Ice & Rain Protection
Ice & Rain Protection
02-30-05 GENERAL
Introduction
Anti-icing protection sources
Anti-ice system location overview
02-30-10 DESCRIPTION
Pneumatic anti-icing
Electrical anti-icing
INTRODUCTION
The ice-protection system is intended to permit safe flight into and through intermittent or
continuous maximum icing conditions.
The F900EX EASy uses pneumatic and electrical power for its anti-icing and rain protection
system.
An anti-fogging and demisting system is also provided for the cabin and flight deck windows.
Two electrically operated windshield wipers are also provided.
BUS A1
BUS A2
Engine 1,2,3 and APU bleed air
BUS B1
BUS B2
The pneumatic system, using hot bleed air from the engines, protects the following structural
parts and equipment:
- inboard / outboard slats,
- the fixed leading edge sections on the inboard side of each wing panel,
- engines air intake,
- engine No 2 S-duct,
- brakes (optional),
- ECU heat exchanger ram-air inlet.
HP air is used for anti-ice protection of engine air intake lips.
The electrical anti-ice system protects the following probes, parts and equipment:
- LH and RH pitot pressure probes,
- LH and RH static pressure probes,
- Total Air Temperature (TAT) probe,
- Angle Of Attack (AOA) sensors,
- stand-by pitot pressure probe,
- Pt2 Tt2 sensors (one per engine),
- cockpit windshields and windows,
- water drains.
PNEUMATIC ANTI-ICING
INTRODUCTION
Each engine is fitted with LP and HP bleed air ports located respectively at the LP
compressor final stage and HP compressor outlets.
The LP and HP air is extracted from the engines through main and auxiliary ports.
The main LP bleed ports permanently supply air to the interconnection manifold, named the
distribution line to which the main system are connected.
When the LP air pressure is not high enough to achieve correct anti-icing or defogging, HP
air, extracted through the main HP bleed ports, is injected into the LP bleed air through an
electric valve. The Bleed Air System Computer (BASC) controls the electric valve opening
and closing.
Ice protection of engine air intakes is provided by HP air extracted from the corresponding
engine through the auxiliary HP bleed air port.
An isolation electric valve (crossbleed valve) can split the distribution assembly into two
independent circuits.
DISTRIBUTION
The pneumatic system relies on LP and HP bleed air drawn from the three engines.
Anti-icing is provided by circulation of LP hot air bled from the last stage of each engine LP
compressor. The HP engine bleed air valve located on each engine air bleed regulates the
hot air system.
A minimum N1 depending on altitude and True Air Temperature (TAT) is necessary to
ensure proper anti-icing.
When the feeder isolation (crossbleed) valve is closed:
- No 2 engine is the only anti-icing supply source for the S-duct,
- No 1 and No 3 engines are the only anti-icing supply source for wings.
The air intake anti-ice systems of all three engines are fully independent. They are supplied
with dedicated HP bleed air from the corresponding engine.
The HP valve modulates the supply of HP bleed air to maintain a constant pressure in the
anti-icing line and limits that pressure.
The No 1 engine anti-ice system also provides anti-icing for heat exchanger air intake
(engine 1 pylon).
No 2 ENGINE S-DUCT
Normally, the air supply for the S-duct anti-icing is an HP / LP mix from the bleed-air
manifold interconnecting all three engines. However, if the ISOLATION switch on the
BLEED AIR panel is closed (stripe vertical), the No 2 engine continues to supply air directly
to the bleed air manifold, providing for S-duct anti-icing and cabin air conditioning operation,
while engines 1 and 3 supply bleed air for wing anti-icing and cockpit air conditioning.
Engine No 2 S-duct
WINGS
Downstream from anti-icing valve, the hot air system is divided into two lines:
- one for RH wing,
- one for LH wing.
On each wing, the line first supplies the fixed leading edge sections and after the inboard
and the outboard slat box structures, through two telescopic tubes.
Wings anti-ice protection is mainly ensured by bleed air supplied by No 1 and No 3 engines.
The No 2 engine bleed air supply is also available, unless the isolation (crossbleed) valve is
closed.
The Bleed Air Supply Computer controls and monitors the wings and No 2 engine S-duct
anti-ice systems.
In AUTO position, the Bleed Air Supply Computer (BASC) controls HP bleed valves to
provide correct air pressure in the RH bleed air manifold.
BRAKES (option)
On each wing line, a pick off in front of the main gear well supplies hot air for the brake unit
heating.
Air picked off the cockpit air conditioning system helps to remove mist from:
- front windshield panel,
- pilot panel,
- copilot panel,
- LH opening window,
- LH and RH side windows.
ELECTRICAL ANTI-ICING
DISTRIBUTION
The cockpit windows are electrically heated by a network of heating elements incorporated
into the transparent panes.
The electrical anti-icing system of the windshields is composed of two identical circuits:
- one pilot circuit,
- one copilot circuit,
The pilot and copilot panes are fitted with dual heat regulating sensors, one active and one
in stand-by.
The heating temperature is automatically regulated between 25°C (77°F) and 30°C (86°F).
Copilot windshield
LH opening window
RH lateral window
PROBES
The pitot pressure probes, static pressure probe, AOA sensors and Outside Air Temperature
probe are heated by resistors controlled by switches.
Resistors controlled by the PITOT NORMAL pushbutton heat the following probes and
sensors:
- LH and RH pitot pressure probes,
- LH and RH static pressure probes,
- LH and RH Angle Of Attack sensors,
- Outside Air Temperature probe.
Resistors controlled by the PITOT ST-BY pushbutton heats the stand-by pitot pressure
probe.
Drain masts of the water system (one for the forward galley, one for the rear wash basin) are
electrically anti-iced.
The water drain hoses between rear mast and pressurized area include an electrical resistor
which surrounds end fittings.
The drain masts and the heating elements of the lines are supplied from the DRAINS HEAT
circuit breakers.
Drain mast
Drain mast
WIPERS
Pilot and copilot windshield panes are both equipped with a wiper arm powered by an
electrical motor-converter and designed to keep the field of view clear during taxi, take-off,
approach and landing phases when raining or snowing.
When the wipers are not used, they are stowed in a recess located at the bottom of each
windshield.
Each wiper is powered and controlled independently of the other by a pushbutton on the LH
and RH side of the overhead panel.
Maximum speed for wipers operation is 215 kt.
CONTROL
OVERHEAD PANEL
AUTOMATIC SETTINGS
At airplane power on, the overhead panel configuration is: PILOT, COPIL., NORMAL and
ST-BY controls in OFF mode.
These controls are automatically set to NORMAL mode when:
- one throttle lever is in take off position, one engine is on and with WOW signal,
- without WOW signal.
They are automatically set to OFF mode when Flight / WOW transition occurs and
IAS < 60 kt.
Pt2-Tt2 probe
The Pt2-Tt2 probes, located in each engine air intake, provide information about the
airflow to the DEEC. Their heating is effective when the anti-ice ENG control is set to ON.
The drain masts and the heating elements of the lines are automatically activated as
soon as the airplane is electrically powered.
SYNTHETIC TABLE
TO ACTIVATE
CONTROL FUNCTION SYNOPTIC
TO DEACTIVATE
Engine No 2 S-duct is
anti-iced by bleed air
from LH bleed air
manifold. Off
Push Off
pushbutton
commands
In AUTO mode, the anti-ice
BASC opens the S-duct valve
anti-ice valve and closing
controls HP valves to
Off
provide the correct air
pressure in the RH
bleed air manifold
TO ACTIVATE
CONTROL FUNCTION SYNOPTIC
TO DEACTIVATE
status light
Push On
overrides
the system
Push On:
When in AUTO mode: system in
status light - the BASC opens the regulation
wings anti-ice valve when
and controls HP valves AUTO is
to provide air pressure selected
in the RH bleed air
manifold
TO ACTIVATE
CONTROL FUNCTION SYNOPTIC
TO DEACTIVATE
status light
Push On
Forces HP1 and HP3 overrides
valves to full open the system
(thus providing the
maximum bleed air
heating power)
Push Off
returns to Override mode
AUTO
mode
pushbutton
Option:
- controls the power
supply to the brake Push ON
status light heating system
- landing gear and
brakes are anti-iced
by the same duct
used for wings anti-
icing (RH bleed air
manifold)
- the brake anti-ice Push Off
pushbutton selection is effective
only when wings is
set to AUTO or
O’RIDE modes
TO ACTIVATE
CONTROL FUNCTION SYNOPTIC
TO DEACTIVATE
- MAX
- automatic
status light
- OFF
PILOT in automatic mode:
the following windshield
panes heating circuits are
supplied:
- LH half of front
MAX mode
windshield pane
- pilot windshield pane
pushbutton - LH opening window No synoptic
- RH side window
status light
COPIL in automatic mode:
the following windshield
panes heating circuits are
supplied:
- RH half of front
windshield pane
- copilot windshield pane
- LH rear window Push
OFF
- RH rear window
PILOT / COPIL in MAX
position: the
corresponding windshield
heating power is increased
and the related half front
pane heating power is
reduced
TO ACTIVATE
CONTROL FUNCTION SYNOPTIC
TO DEACTIVATE
pushbutton
Automatic
mode
Overrides pitot, static and
AOA heat automatic No synoptic
function
Push OFF
status light
pushbutton
Automatic
mode
Push Off
status light
TO ACTIVATE
CONTROL FUNCTION SYNOPTIC
TO DEACTIVATE
status light
Off mode
INDICATION
NOTE
The brake anti-ice symbol is only displayed when the option is installed.
CROSSFEED VALVE
No 2 ENGINE S-DUCT
Engine anti-ice activated with Engine anti-ice activated with Engine anti-ice command
low pressure overpressure OFF with residual pressure
Engine anti-ice command O'RIDE Engine anti-ice command O'RIDE with failure
WING ANTI-ICE
Wing anti-ice command Wing anti-ice command Wing anti-ice command OFF
AUTO and low pressure AUTO and overpressure with residual pressure
Wing anti-ice command O'RIDE Engine anti-ice command O'RIDE with failure
INTRODUCTION
The circuit protection is provided by conventional trip-free circuit breakers located above the
overhead panel.
CIRCUIT BREAKERS
INTRODUCTION
Icing conditions exist when the OAT on the ground and for take-off, or TAT in flight is 10°C or
below, and visible moisture in any form is present (such as clouds, fog with visibility of one
mile or less, rain, snow, sleet or ice crystals).
Icing conditions also exist when the OAT on the ground and for take-off is 10°C or below
when operating on ramps, taxiways or runways where surface snow, ice, standing water, or
slush may be ingested by the engines or freeze on engines, nacelles or engine sensor
probes.
IN-FLIGHT SITUATION
In the following, typical in-flight situations have been selected to help the crew to understand
the symbols provided in the various panels and displays.
In this case, pitot, static, AOA and water waste are the only anti-iced systems.
In this case, PITOT, STATIC, AOA, water waste, engines and wings are anti-iced.
INTRODUCTION
In the following, abnormal operation has been selected to help the crew to understand the
symbols provided in the various panels and displays.
ABNORMAL STATUS
CONTEXT RESULT
ACTION RESULT
CAS MESSAGES