting, analyze various network configuration and troubleshooting commands. In
order to start communication between end user devices and to design a network, we
need to select appropriate networking devices like routers, switches, hubs and make
physical Connection by connecting cables to serial and fast Ethernet ports from the
component list of packet tracer. Networking devices are costly so it is better to perform
first on packet tracer to understand the concept and behavior of networking.

PIET-DS(CE) Page | 1
Advance Computer Networking(03606382) Enrollment.no:210339616031

DESIGNING OF TOPOLOGY
1)BUS TOPOLOGY

In the local area network, a single network cable runs in the building or campus and all
nodes are connected along with this communication line with two endpoints called the
bus or backbone. In other words, it is a multipoint data communication circuit that
easily controls data flow between the computers because this configuration allows all
stations to receive every transmission over the network.

For bus topology we build a network using three generic PCs which are serially
connected with three switches using copper straight through cable and switches are
interconnected using copper crossover cable.

Design of Bus topology

PIET-DS(CE) Page | 2
Advance Computer Networking(03606382) Enrollment.no:210339616031

Configuration of Bus topology

To configure the IP address of an interface, we configure all PC one by one click on pc,
open DESKTOP window, fill IP Address, Fill subnet mask and default gateway. After
that, simulate the network using simulation.

2)STAR TOPOLOGY

In star topology, all the cables run from the computers to a central location where they
are all connected by a device called a hub. It is a concentrated network, where the
endpoints are directly reachable from a central location when the network is expanded.
Ethernet 10 base T is a popular network based on the star topology. For star topology
we build a network using five generic PCs which are centrally connected to single
switch 2950-24 using copper straight through cable.

PIET-DS(CE) Page | 3
Advance Computer Networking(03606382) Enrollment.no:210339616031

Configuration of Star Topology:

To configure the IP address of an interface, we configure all PC one by one click on pc,
open DESKTOP window, fill IP Address, fill subnet mask and default gateway. After
that, simulate the network using simulation.

PIET-DS(CE) Page | 4
Advance Computer Networking(03606382) Enrollment.no:210339616031

3)MESH TOPOLOGY

In mesh topology every device has a dedicated point to point link to every other device.
The term dedicated stand for link carries traffic only between two devices it connects. It
is a well-connected topology; in this every node has a connection to every other node in
the network. The cable requirements are high and it can include multiple topologies.
Failure in one of the computers does not cause the network to break down, as they have
alternative paths to other computers' star topology, all the cables run from the computers
to a central location.

Configuration of Mesh Topology

To configure the IP address of an interface, we configure all routers one by one. Click
on router, open config window, fill IP Address of serial port which are connected to
router, fill subnet mask, set clock rate and port status is ON. After that, simulate the
network using simulation mode.

PIET-DS(CE) Page | 5
Advance Computer Networking(03606382) Enrollment.no:210339616031

4) RING TOPOLOGY:-
Step 1: First, open the cisco packet tracer desktop and select the devices given below:
IP Addressing Table
Devic
S.NO e IPv4 Address Subnet Mask

1. pc0 192.168.0.1 255.255.255.0

2. pc1 192.168.0.2 255.255.255.0

3. pc2 192.168.0.3 255.255.255.0

4. pc3 192.168.0.4 255.255.255.0

 Then, create a network topology as shown below the image.

 Use an Automatic connecting cable to connect the devices with others.

Step 2: Configure the PCs (hosts) with IPv4 address and Subnet Mask according to the
IP addressing table given above.

PIET-DS(CE) Page | 6
Advance Computer Networking(03606382) Enrollment.no:210339616031

 To assign an IP address in PC0, click on PC0.

 Then, go to desktop and then IP configuration and there you will IPv4 configuration.
 Fill IPv4 address and subnet mask.

 Assigning IP address using the ipconfig command, or we can also assign an IP

address with the help of a command.
 Go to the command terminal of the PC.
 Then, type ipconfig <IPv4 address><subnet mask><default gateway>(if needed)
Example: ipconfig 192.168.0.1 255.255.255.0

PIET-DS(CE) Page | 7
Advance Computer Networking(03606382) Enrollment.no:210339616031

 Repeat the same procedure with other PCs to configure them thoroughly.
Step 3: Verify the connection by pinging the IP address of any host in PC0.
 Use the ping command to verify the connection.
 As we can see we are getting replies from a targeted node on both PCs.
 Hence the connection is verified.

PIET-DS(CE) Page | 8
Advance Computer Networking(03606382) Enrollment.no:210339616031

 A simulation of the experiment is given below we have sent two PDU packets one
targeted from PC0 to PC2 and another targeted from PC1 to PC3.

PIET-DS(CE) Page | 9
Advance Computer Networking(03606382) Enrollment.no:210339616031

5)HYBRID TOPOLOGY:-
Step 1: First, open the cisco packet tracer desktop and select the devices given below:
S.N
O Device Model Name

1. PC PC

2. Switch PT-Switch

IP Addressing Table:
Devic
S.NO e IPv4 Address Subnet Mask

1. pc0 192.168.0.1 255.255.255.0

2. pc1 192.168.0.2 255.255.255.0

PIET-DS(CE) Page | 10
Advance Computer Networking(03606382) Enrollment.no:210339616031

Devic
S.NO e IPv4 Address Subnet Mask

3. pc2 192.168.0.3 255.255.255.0

4. pc3 192.168.0.4 255.255.255.0

5. pc4 192.168.0.5 255.255.255.0

6. pc5 192.168.0.6 255.255.255.0

7. pc6 192.168.0.7 255.255.255.0

8. pc7 192.168.0.8 255.255.255.0

9. pc8 192.168.0.9 255.255.255.0

 Then, create a network topology as shown below the image (Bus, ring, and star
topology).
 Use an Automatic connecting cable to connect the devices with others.

Step 2: Configure the PCs (hosts) with IPv4 address and Subnet Mask according to the
IP addressing table given above.
 To assign an IP address in PC0, click on PC0.
 Then, go to desktop and IP configuration and there you will find IPv4 configuration.
 Add IPv4 address and subnet mask.

PIET-DS(CE) Page | 11
Advance Computer Networking(03606382) Enrollment.no:210339616031

Assigning IP address using the ipconfig command.

 We can also assign an IP address with the help of a command.
 Go to the command terminal of the PC.
 Now type ipconfig <IPv4 address><subnet mask><default gateway>(if needed)
example: ipconfig 192.168.0.1 255.255.255.0

PIET-DS(CE) Page | 12
Advance Computer Networking(03606382) Enrollment.no:210339616031

 Repeat the same procedure with other PCs to configure them thoroughly.
Step 3: Verify the connection by pinging the IP address of any host in PC0.
 Use the ping command to verify the connection.
 We will check, if we are getting any replies or not.
 As we can see here getting replies from a targeted node on both PCs. Hence the
connection is verified.

PIET-DS(CE) Page | 13
Advance Computer Networking(03606382) Enrollment.no:210339616031

 A simulation of the experiment is given below we have sent two PDU packets one
targeted from PC0 to PC4 and another targeted from PC3 to PC8.

PIET-DS(CE) Page | 14
Advance Computer Networking(03606382) Enrollment.no:210339616031

OUTPUT:

PIET-DS(CE) Page | 15