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TQ7

The document contains questions about mining engineering topics such as fire assaying, slag properties, ball mill operation, and screening processes. It includes multiple choice questions with explanations related to calculating recovery rates, throughput rates, and efficiencies for various mining operations.

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TQ7

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QT 7

MINING ENGINEERING III

JUNE 10, 2015

1. The desired product of fusion in fire assaying.

A. Dore - A semi-pure alloy of gold and silver, typically produced as the output of the smelting process in mining.
B. Slag - A glass-like byproduct formed during the smelting or refining of ores, containing impurities separated from the desired metal.
C. Precious metals - Valuable metallic elements such as gold, silver, and platinum, often extracted from ores through processes like fire assaying.
D. Lead Button - A small bead of lead containing precious metals obtained after the fusion of ore samples in fire assaying, which is then further
processed to extract the desired metals.

https://pubs.usgs.gov/bul/1445/report.pdf
https://www.911metallurgist.com/blog/fire-assay

2. The weight of metallic lead that will be produced from excess litharge by 1 gram of ore or any assaying reagent.
A. Reducing power - The ability of a substance to donate electrons and reduce another substance during a chemical reaction, often used in
metallurgical processes to convert metal oxides to metallic form.
B. Assay power - The capacity of a substance to accurately determine the quantity or quality of a particular component in a sample, crucial in
analytical techniques such as assaying for determining the presence and concentration of metals in ores.
C. Oxidizing power - The capability of a substance to accept electrons and oxidize another substance during a chemical reaction, commonly utilized
in processes like fire assaying to oxidize impurities and facilitate the separation of metals from ores.
D. Fluxing power - The effectiveness of a flux material in promoting the fusion and separation of metal-bearing materials during metallurgical
processes such as smelting or refining, aiding in the removal of impurities and facilitating the formation of desired metal products.

https://pubs.usgs.gov/bul/1445/report.pdf
https://www.911metallurgist.com/blog/fire-assay

3. Commonly desired weight of lead button.

a. 32 grams b. 24 grams c. 26 grams d. 28 grams

https://pubs.usgs.gov/bul/1445/report.pdf
https://www.911metallurgist.com/blog/fire-assay

4. The weight of metallic lead that will be converted to PbO by 1 gram of ore or any assaying reagent.
A. Fluxing power - The effectiveness of a substance in promoting the fusion and separation of metal-bearing materials during metallurgical
processes, aiding in the removal of impurities and facilitating the formation of desired metal products.
B. Oxidizing power - The capability of a substance to accept electrons and oxidize another substance during a chemical reaction, commonly utilized
in processes like fire assaying to oxidize impurities and facilitate the separation of metals from ores.
C. Assaying power - The capacity of a substance to accurately determine the quantity or quality of a particular component in a sample, crucial in
analytical techniques such as assaying for determining the presence and concentration of metals in ores.
D. Reducing power - The ability of a substance to donate electrons and reduce another substance during a chemical reaction, often used in
metallurgical processes to convert metal oxides to metallic form.

5. FeO, MnO, and CaO are slag forming constituents of ores and gangue materials
A. Neutral - Neither acidic nor basic.
B. Acidic - Increases acidity.
C. Basic - Increases basicity.
D. Reducing - Donates electrons to reduce substances.

https://pubs.usgs.gov/bul/1445/report.pdf
https://www.911metallurgist.com/blog/fire-assay

6. The viscosity of silicates with the percentage of silica above that needed for mono-silicate.
A. Is not affected - The viscosity remains unchanged.
B. Increases - The viscosity rises.
C. Decreases - The viscosity declines.
D. Indeterminate - Cannot determine the effect on viscosity.

https://pubs.usgs.gov/bul/1445/report.pdf
https://www.911metallurgist.com/blog/fire-assay

7. Based on a short ton, 1 assay ton is equivalent to grams.

a.29.166 b. 32.666 c. 26.619 d. 26.366
8. The silicate degree is the ratio of in the acid to the base components of the slag.
A. Silica - Silicon dioxide (SiO2), a common component of silicate minerals and slag.
B. Silicon - A chemical element (Si) commonly found in silicate minerals and slag.
C. CaO - Calcium oxide, a base component of slag.
D. Oxygen - A component of silicate minerals and slag, but not specifically related to the silicate degree.

9. It is a Sub-silicate
a. 2MO.3Si02 b. 4MO.3SiO2 c. 4MO.SiO2 d. 2MO.SiO2
10. It is a sesqui-silicate.
a. 2MO.3Si02 b. 4MO.3SiO2 c. 4MO.SiO2 d. 2MO.SiO2
11. Determine the percentage solids by volume of a slurry with 45% solids and 2.7 solids S.G.
a. 26.3% b. 23.6% c.25.2% d. 22.5%

https://www.911metallurgist.com/blog/percent-solids-to-specific-gravity-conversion-of-slurry

12. Find the volume of 1.5 MT of Slurry that is 40% solids by weight with 2.7 solids S.G.
a.1.5 cubic meter b. 1.8 cubic meter c. 1.1 cubic meter d. 2.1 cubic meter

https://www.911metallurgist.com/blog/percent-solids-to-specific-gravity-conversion-of-slurry

13. What is the percent recovery in a concentration operation where the values in heads =0.31%, products=28.5% and waste = 0.053%
a. 81.3% b. 81.8% c. 88.1% d. 83.1%
https://www.researchgate.net/post/How_is_percent_recovery_calculated
14. The inside diameter (liner to liner) of a ball mill is 16.84 feet and is operating at 75% of the critical speed.
Determine the rpm of the mill.
a. 12 rpm b. 14 rpm c. 16 rpm d. 18 rpm

https://www.911metallurgist.com/blog/ball-mill-critical-speed

15. A ball mill in close circuit with a hydroclone to fed at a rate of 300 DMT per hour. The percentages of solids by weight of the cyclone feed, overflow,
and underflow are 60%, 40% and 75% respectively. Determine the circulating load ratio.
a. 2.3 b. 2.0 c. 3.0 d. 3.5
https://www.911metallurgist.com/blog/circulating_load_calculation_formula

16. In problem no. 15, determine the tonnage of cyclone underflow.

a. 650 DMTPH b. 700 DMTPH c. 750 DMTPH d. 800 DMTPH
https://www.911metallurgist.com/blog/wp-content/uploads/2015/10/SIZING-AND-SELECTION-OF-HYDROCYCLONES.pdf

17. In problem no. 15, determine the total tonnage passing through the mill.
a. 1000 DMTPH b. 1050 DMTPH c. 1100 DMTPH d. 1150 DMTPH

https://www.fao.org/3/X5738E/x5738e0j.html

18. The coarse fraction (oversize) in an industrial screening operation was sampled, tested in laboratory and found
to still contain 12% of the fines (undersize). Determine the screen efficiency.
a. 80% b. 82% c. 84% d. 88%

https://www.911metallurgist.com/crushing/screen-efficency/

19. 100 DMTPH of material is being processed in an industrial screening operation with undersize tonnage at 71.2
DMTPH. Laboratory screening test indicated that the feed is 80% passing the screen size. Find the screen efficiency.
a. 89% b. 92% c. 87% d. 85%

https://www.911metallurgist.com/crushing/screen-efficency/

20. A certain concentrator is processing 0.30% copper ore at 42.000 DMTPD producing copper concentrate and
tailings assaying 28.5% Cu and 0.05% Cu respectively. Determine the DMT copper produced per day.
a. 100 DMTPD b. 105.2 DMTPD c. 110.3 DMTPD d. 115.6 DMTPD
21. In problem 20, find the concentrate produced per day.
a. 369 DMTPD b. 375 DMTPD c. 360 DMTPD d. 355 DMTPD
22. Method of representing and analyzing three dimensional relations between planes and lines on a two dimensional diagram

A. Orthographic - Represents 3D objects in 2D using orthogonal projections.

B. Stereonet - Analyzes 3D relations between planes and lines on a 2D diagram in structural geology.
C. Hemispherical - Relates to a half-sphere shape.
D. Plane projection - Projects 3D objects onto a 2D plane.

https://www.vocabulary.com/dictionary/orthographic#:~:text=Other%20forms%3A%20orthographically,%2C%20and%20graphos%2C%20meaning
%20writing.
https://taskfronterra.com/glossary/stereonets/
https://www.oxfordlearnersdictionaries.com/us/definition/english/hemispherical
https://www.mcgill.ca/engineeringdesign/step-step-design-process/basics-graphics-communication/projections-and-views

23. Deposits that are formed simultaneously with the host rock.
A. Epigenetic - Deposits formed after the formation of the host rock, typically through secondary processes.
B. Syngenetic - Deposits formed simultaneously with the host rock during its formation.
C. Metamorphic - Rocks formed through the alteration of pre-existing rocks due to heat, pressure, or chemical processes.
D. Pneumatolytic - Deposits formed through the action of volatile-rich fluids, typically associated with magmatic activity.

https://www.geokniga.org/bookfiles/geokniga-dictionaryofgeologyandmineralogy.pdf
https://www.mindat.org

24. It is the formation of planes of separation in the rock material.

A. Schistosity - The parallel arrangement of mineral grains or structural features within a rock, resulting in a planar fabric.
B. Bedding plane - A horizontal plane separating successive layers of sedimentary rock, representing the boundary between different depositional
episodes.
C. Fracture - A break or crack in the rock material, often forming planes of weakness along which movement or displacement may occur.
D. Filling - The process of filling voids or fractures in rock with mineral deposits or other materials, often leading to the formation of ore bodies or
mineralized zones.

https://alvathea.files.wordpress.com/2009/01/general-dictionary-of-geology.pdf

25. It used to determine the mineral amenability to, processing and the approximate recovery and to develop preliminary flowsheet for treatment.
A. Analytical determination - Quantitative analysis of mineral properties.
B. Metallurgical testing - Experimentation to assess ore processing feasibility.
C. Assaying - Analysis to determine mineral composition and quality.
D. Chemical testing - Laboratory assessment of ore chemical properties.

https://pubs.usgs.gov/bul/1445/report.pdf
https://www.cedengineering.com/userfiles/Basic%20Principles%20of%20Metallurgy%20and%20Metalworking%20R1.pdf

26. Grooves, channels, slats or wire screens in a sluice box or rocker to catch hold and other valuable minerals.
A. Riffle - Grooves or channels in a sluice box or rocker used to trap valuable minerals during the mining process.
B. Whittle - To carve or cut small pieces from wood or other material; not directly related to mining.
C. Sluice - A channel or trough designed to carry flowing water, used in placer mining to separate gold or other valuable minerals from sediment.
D. Gape - The width of an opening, typically referring to the distance between the jaws of an animal or the opening of a mine shaft; not directly
related to mining.
https://pdfcoffee.com/introductory-mining-engineering-2nd-edition-by-hartman-9-pdf-free.html
https://www.mindat.org

27. In which part of gossan would you find the highest concentration of iron?
A. Leached zone - Iron concentrations depleted due to leaching processes.
B. Supergene enrichment - Surface weathering leads to higher iron concentrations.
C. Primary mineralization - Original mineral occurrence with variable iron content.
D. Alteration zone - Rock changes may affect iron concentrations, not specifically in the gossan.

https://www.geokniga.org/bookfiles/geokniga-lindgren1933mineraldeposits.pdf

28. It is a type of copper deposit that is closely related with submarine volcanism and is characterized by massive,
graded cross bedding or cross bedding ore texture?
A. Porphyry Cu deposit - Large, low-grade deposits formed by hydrothermal fluids associated with igneous intrusions, often characterized by
disseminated mineralization rather than massive ore bodies.
B. Bushveld complex - A large layered intrusion in South Africa known for its platinum group element and chromium deposits, not specifically
associated with copper.
C. Kuroko type deposit - Submarine volcanogenic massive sulfide deposits characterized by massive, graded cross bedding or cross bedding ore
textures, typically rich in base metals like copper, lead, and zinc.
D. Transvaal system - A geological formation in South Africa containing various mineral deposits, but not specifically associated with massive,
graded cross bedding or cross bedding ore textures.

https://www.geokniga.org/bookfiles/geokniga-lindgren1933mineraldeposits.pdf

29. With knowledge that the ore deposit being explored is a massive base metal, what type of samples would be
Preferred?
A. Channel samples - Cross-sectional samples cut across rock faces.
B. Grab samples - Small, quick samples from specific locations.
C. Chip samples - Samples from linear rock chippings.
D. Random samples - Unplanned, potentially biased samples.

https://pdfcoffee.com/introductory-mining-engineering-2nd-edition-by-hartman-9-pdf-free.html
https://www.cedengineering.com/userfiles/Basic%20Principles%20of%20Metallurgy%20and%20Metalworking%20R1.pdf
https://www.geokniga.org/bookfiles/geokniga-lindgren1933mineraldeposits.pdf

30. It is an interaction between the rock and the rising hydrothermal fluid. It is characterized by the change in color,
mineralization, hardness, and composition of the rock.
A. Metasomatism - Alteration of rock by hydrothermal fluids, leading to changes in color, mineralization, hardness, and composition.
B. Paragenesis - The sequence of mineral formation in a rock or mineral deposit.
C. Wall rock alteration - Changes in surrounding rock due to proximity to mineralization or hydrothermal activity.
D. Hydration - The process of water molecules being incorporated into mineral structures, typically leading to changes in physical properties.

31. They form during the regional or contact metamorphism and a variety of metasomatic processes involving fluid
of magmatic. metamorphic, meteoric, and/or marine origin.
A. Magnesium nodules - Concretions of magnesium-rich minerals found in sedimentary rocks, not typically associated with metamorphism or
metasomatic processes.
B. Hydrothermal veins - Mineral deposits formed from fluids that migrate through fractures in rocks, often associated with metamorphism and
metasomatism.
C. Stratiform deposits - Horizontal layers of mineral deposits formed through sedimentary or volcanic processes, not necessarily related to
metamorphism.
D. Skarns - Metamorphic rocks resulting from the interaction of hydrothermal fluids with carbonate-rich rocks, often associated with contact
metamorphism and metasomatic processes.

32. In what tectonic setting did the Philippines form?

A. Island arc - Formed in subduction zones, associated with volcanic activity and mineralization.
B. Hot spots - Areas of volcanic activity caused by mantle plumes, not typically forming tectonic settings.
C. Mid oceanic ridge - Underwater mountain ranges where new oceanic crust is formed, not related to island chains.
D. Continental arc - Volcanic arcs formed along continental margins, associated with subduction zones and mineral deposits.

33. Which of these rocks has the highest amount of quartz?

A. Granite - Rich in quartz, commonly associated with mineral deposits.
B. Diorite - Contains quartz but in smaller amounts, typically intrusive.
C. Basalt - Minimal quartz content, common in oceanic crust.
D. Syenite - Contains some quartz, primarily alkali feldspar, intrusive.

34. It is the geometric arrangement of crystals.

Cleavage - The tendency of a mineral to break along planes of weak bonding, affecting its fracture pattern.
Twinning - Occurs when two or more crystals share a common lattice structure, resulting in characteristic intergrowth patterns.
Fabric - The geometric arrangement or orientation of minerals within a rock, influencing its strength, permeability, and other properties.
Parting - Similar to cleavage but occurs along planes of structural weakness unrelated to mineral composition.
https://www.geokniga.org/bookfiles/geokniga-dictionaryofgeologyandmineralogy.pdf
https://alvathea.files.wordpress.com/2009/01/general-dictionary-of-geology.pdf
https://www3.nd.edu/~cneal/PlanetEarth/Chapt-11a-Rock-Mechanics.pdf

35. What is the distinguishing property between acidic and basic rocks?
A. pH level - Measure of the acidity or alkalinity of a substance, not typically used to distinguish between acidic and basic rocks.
B. Alumina content - Represents the amount of aluminum oxide present in a rock, important for identifying certain mineral compositions but not
directly related to acidity or basicity.
C. Silica content - Primary distinguishing property between acidic and basic rocks, with acidic rocks having lower silica content and basic rocks
having higher silica content.
D. Iron content - Can vary in both acidic and basic rocks, not consistently indicative of their classification as acidic or basic.
https://www.911metallurgist.com/blog/fire-assay
https://www.cedengineering.com/userfiles/Basic%20Principles%20of%20Metallurgy%20and%20Metalworking%20R1.pdf
https://alvathea.files.wordpress.com/2009/01/general-dictionary-of-geology.pdf

36. Which does not belong to the discontinuous series of Bowen's Reaction Series?
A. Biotite - Belongs to Bowen's Discontinuous Series.
B. Olivine - Belongs to Bowen's Discontinuous Series.
C. Amphibole - Belongs to Bowen's Discontinuous Series.
D. Plagioclase - Belongs to Bowen's Continuous Series.

https://alvathea.files.wordpress.com/2009/01/general-dictionary-of-geology.pdf
https://www.geokniga.org/bookfiles/geokniga-dictionaryofgeologyandmineralogy.pdf

37. Which is not a wall rock alteration?

A. Argillic - Wall rock alteration characterized by the presence of clay minerals, typically formed under low-temperature, acidic conditions.
B. Potassic - Wall rock alteration involving the introduction of potassium-rich minerals, often associated with hydrothermal alteration related to
magmatic intrusions.
C. Propylitic - Wall rock alteration characterized by the formation of chlorite, epidote, and other secondary minerals, indicative of low-grade
hydrothermal alteration.
D. Calcic - Not typically considered a distinct type of wall rock alteration; rather, it refers to alterations involving calcium-bearing minerals.

https://www.geokniga.org/bookfiles/geokniga-lindgren1933mineraldeposits.pdf
https://alvathea.files.wordpress.com/2009/01/general-dictionary-of-geology.pdf

38. The most stable mineral at the surface of the earth

A. Calcite - A common mineral found in limestone and marble, susceptible to weathering and dissolution in acidic conditions.
B. Feldspar - A group of rock-forming minerals, prone to alteration and weathering into clay minerals under surface conditions.
C. Quartz - Highly resistant to weathering and erosion, often found in sedimentary deposits and resistant rocks like quartzite.
D. Plagioclase - A group of feldspar minerals, susceptible to alteration into clay minerals and dissolution under surface conditions.

https://alvathea.files.wordpress.com/2009/01/general-dictionary-of-geology.pdf
https://www.geokniga.org/bookfiles/geokniga-dictionaryofgeologyandmineralogy.pdf

39. Which sedimentary environment will you classify alluvial fans?

A. Fluvial - Relating to rivers and streams, where alluvial fans originate from the deposition of sediment carried by flowing water.
B. Lacustrine - Pertaining to lakes, not typically associated with the formation of alluvial fans.
C. Transitional - Environments that are transitional between terrestrial and marine, not typically associated with the formation of alluvial fans.
D. Aeolian - Relating to wind, not typically associated with the formation of alluvial fans.

40. Aspect, appearance, and the characteristic of a rock unit usually reflecting the conditions of its origin
A. Wall rock alteration - Changes in the surrounding rocks due to contact with mineralizing fluids or heat from an igneous intrusion.
B. Paragenic origin - Originating from the same source or event, typically used to describe minerals formed together.
C. Stability field - Range of conditions under which a mineral remains stable, often related to pressure and temperature.
D. Facies - The physical characteristics of a rock unit, reflecting the conditions of its deposition or formation.

41. A rock that resulted in the replacement of magnesium of one of the calcium ion in a carbonate rock?
A. Dolomite - A carbonate mineral composed of calcium magnesium carbonate, formed through the replacement of calcium ions in limestone or
dolostone by magnesium ions.
B. Aragonite - A carbonate mineral, less common than calcite, with the same chemical composition but different crystal structure.
C. Siderite - A carbonate mineral, iron carbonate, often forming concretions in sedimentary rocks.
D. Anhydrite - A sulfate mineral, calcium sulfate, formed in evaporite deposits or as a result of gypsum dehydration.

42. Also known as expandable clay.

A. Illite - Non-expanding clay mineral.
B. Montmorillonite - Swelling clay mineral.
C. Kaolinite - Common clay mineral.
D. Smectite - Expanding clay mineral.

44. Powerful basic flux and by far the cheapest one available. It melts at 852 degrees centigrade. It is often charged equal to the weight of the ore sample.
A. Sodium carbonate - Cheap flux used in assaying, melting at 852°C.
B. Silica - Inert material commonly found in ores and fluxes.
C. Alumina - Compound used as a fluxing agent in some metallurgical processes.
D. Potassium sulfate - Compound not commonly used as a flux in mining and metallurgy.

https://www.cedengineering.com/userfiles/Basic%20Principles%20of%20Metallurgy%20and%20Metalworking%20R1.pdf
https://pubs.usgs.gov/bul/1445/report.pdf
https://www.911metallurgist.com/blog/fire-assay

45. A fusible compound of earthy or metallic oxides and silica and other acid constituents.
A. Matte - Sulphide compound formed in smelting processes, containing multiple metals.
B. Slag - Waste material produced during metal smelting that separates from the molten metal.
C. Flux - Substance added to ores during smelting to facilitate the melting process and remove impurities.
D. Litharge - Lead oxide used in the assay process to collect precious metals.

https://www.cedengineering.com/userfiles/Basic%20Principles%20of%20Metallurgy%20and%20Metalworking%20R1.pdf
https://pubs.usgs.gov/bul/1445/report.pdf
https://www.911metallurgist.com/blog/fire-assay

46. Fusion is carried out at ____ temperature.

a. 1500 – 2000oC b. 800 – 1500oC c. 1200 – 1500oC d. 1000 – 1200oC

https://www.cedengineering.com/userfiles/Basic%20Principles%20of%20Metallurgy%20and%20Metalworking%20R1.pdf
https://pubs.usgs.gov/bul/1445/report.pdf
https://www.911metallurgist.com/blog/fire-assay

47. An artificial sulphide of ore or more of the metals most often encountered in the niter fusion of sulphide ore when the charge is too acidic.
A. Matte - Sulphide compound formed in smelting processes, containing multiple metals.
B. Slag - Waste material produced during metal smelting that separates from the molten metal.
C. Flux - Substance added to ores during smelting to facilitate the melting process and remove impurities.
D. Litharge - Lead oxide used in the assay process to collect precious metals.

https://www.cedengineering.com/userfiles/Basic%20Principles%20of%20Metallurgy%20and%20Metalworking%20R1.pdf
https://pubs.usgs.gov/bul/1445/report.pdf
https://www.911metallurgist.com/blog/fire-assay

48. Something that converts compounds infusible at a certain temperature into others which melts at this temperature.
A. Litharge - Lead oxide used in the assay process to collect precious metals.
B. Modifier - Substance added to alter the properties of a material or process.
C. Flux - Substance added to ores during smelting to facilitate the melting process and remove impurities.
D. Reducing agent - Compound that causes a reduction reaction, leading to the loss of oxygen atoms from a substance.

https://www.cedengineering.com/userfiles/Basic%20Principles%20of%20Metallurgy%20and%20Metalworking%20R1.pdf
https://pubs.usgs.gov/bul/1445/report.pdf
https://www.911metallurgist.com/blog/fire-assay

49. Cupellation temperature ranges from ______.

a.900-1200°C b. 850-1000°C c. 1000-1500°C b. 800 – 1200oC
50. The best ratio of silver to gold in dore bead is the optimum range of _____ Ag:Au.
a. 1:1-1.5:1 b. 2:3-3:5 c. 3:1-5:2 d. 2:1 – 3:1
51. This acid causes spattering during dilution with hot liquid.
A. Hydrochloric acid - Strong acid commonly used for pickling and cleaning metals.
B. Nitric acid - Strong acid used in various chemical processes, including the dissolution of metals.
C. Sulfuric acid - Strong acid extensively used in mining for leaching ores and other applications due to its corrosive properties.
D. all of these

https://www.cedengineering.com/userfiles/Basic%20Principles%20of%20Metallurgy%20and%20Metalworking%20R1.pdf
https://pubs.usgs.gov/bul/1445/report.pdf
https://www.911metallurgist.com/blog/fire-assay

52. The sample for fire assaying is crushed and pulverized to attain at least ____ mesh.
a. -100 b. -400 c. -200 d. -80
https://www.cedengineering.com/userfiles/Basic%20Principles%20of%20Metallurgy%20and%20Metalworking%20R1.pdf
https://pubs.usgs.gov/bul/1445/report.pdf
https://www.911metallurgist.com/blog/fire-assay

53. The ratio of silver gold in the dore that causes gold to break up.
a. 6:1 b. 3:1 c. 5:1 d. 7:1
https://www.cedengineering.com/userfiles/Basic%20Principles%20of%20Metallurgy%20and%20Metalworking%20R1.pdf
https://pubs.usgs.gov/bul/1445/report.pdf
https://www.911metallurgist.com/blog/fire-assay

54. A crystal habit resembling a bunch of grapes.

A. Oolitic - Rock texture characterized by the presence of spherical grains called ooids, resembling fish eggs.
B. Pegmatitic - Coarse-grained igneous rock texture found in pegmatites, often containing large crystals.
C. Botryoidal - Crystal habit where mineral masses resemble clusters of grapes or rounded, globular shapes.
D. none of these
https://www.geokniga.org/bookfiles/geokniga-dictionaryofgeologyandmineralogy.pdf
https://alvathea.files.wordpress.com/2009/01/general-dictionary-of-geology.pdf

35. Property of minerals to break along planes of structural weakness

A. Joints - Natural fractures in rocks.
B. Cleavage - Minerals breaking along planes.
C. Fracture - Minerals breaking irregularly.
D. Foliation - Planar arrangement in rocks.

56. A type of luminescence in which the mineral becomes luminous upon crushing. scratching, or rubbing.
A. Triboluminescence - Mineral glowing when scratched or crushed.
B. Fluorescence - Mineral emitting light when exposed to ultraviolet radiation.
C. Pyroluminescence - Mineral glowing due to exposure to heat.
D. none of these

57. Selenite is a crystalline variety of the mineral _____.

A. Calcite - Common mineral found in limestone and marble.
B. Gypsum - Mineral used in making plaster and drywall.
C. Anhydrite - Mineral closely related to gypsum but without water content.
D. Aragonite - Form of calcium carbonate, a polymorph of calcite.

https://alvathea.files.wordpress.com/2009/01/general-dictionary-of-geology.pdf
https://www.geokniga.org/bookfiles/geokniga-dictionaryofgeologyandmineralogy.pdf

58. Alabaster is a ______.

A. Crystalline gypsum - Gypsum with well-defined crystal structure.
B. Fibrous gypsum - Gypsum with a fibrous texture.
C. Massive gypsum - Gypsum occurring in massive, non-crystalline form.
D. Glassy gypsum - Gypsum with a glassy appearance, possibly due to its transparency or luster.

https://alvathea.files.wordpress.com/2009/01/general-dictionary-of-geology.pdf
https://www.geokniga.org/bookfiles/geokniga-dictionaryofgeologyandmineralogy.pdf

59. A mineral occurring as an aggregate of rounded pellets is _____.

A. Magnetic - Exhibiting magnetic properties.
B. Botryoidal - Having a surface covered with rounded, grape-like shapes.
C. Oolitic - Composed of small, rounded grains resembling fish eggs.
D. Foliated - Exhibiting a layered or banded structure.

60. The tendency of a mineral to break in well-defined directions is called ______.

A. Foliation - The arrangement of minerals in layers or bands.
B. Joints - Natural fractures or cracks in rocks along which there has been no significant movement.
C. Cleavage - The tendency of a mineral to break along flat surfaces.
D. Fracture - The way a mineral breaks other than along cleavage planes.

61. Ions or group of ions which produce characteristic colors in minerals are called
A. Chromites - Minerals containing chromium.
B. Chromophores - Ions or groups of ions responsible for producing characteristic colors in minerals.
C. Chromium - A metallic element often found in minerals as chromophores.
D. Chromate - A compound containing the chromate ion, which is not directly related to the characteristic colors of minerals.

62. Minerals whose color vary greatly due to the presence of pigments, impurities and inclusions are referred to as
A. Idiochromatic - Minerals that derive their color from their essential chemical composition.
B. vidiochromatic
C. Allochromatic - Minerals whose color varies due to impurities or inclusions.
D. hypochromatic

https://www.geokniga.org/bookfiles/geokniga-dictionaryofgeologyandmineralogy.pdf
https://alvathea.files.wordpress.com/2009/01/general-dictionary-of-geology.pdf
63. Pseudomorphism may take place through any of the following processes except for.
A. Substitution - Replacement of one mineral or element by another without changing the crystal structure.
B. Alteration - Change in mineral composition or structure due to chemical or physical processes.
C. Deformation - Change in shape or structure of a mineral or rock due to stress or pressure.
D. Encrustation - Formation of a crust or coating on the surface of a mineral or rock.

64. Quart we used in digital watches. This could be attributed to its property called _____.
A. Triboluminescence - Emitting light when subjected to mechanical action such as crushing or rubbing.
B. Pyroelectricity - Generating an electric charge in response to temperature changes.
C. Piezoelectricity - Producing an electric charge in response to mechanical stress or pressure.
D. Fluorescence - Emitting light when exposed to ultraviolet or other forms of electromagnetic radiation.

65. The following mineral properties are dependent on external light source except for.
A. Chatoyancy - Cat's eye effect in certain minerals.
B. Asterism - Star-shaped pattern in minerals under light.
C. Luster - Appearance of light reflection on mineral surface.
D. Luminescence - Mineral emitting light when stimulated.

66. Also known as mantle sequence

A. Skarn - Metamorphic rock formed at the contact between magma and carbonate rocks.
B. Mid oceanic ridge basalts - Basaltic rocks formed at divergent plate boundaries on the ocean floor.
C. Ophiolites - Sections of oceanic lithosphere uplifted onto continental crust.
D. Bouma sequence - Sedimentary sequence found in turbidite deposits, indicating different stages of sediment deposition.

67. The following are varieties of corundum except for

A. Emerald - A green variety of beryl.
B. Ruby - A red variety of corundum.
C. Sapphire - A blue variety of corundum.
D. Emery - A dark granular rock used as an abrasive.

68. The following minerals belong to the pyroxene group except for.
A. Diopside - A calcium magnesium silicate mineral belonging to the pyroxene group.
B. Enstatite - A magnesium silicate mineral belonging to the pyroxene group.
C. Hedenbergite - A calcium iron silicate mineral belonging to the pyroxene group.
D. Fluorite - A mineral composed of calcium fluoride, not belonging to the pyroxene group.

69. Quantitative determination in which metal or metals are separated from impurities by fusion processes and
weighed in order to determine the metal content.
A. Metallurgical testing - Evaluating metal behavior.
B. Fire assaying - Metal content determination via fusion.
C. Pyrometallurgical test - High-temp metal extraction.
D. AAS - Metal concentration measurement via light absorption.

https://pubs.usgs.gov/bul/1445/report.pdf
https://www.cedengineering.com/userfiles/Basic%20Principles%20of%20Metallurgy%20and%20Metalworking%20R1.pdf
https://www.911metallurgist.com/blog/fire-assay

70. Numerous occurrence of porphyry - type mineralization that have been identified at which province?
A. Zambales Deposit - Occurrence of porphyry-type mineralization.
B. Sipatay, Negros Deposit - Presence of porphyry-type mineralization.
C. Marinduque Deposit - Identified porphyry-type mineralization.
D. all of these

https://www.britannica.com/place/Philippines/Resources-and-power#:~:text=Most%20of%20the%20country's%20metallic,occur%20in%20several%20other
%20locations.

71. Nickel ores characterized by high iron content (40-50%), and relatively low nickel (0.5-15%). cobalt (0.05-2%).
magnesia (<5S%), and silica (<10%).
A. Limonite - A hydrated ferric oxide mineral, typically yellow-brown to dark brown, occurring in earthy masses or ocherous aggregates.
B. Saprolite - A clay-rich, weathered rock formation formed by in situ weathering of bedrock, often soft and crumbly, found in tropical regions.
C. Garnierite - A green nickel ore mineral, primarily nickel magnesium silicate, found in weathered ultramafic rocks, valued for its nickel content.
D. none of these
https://alvathea.files.wordpress.com/2009/01/general-dictionary-of-geology.pdf
https://www.geokniga.org/bookfiles/geokniga-dictionaryofgeologyandmineralogy.pdf
https://pdfcoffee.com/introductory-mining-engineering-2nd-edition-by-hartman-9-pdf-free.html
72. What province can you find the biggest single deposit of refractory chromite in the Philippines?
a. Batangas b. Ilocos c. Baguio d. Zambales

https://pdf.usaid.gov/pdf_docs/PNAAN123.pdf

73. One of the largest producer of nickel in the country located in Palawan.
a. Berong Nickel Mining Corp c. Carascal Nickel Corporation
b. Rio Tuba Nickel Mining Corp d. Citinickel Corporation

https://www.mining-technology.com/marketdata/ten-largest-nickels-mines/#:~:text=Owned%20by%20Nickel%20Asia%2C%20the%20Rio%20Tuba
%20Mine%20is%20a,tonnes%20of%20nickel%20in%202022.

74, The world's largest refractory chromite mine in Coto, Zambales is better described as
A. coliform - A type of bacteria.
B. oolitic - Composed of ooids, spherical grains.
C. podiform - Refers to chromite deposits occurring as pods or lenses in the serpentine rocks.
D. acidic - Having a pH less than 7, indicating acidity.

75. Movement along faults that has no rotation of the block related to each other.
A. rotational movement - Movement along faults involving rotation of the blocks relative to each other.
B. bilateral movement - Movement along faults involving movement of blocks in opposite directions.
C. transgressional - Movement along faults resulting in the overriding of one block over the other.
D. translational movement - Movement along faults involving lateral displacement of blocks without rotation.

76. The vertical component of dip separation.

A. throw - The vertical component of displacement along a fault or fracture.
B. heave - The horizontal or lateral displacement of material caused by geological forces.
C. slip - The relative movement of rock on either side of a fault plane.
D. limb - One of the sides of a fold or geological structure.

https://www.geokniga.org/bookfiles/geokniga-lindgren1933mineraldeposits.pdf
https://www.geokniga.org/bookfiles/geokniga-dictionaryofgeologyandmineralogy.pdf
https://pdfcoffee.com/introductory-mining-engineering-2nd-edition-by-hartman-9-pdf-free.html

77. A lava that has a smooth, billowy surface.

A. Aa lava - A type of lava with a rough, blocky surface due to its high viscosity and slow flow.
B. pahoehoe lava - A type of lava with a smooth, ropy surface formed by low-viscosity, fast-flowing lava.
C. acidic lava - Lava with high silica content that tends to be thick and viscous, leading to explosive eruptions.
D. basic lava - Lava with low silica content that is more fluid and produces gentler, non-explosive eruptions.

78. Circular or arcuate faults that bound a circular area or a part of circular area.
A. isoclinal fault - A fault where the two sides move parallel to each other, resulting in a shearing effect.
B. translational faults - Faults where the movement is predominantly horizontal, resulting in lateral displacement of rock units.
C. peripheral faults - Faults that form around the edges of a circular or arcuate area, often bounding the perimeter.
D. normal faults - Faults where the hanging wall moves down relative to the footwall, typically associated with extensional tectonic settings.

79. A continental crust with a thickness of 30-80 km.

A. sialatic crust - The upper layer of the Earth's continental crust, composed primarily of granite and rich in silica and aluminum.
B. magmatic crust - The part of the Earth's crust formed by the solidification of magma, often found at mid-ocean ridges.
C. basaltic crust - The crust formed predominantly of basalt, typically found in oceanic regions and characterized by higher density.
D. acidic crust - A term sometimes used to refer to the continental crust, particularly its granitic composition and higher silica content.

80. Fumaroles play an important role in the formation of _______ minerals.

A. oolitic - Minerals that occur in the form of small, rounded grains resembling fish eggs, formed by the accretion of concentric layers of material
around a nucleus.
B. pneumatolytic - Minerals formed by the action of gases, especially those from volcanic fumaroles, on pre-existing rocks or minerals.
C. porphyritic - Minerals characterized by large crystals (phenocrysts) embedded in a finer-grained matrix, indicating two stages of cooling in
igneous rocks.
D. sulfuric - Minerals formed as a result of the oxidation and alteration of sulfide minerals in hydrothermal environments, often associated with
volcanic activity.

https://www.geokniga.org/bookfiles/geokniga-lindgren1933mineraldeposits.pdf
https://alvathea.files.wordpress.com/2009/01/general-dictionary-of-geology.pdf
https://www.geokniga.org/bookfiles/geokniga-dictionaryofgeologyandmineralogy.pdf
81. A surface of erosion or non-deposition that separates younger strata from older rocks.
A. nonconformity - A type of unconformity where younger sedimentary rocks overlay older metamorphic or igneous rocks.
B. paraconformity - An unconformity characterized by a relatively minor break in sedimentation, often difficult to distinguish.
C. unconformity - A surface of erosion or non-deposition that separates younger strata from older rocks, indicating a gap in the geologic record.
D. conformity - A condition where sedimentary layers are deposited without interruption or erosion between them, indicating continuous
sedimentation.

82. The host rock of diamond is a pipelike intrusion of

A. basalt - A fine-grained volcanic rock commonly found in lava flows and oceanic crust.
B. quartz - A mineral commonly found in various types of rocks, including granite and sandstone, but not typically associated with diamond
formation.
C. plagioclase - A group of minerals commonly found in igneous rocks, such as basalt and granite, but not associated with diamond formation.
D. kimberlite - A type of volcanic rock that is often associated with diamond deposits, especially in kimberlite pipes, where diamonds are found.

https://alvathea.files.wordpress.com/2009/01/general-dictionary-of-geology.pdf
https://www.geokniga.org/bookfiles/geokniga-dictionaryofgeologyandmineralogy.pdf

83. Fire assaying is considered _____ method.

A. volumetric - A method of analysis that measures the volume of a substance involved in a chemical reaction.
B. gasometric - A method of analysis that measures the volume of gases produced or consumed during a chemical reaction.
C. gravimetric - A method of analysis that determines the concentration of a substance by measuring its mass.
D. wet - A method of analysis that involves the use of liquid reagents to extract, separate, or determine the concentration of substances.

https://www.911metallurgist.com/blog/fire-assay
https://pubs.usgs.gov/bul/1445/report.pdf
https://www.cedengineering.com/userfiles/Basic%20Principles%20of%20Metallurgy%20and%20Metalworking%20R1.pdf

84. It is a yearly program submitted at the start of each year which provides an operational link between the environmental protection and enhancement
commitments under the implementing rules and regulations of P.D. 1586.
A. AEPEP - Annual Environmental Protection and Enhancement Program: A yearly plan submitted at the beginning of each year that outlines
environmental protection and enhancement commitments, aligning with regulations.
B. EPEP - Environmental Protection and Enhancement Program: Similar to AEPEP, it's a plan detailing environmental commitments and actions for
a given period.
C. ECC - Environmental Compliance Certificate: A document issued by regulatory agencies to projects that have complied with environmental
regulations and commitments.
D. Environmental work program: A plan outlining specific activities related to environmental protection and enhancement initiatives within a project
or organization.

https://lawphil.net/statutes/presdecs/pd1978/pd_1586_1978.html

85. It is mine organization provided under P.D. 7942 that will marshal the corporate resources needed to implement
the environmental management programs of the company.
A. Mine Environmental Protection and Enhancement Office: Oversees environmental programs and ensures compliance.
B. Mine Rehabilitation and Monitoring Office: Manages and monitors rehabilitation efforts.
C. Mine Environmental Protection and Rehabilitation Office: Focuses on environmental protection and restoration.
D. Mine Rehabilitation Office: Handles planning and execution of rehabilitation programs.

https://lawphil.net/statutes/repacts/ra1995/ra_7942_1995.html

86. The cash fund needed by the contractor in mine rehabilitation.

a. P 25,000,000 b. P10,000,000 c. P5,000,000 d. P15,000,000

https://elibrary.judiciary.gov.ph/thebookshelf/showdocs/11/50882

87. The document required of proponent describing the environmental impacts of mitigation and enhancement measures for project or undertakings located
in an environmentally critical area.
A. Initial Environmental Examination (IEE): An initial assessment of environmental impacts and proposed mitigation measures.
B. Environmental Compliance Certificate (ECC): Issued after project approval, indicating compliance with environmental regulations.
C. Monitoring Reports: Periodic reports detailing environmental monitoring activities and findings.
D. Environmental Impact Statement (EIS): Comprehensive study of potential environmental impacts, mitigation measures, and enhancement plans
for a project.

https://emb.gov.ph/wp-content/uploads/2016/06/DAO-1996-37.pdf

88. These are persons or entities who may be significantly affected by the projects or undertakings such as, but not limited to member of the local
community, industry, LGU, NGO and PO.

A. Mine Community: The residents and workers directly associated with the mining operation.
B. Stakeholders: Individuals or groups with an interest or concern in the outcome or performance of a project.
C. Stockholders: Individuals or entities that own shares or stocks in a company.
D. all of these

https://elibrary.judiciary.gov.ph/thebookshelf/showdocs/10/42417#:~:text=%22Stakeholders%22%20refer%20to%20person(,(NGOs)%20and%20People's
%20Organizations%20(

89. The government official authorize to suspend mining/quarry operations in case of imminent danger to the environment, public safety and health.
A. MGB Regional Director: The regional director of the Mines and Geosciences Bureau, responsible for overseeing mining activities within their
designated region.
B. DENR Secretary: The Secretary of the Department of Environment and Natural Resources, the head of the government department responsible
for overseeing environmental protection and natural resource management.
C. President: The head of state and government of the Philippines, with the authority to make decisions at the national level.
D. Governor: The elected head of a province in the Philippines, responsible for local governance and administration within their province.

https://iclg.com/practice-areas/mining-laws-and-regulations/philippines

90. It is a 25-year program which provides an operational link between the environmental protection and enhancement commitments, under the
implementing rules and regulations of the Philippines Milling Act. as the issued environmental compliance certificate under PD. 1586.
A. AEPEP: Annual Environmental Protection and Enhancement Program - A yearly program outlining environmental commitments and actions to
be taken by mining operations.
B. EPEP: Environmental Protection and Enhancement Program - A program detailing measures for environmental protection and improvement over
a 25-year period, as required by the Philippines Mining Act.
C. ECC: Environmental Compliance Certificate - Issued under PD 1586, this certificate confirms that a project complies with environmental
regulations and commitments.
D. EWP: Environmental Work Program - A program detailing specific environmental tasks and initiatives to be undertaken by mining operations.

https://lawphil.net/statutes/presdecs/pd1978/pd_1586_1978.html

91. According to DAO 35, the effluent standard for cyanide content must not exceed ____.
a. 0.2 mg/L b. 0.5 mg/L c. 0.3 mg/L d. 0.4 mg/L

https://water.emb.gov.ph/wp-content/uploads/2016/07/DAO-1990-35.pdf
https://openjicareport.jica.go.jp/pdf/11948882_17.pdf

92. According to DAO 35, what is the maximum rise in temperature?

a. 2 deg b. 3 deg c. 4 deg d. 5 deg

https://water.emb.gov.ph/wp-content/uploads/2016/07/DAO-1990-35.pdf
https://openjicareport.jica.go.jp/pdf/11948882_17.pdf

93. According to the Clean Air Act, what is the maximum noise during daytime allowed at areas primarily used for residential purposes?
a. 50 Db b. 55 dB c. 60 Db d. 65 Db

https://www.fao.org/faolex/results/details/en/c/LEX-FAOC045271/#:~:text=This%20Act%20establishes%20a%20comprehensive,waste%20disposal%2C
%20and%20regulating%20emissions.

94. What is the maximum permissible limit of particulate emission from smelting furnaces according to National Emission Standards for Source Specific Air
Pollutants (NESSAP)?
a. 150 mg/Ncm b. 200 mg/Ncm c. 250 mg/Ncm d. 300 mg/Ncm

https://emb.gov.ph/wp-content/uploads/2015/09/1-Air-Quality-1.8-National-Air-Quality-Status-Report-2008-2015.pdf
https://emb.gov.ph/wp-content/uploads/2015/10/DAO-2000-81.pdf

95. According to the Clean Air Act, what is the maximum noise during daytime allowed at sections reserved for heavy industrial area?
a. 60 dB b. 65 dB c. 70 dB d. 75 Db

https://www.fao.org/faolex/results/details/en/c/LEX-FAOC045271/#:~:text=This%20Act%20establishes%20a%20comprehensive,waste%20disposal%2C
%20and%20regulating%20emissions.

96. According to the Clean Air Act, what is the maximum noise during daytime at sections reserved for light industrial area?
a. 60 Db b. 65 dB c. 70 dB d- 75 Db

https://www.fao.org/faolex/results/details/en/c/LEX-FAOC045271/#:~:text=This%20Act%20establishes%20a%20comprehensive,waste%20disposal%2C
%20and%20regulating%20emissions.

97. What is the pH limit of the effluent according to DAO 35?

a. 6.5 - 9 b. 4 - 7.5 c. 5.5 -8 d. 7 – 10

https://water.emb.gov.ph/wp-content/uploads/2016/07/DAO-1990-35.pdf

98. What is the maximum Total Suspended Solids of effluent according to DAO 35?
a. 60 mg/L b. 65 mg/L c. 70 mg/L d. 75 mg/L

https://water.emb.gov.ph/wp-content/uploads/2016/07/DAO-1990-35.pdf

99. What is the method used in measuring SOX pollutant based on NESSAP?
A. Gravimetric: Measures mass for SOx pollutants.
B. Griess Saltzman: Detects NO2 with a color reaction.
C. Colorimetric Pararosariline: Uses color change to measure SO2.
D. AAS: Quantifies elements like sulfur using light absorption.

https://emb.gov.ph/wp-content/uploads/2015/09/1-Air-Quality-1.8-National-Air-Quality-Status-Report-2008-2015.pdf
https://emb.gov.ph/wp-content/uploads/2015/10/DAO-2000-81.pdf

100. What is the maximum permissible limit of particulate emission from cement plants (kilns. etc) according to National Emission Standards for Source
Specific Air Pollutants (NESSAP)?
a. 150 mg./Ncm b. 200 mg/Ncm c. 250 mg/Ncm d. 300 mg/Ncm

https://emb.gov.ph/wp-content/uploads/2015/09/1-Air-Quality-1.8-National-Air-Quality-Status-Report-2008-2015.pdf
https://emb.gov.ph/wp-content/uploads/2015/10/DAO-2000-81.pdf

101. In what tectonic setting did the Philippines form?

A. Island arc: Formed by subduction of one tectonic plate under another, common in volcanic island chains.
B. Hot spots: Areas where magma rises to the Earth's surface, creating volcanic activity.
C. Mid-oceanic ridge: Underwater mountain range where new oceanic crust forms through volcanic activity.
D. Continental arc: Formed by subduction of oceanic crust beneath continental crust, leading to mountain ranges and volcanic activity.

102. Which of these rocks has the highest amount of quartz?

A. Granite: Rich in quartz, this durable igneous rock is widely used in construction.
B. Diorite: An intermediate igneous rock containing plagioclase feldspar.
C. Basalt: An extrusive igneous rock used in construction and road building.
D. Syenite: Similar to granite but with less quartz, primarily composed of feldspar.

https://alvathea.files.wordpress.com/2009/01/general-dictionary-of-geology.pdf
https://www.geokniga.org/bookfiles/geokniga-dictionaryofgeologyandmineralogy.pdf

103. Which does not belong to the discontinuous series of Bowen’s Reaction Series?
A. Biotite: A common mineral found in igneous and metamorphic rocks, often associated with granite.
B. Olivine: A green mineral commonly found in mafic igneous rocks like basalt.
C. Amphibole: A group of minerals commonly found in igneous and metamorphic rocks, including hornblende.
D. Plagioclase: A group of feldspar minerals found in many igneous rocks, such as basalt and granite.

https://alvathea.files.wordpress.com/2009/01/general-dictionary-of-geology.pdf
https://www.geokniga.org/bookfiles/geokniga-dictionaryofgeologyandmineralogy.pdf

104. The most stable mineral at the surface of the earth

A. Calcite: A common mineral found in sedimentary and metamorphic rocks, often associated with limestone and marble.
B. Feldspar: A group of minerals commonly found in igneous and metamorphic rocks, with varieties like orthoclase and plagioclase.
C. Quartz: A mineral found in many types of rocks, including igneous, sedimentary, and metamorphic rocks, known for its hardness and resistance
to weathering.
D. Plagioclase: A group of feldspar minerals found in many igneous rocks, such as basalt and granite.

https://alvathea.files.wordpress.com/2009/01/general-dictionary-of-geology.pdf
https://www.geokniga.org/bookfiles/geokniga-dictionaryofgeologyandmineralogy.pdf

105. Aspect, appearance, and the characteristic of a rock unit usually reflecting the conditions of its origin
A. Wall rock alteration: Changes in the surrounding rock due to the influence of nearby mineralization or hydrothermal activity.
B. Paragenic origin: The genetic relationship between minerals formed together in the same geological environment.
C. Stability field: The range of pressure and temperature conditions under which a mineral or mineral assemblage is stable.
D. Facies: A distinctive rock type or group of rock types characterized by specific sedimentary features, indicating the environment in which they
were deposited.

106. The large-scale deformation of the earth's crust that produces continents, ocean basins, mountain ranges. etc.
A. Tectonism: Large-scale crustal deformation shaping continents and mountains.
B. Volcanism: Eruptions expelling magma and forming volcanoes.
C. Continental collision: Plates converging to create mountain ranges.
D. Diastrophism: Crustal deformation shaping Earth's surface.

107. The Mine Rehabilitation Fund Committees shall be created in each region where active mining operation exist, who among the following is not
considered as a member.
a. Regional Director c. Representative from LGU
b. Provincial Executive Director d. Representative from NGO

https://elibrary.judiciary.gov.ph/thebookshelf/showdocs/11/50882

108. Commonly exhibits open-space filling textures and is associated from with volcanic-related hydrothermal to geothermal systems.
A. Epithermal gold deposits - Formed at shallow depths by volcanic fluids, often with quartz veins.
B. Mesothermal gold deposits - Found at moderate depths, associated with shear zones.
C. Syngenetic gold deposits - Occur simultaneously with host rocks, often in sedimentary settings.
D. Metallogenic provinces - Regions with concentrated mineral deposits due to geological processes.

109. Which sedimentary environment will you classify alluvial fans?

A. Fluvial - Relating to rivers and streams, where alluvial fans originate from sediment deposited by flowing water.
B. Lacustrian - Pertaining to lakes, not typically associated with the formation of alluvial fans.
C. Transitional - Transitional zones between different sedimentary environments, but not specific to alluvial fan formation.
D. Aeolian - Relating to wind, not the primary agent of deposition for alluvial fans.

110. It is an interaction between the rock and the rising hydrothermal fluid. It is characterized by the change in color, mineralization, hardness, and
composition of the rock.

A. Metasomatism - The alteration of rocks by hydrothermal fluids, leading to changes in mineral composition, color, and texture.
B. Paragenesis - The sequence of mineral formation in a rock, not specifically related to alteration by hydrothermal fluids.
C. Wall rock alteration - The process where surrounding rocks are changed by hydrothermal activity, leading to observable changes in color,
mineralization, and composition.
D. Hydration - The process of water absorption by minerals, typically not associated with the alteration of rocks by hydrothermal fluids.

111. It is a type of copper deposit that is closely related with submarine volcanism and is characterized by massive, graded cross bedding or cross bedding
ore texture?
A. Porphyry Cu deposit - Large, low-grade deposits of copper found in association with igneous intrusions, often with associated minerals like gold
and molybdenum.
B. Bushveld complex - A large layered igneous intrusion in South Africa, known for its platinum group elements and chromium deposits.
C. Kuroko type deposit - Volcanogenic massive sulfide deposits found in Japan, characterized by massive, graded cross bedding or cross bedding
ore texture, often containing copper, lead, and zinc.
D. Transvaal system - A geological formation in South Africa, primarily known for its gold deposits.

https://www.geokniga.org/bookfiles/geokniga-lindgren1933mineraldeposits.pdf
https://alvathea.files.wordpress.com/2009/01/general-dictionary-of-geology.pdf

112. In which part of gossan would you find the highest concentration of iron?
A. Leached zone: Upper part of gossan where soluble minerals are removed, leaving iron oxides.
B. Primary mineralization: Original mineral deposits formed in host rock.
C. Supergene enrichment: Area beneath leached zone where metals like iron are concentrated.
D. Alteration zones: Areas where rock undergoes chemical changes, potentially enriching iron.

https://www.geokniga.org/bookfiles/geokniga-lindgren1933mineraldeposits.pdf
https://alvathea.files.wordpress.com/2009/01/general-dictionary-of-geology.pdf

113. The cupel is made up of what material?

A. Sheep bone ash - Material used to make cupels for assaying precious metals due to its ability to absorb lead oxide.
B. Tensile ceramics - Strong, durable ceramics used in various industrial applications but not for cupels.
C. PETN - Explosive compound unrelated to cupel production.
D. Calcareous resin - Type of resin unsuitable for making cupels; not heat-resistant enough.

https://www.911metallurgist.com/blog/fire-assay
https://pubs.usgs.gov/bul/1445/report.pdf
https://www.cedengineering.com/userfiles/Basic%20Principles%20of%20Metallurgy%20and%20Metalworking%20R1.pdf

114. It is the process of heating the ore in the presence of excess air and involves oxidation of metal sulfides to give metal oxides and sulfur dioxide
A. Smelting - Process of extracting metal from its ore by heating it with a reducing agent such as carbon.
B. Roasting - Process of heating ore in the presence of air to remove volatile impurities and convert metal sulfides to oxides.
C. Calcination - Heating process to drive off volatile substances and convert carbonates and hydrated minerals to oxides.
D. Converting - Process of refining metal to remove impurities through oxidation or reduction reactions.

https://www.911metallurgist.com/blog/fire-assay
https://pubs.usgs.gov/bul/1445/report.pdf
https://www.cedengineering.com/userfiles/Basic%20Principles%20of%20Metallurgy%20and%20Metalworking%20R1.pdf

115. The common lixiviants/leaching agent used for oxide minerals

a. NaOH solution b. FeS04 solution c. dilute H2S04 d. (NH4)2C03

116. Electrolytic extraction process in which cathodic reduction is used to recover the valuable metal from the electrolyte which is derived from a leaching
process.
A. Electrowinning - Process where metal ions are extracted from a solution using an electrical current to deposit them onto a cathode.
B. Electrorefining - Method to purify a metal through electrolysis, removing impurities from an impure metal anode to a pure cathode.
C. Cementation - Technique for extracting metal ions from a solution by replacing them with more reactive metal ions.
D. Electrolysis - Chemical process where electrical energy is used to drive a non-spontaneous reaction, often involving the decomposition of
compounds.

https://www.cedengineering.com/userfiles/Basic%20Principles%20of%20Metallurgy%20and%20Metalworking%20R1.pdf
https://pdfcoffee.com/introductory-mining-engineering-2nd-edition-by-hartman-9-pdf-free.html
https://pubs.usgs.gov/bul/1445/report.pdf

117. Which of the following is false regarding the general properties of metals?
a. Metals are white, or nearly white in color, except for Au and Cu
b. Metals are comparatively easy to penetrate with x-rays
c. Most metals have low specific heats
d. Metals are hard but also malleable and ductile

118. Fusion, which involves melting together of the ore and the fluxes (charge), is conducted _______ at degree Celsius for 40-50 minutes
a. 500C b. 1000C c. 1500C d. 2000C

https://www.911metallurgist.com/blog/fire-assay
https://pubs.usgs.gov/bul/1445/report.pdf
https://www.cedengineering.com/userfiles/Basic%20Principles%20of%20Metallurgy%20and%20Metalworking%20R1.pdf

119. The process in fire assaying where gold is heated to achieve original color and to remove volatile contaminants
A. Inquartation - Mixing with silver to prepare for analysis.
B. Cupellation - Heating lead button to separate noble metals.
C. Fusion - Melting sample with fluxes for analysis.
D. Annealing - Heating to remove stresses and increase ductility.

https://pubs.usgs.gov/bul/1445/report.pdf
https://www.911metallurgist.com/blog/fire-assay

120. Some of the rock along the fault may pulverize into a fine grain called.

A. Filling - Material deposited within a fracture or fault.

B. Vein - A distinct mineral deposit within a rock fracture.
C. Gouge - Fine-grained material resulting from fault pulverization.
D. none of these

https://www3.nd.edu/~cneal/PlanetEarth/Chapt-11a-Rock-Mechanics.pdf
https://alvathea.files.wordpress.com/2009/01/general-dictionary-of-geology.pdf
https://www.geokniga.org/bookfiles/geokniga-dictionaryofgeologyandmineralogy.pdf

121. Chemical control order for mercury and mercury compound.

A. DAO 98-38
B. DAO 98-39
C. DAO 97-39 - Chemical Control Order For Cyanide And Cyanide Compounds
D. DAO 97-38 - CHEMICAL CONTROL ORDER FOR MERCURY AND MERCURY COMPOUNDS

https://lmb.gov.ph/index.php?option=com_content&view=article&id=286
https://lmb.gov.ph/index.php?option=com_content&view=article&id=286
https://www.pntr.gov.ph/wp-content/uploads/2021/04/AO-3997.pdf
https://chemical.emb.gov.ph/wp-content/uploads/2017/03/DAO-1997-38-CCO-Mercury.pdf

122. Polished and striated surfaces that result from friction along line the fault plane.
A. gouge - Fine-grained material between fault walls.
B. slickensides - Polished, striated fault surfaces.
C. fault - Fracture with displacement in Earth's crust.
D. all of these

123. An inclusion that has obviously been derived from some older formation genetically unrelated to the igneous rock itself.
A. batolith - Large, intrusive igneous body.
B. lattolith - Inverted batholith.
C. xenolith - Foreign rock inclusion in igneous rock.
D. sill - Tabular igneous intrusion.

124. Gossans are weathering derivatives of _______

A. sulphides - Minerals containing sulfur.
B. oxides - Minerals formed by oxidation.
C. carbonates - Minerals composed of carbonate ions.
D. sulfo-salts - Minerals containing both sulfur and a metal or metals.
https://www.geokniga.org/bookfiles/geokniga-lindgren1933mineraldeposits.pdf
https://www.geokniga.org/bookfiles/geokniga-dictionaryofgeologyandmineralogy.pdf
https://alvathea.files.wordpress.com/2009/01/general-dictionary-of-geology.pdf

125. ________ is a map that places rocks in their presumed positions.

A. palinspastic map - Reconstructed rock positions.
B. geologic map - Shows rock distribution and features.
C. topographic map - Depicts surface details.
D. survey map - Displays property boundaries.

https://www.oxfordreference.com/display/10.1093/oi/authority.20110803100302335
https://geoinfo.nmt.edu/publications/maps/geologic/whatis.html#:~:text=Geologic%20maps%20represent%20the%20distribution,of%20buildings%20and
%20transportation%20systems.
https://www.usgs.gov/educational-resources/topographic-mapping#:~:text=Topographic%20maps%20usually%20portray%20both,transmission%20lines
%2C%20and%20major%20buildings.
https://www.lawinsider.com/dictionary/survey-map

126. Micro breccia that maintained its coherence during deformation.

A. scoria - Vesicular volcanic rock.
B. pumice - Lightweight volcanic rock with numerous pores.
C. mylonite - Fine-grained rock showing evidence of ductile deformation.
D. none of these

127. A surface or erosion or non-deposition that separates younger strata from older rocks.
A. paraconformity - Appears conformable but is a gap in the rock record.
B. nonconformity - Sedimentary rocks atop non-sedimentary ones.
C. conformity - Uninterrupted sedimentary layers.
D. unconformity - Significant gap in rock record between layers.

128. Cobalt is now being mined and recovered locally from _____.
A. Saprolite - Chemically weathered rock near the surface.
B. Laterite - Weathered soil rich in iron and aluminum.
C. Sulphides - Minerals containing sulfur.
D. Porphyry copper - Large, low-grade copper deposits in porphyritic rocks.

129. The formation of manganese nodules in the ocean floor involves growth essentially by _____ process.
A. Physical - Relating to the movement or properties of matter.
B. Chemical - Involving the interaction of substances and their properties.
C. Organic - Pertaining to living organisms or their remains.
D. Nuclear - Involving the nucleus of atoms and their reactions.

130. Reefs are sometimes reservoirs of oil because of their _______.

A. Composition - Reef materials.
B. Organic derivation - From living organisms.
C. Porous structure - Holds oil.
D. Carbonaceous - Contains carbon.

131. A fault along which the displacement has been essentially parallel to the strike or the fault.
A. Strike-slip fault - Displacement parallel to strike.
B. Thrust fault - Low-angle reverse fault.
C. Normal fault - Hanging wall moves down.
D. Reverse fault - Hanging wall moves up.

132. The largest rock subjected to jaw crusher must be at most how many percent of gape?
a. 70 b. 75 c. 80 d. 85

https://pdfcoffee.com/introductory-mining-engineering-2nd-edition-by-hartman-9-pdf-free.html
http://faculty.tafreshu.ac.ir/file/download/course/1583681961-engineering-rock-mechanics-volume1.pdf

133. Era at which first terrestrial plants and animals appeared.

A. Cenozoic - Age of mammals and flowering plants.
B. Mesozoic - Age of reptiles, including dinosaurs.
C. Paleozoic - Emergence of complex life, including first terrestrial plants and animals.
D. Precambrian - Longest geological era, covers majority of Earth's history.

134. Carboniferous period is under what era?

135. Hydrothermal deposit formed under 50-200C and moderate temperature

A. Epithermal - Formed at relatively low temperatures (50-200°C), often associated with volcanic activity.
B. Mesothermal - Formed at moderate temperatures and depths.
C. Hypothermal - Formed at great depths and high temperatures.
D. Mesozonal - Deposit formed at moderate depths and temperatures.

136. Formed from continuous cooling, differentiation and crystallization of intermediate to silicic magmas
A. Magmatic fluids: Formed from magma cooling and crystallization.
B. Hydrothermal fluids: Hot, mineral-rich fluids that circulate and deposit minerals.
C. Epithermal fluids: Low to moderate temperature hydrothermal fluids near the surface.
D. Metamorphic fluids: Involved in rock alteration under high pressure and temperature.

137. Massive sulphides associated with submarine volcanism and related sedimentation
A. Kuroko Type: Massive sulfide deposits formed near submarine volcanoes in Japan.
B. Besshi Type: Massive sulfide deposits with copper and associated minerals.
C. Volcanogenic massive sulfides: Deposits formed from hydrothermal vents associated with volcanic activity.
D. Cyprus Type: Massive sulfide deposits in Cyprus known for copper and associated minerals.

https://www.geokniga.org/bookfiles/geokniga-lindgren1933mineraldeposits.pdf

138. Which of the following mine in the Philippines has a Kuroko-type deposit?
a. Barlo b. Bagacay c. Rapu-rapu d. Canatuan

https://www.geokniga.org/bookfiles/geokniga-lindgren1933mineraldeposits.pdf

139. Which of the following is the deposit form of a Besshi-type deposit?

a. Massive sulphide overlying stockwork zone, overlain by chert
b. Massive to banded sulphide, clastic ore apron overlying stockwork zone
c. Concordant sheet of massive sulphides
d. none of these

https://www.geokniga.org/bookfiles/geokniga-lindgren1933mineraldeposits.pdf

140. The selective removal of a mineral by causing a suitable solvent to seep into and through a mass or pile of material containing the desired soluble
mineral.
A. Percolation Leaching: Selective removal of minerals by solvent seepage through material.
B. In Situ Leaching: Extraction of minerals without physically removing rock.
C. Dump Leaching: Leaching of ores stacked in heaps on ground.
D. Heap Leaching: Extraction by applying leaching agent to piled crushed ore.

https://pdfcoffee.com/introductory-mining-engineering-2nd-edition-by-hartman-9-pdf-free.html
https://webapps.unitn.it/Biblioteca/it/Web/EngibankFile/Drilling%20and%20blasting%20of%20rocks.pdf

141. This process involves selective dissolution of Gold using cyanide.

A. CIP/CIL/CIC - Processes involving cyanidation and carbon adsorption for gold recovery.
B. Wohlwill process - Electrolytic method to purify gold to 99.99% purity.
C. Merrill-Crowe Process - Zinc precipitation method for gold and silver recovery from cyanide solutions.
D. Direct smelting - Melting gold-containing materials to separate gold from impurities.

https://pdfcoffee.com/introductory-mining-engineering-2nd-edition-by-hartman-9-pdf-free.html
https://www.cedengineering.com/userfiles/Basic%20Principles%20of%20Metallurgy%20and%20Metalworking%20R1.pdf
142. This technology involves continuous furnace smelting of Cu.
A. Mitsubishi process - A method for continuous copper smelting in a Mitsubishi converter.
B. Flash smelting - A high-temperature pyrometallurgical process for smelting sulfide ores to produce copper matte.
C. Electro-refining - A process for purifying metals using electrolysis, commonly used for refining copper.
D. Heap leaching - A method for extracting metals from ore by piling crushed ore on pads and irrigating with a leaching solution.

https://www.cedengineering.com/userfiles/Basic%20Principles%20of%20Metallurgy%20and%20Metalworking%20R1.pdf
https://pubs.usgs.gov/bul/1445/report.pdf
https://webapps.unitn.it/Biblioteca/it/Web/EngibankFile/Drilling%20and%20blasting%20of%20rocks.pdf

143. Type of furnace where contact of charge and fuel results in max thermal efficiency (60—70%)
A. Shaft Furnace - Vertical furnace for efficient heating.
B. Reverberatory furnace - Indirect heating for various ores.
C. Retort Furnace - Closed furnace for distillation.
D. Muffle Furnace - Enclosed chamber for heat treatment.

https://www.911metallurgist.com/blog/fire-assay
https://www.cedengineering.com/userfiles/Basic%20Principles%20of%20Metallurgy%20and%20Metalworking%20R1.pdf
https://pubs.usgs.gov/bul/1445/report.pdf

144. Which of the following are violated by Philex Mining Corporation when tailings leaked from its tailings storage facility?
A. RA 7942 - Philippine Mining Act of 1995, regulates mining operations.
B. RA 9275 - Clean Water Act, mandates water quality management.
C. RA 8749 - Clean Air Act, regulates air pollution control.
D. a & b

https://lawphil.net/statutes/repacts/ra1995/ra_7942_1995.html
https://r12.emb.gov.ph/ra-9275-the-philippine-clean-water-act/#:~:text=The%20Philippine%20Clean%20Water%20Act%20of%202004%20(Republic
%20Act%20No,and%20community%2Fhousehold%20activities).
https://lawphil.net/statutes/repacts/ra1999/ra_8749_1999.html

145. What are the two river bodies affected by the tailing leakage incident at Philex Mining Corporation.
a. Balog and Bued b. Balog and Agno c. San Roque and Agno d. none of these.

https://ejatlas.org/conflict/philex-padcal-mining-disaster-benguet-philippines#:~:text=The%20Philex%20Padcal%20mine%20caused,mine%2C%20located
%20in%20Benguet%20province.

146. The cost of Environmental Work Program should be ____% of the Exploration Work Program.
a. 2% b. 5% c. 10% d. 15%

https://mgb.gov.ph/images/stories/mgbform16-1.doc

147. What law is violated by a mining company if there is no Mining Environmental Protection and Enhancement Office established?
A. RA 7942 - Mining Act
B. PD 1586 - EIS Law
C. RA 8749 - Clean Air Act
D. RA 9275 - Clean Water Act

https://lawphil.net/statutes/repacts/ra1995/ra_7942_1995.html
https://lawphil.net/statutes/presdecs/pd1978/pd_1586_1978.html
https://lawphil.net/statutes/repacts/ra1999/ra_8749_1999.html
https://r12.emb.gov.ph/ra-9275-the-philippine-clean-water-act/#:~:text=The%20Philippine%20Clean%20Water%20Act%20of%202004%20(Republic
%20Act%20No,and%20community%2Fhousehold%20activities).

148 What law is violated if a mining company operates an emission generating equipment with no Permit to Operate?
A. RA 9003 - Ecological Solid Waste Management Act
B. PD 1586 - Environmental Impact Statement System Law
C. RA 8749 - Clean Air Act
D. RA 9275 - Clean Water Act

https://www.officialgazette.gov.ph/2001/01/26/republic-act-no-9003-s-2001/
https://lawphil.net/statutes/presdecs/pd1978/pd_1586_1978.html
https://lawphil.net/statutes/repacts/ra1999/ra_8749_1999.html
https://r12.emb.gov.ph/ra-9275-the-philippine-clean-water-act/#:~:text=The%20Philippine%20Clean%20Water%20Act%20of%202004%20(Republic
%20Act%20No,and%20community%2Fhousehold%20activities).

149. Lodging of FMRDP Fund is based on

A. PD 1586 - Environmental Impact Statement System Law
B. DAO 2005-07 - Establishing the Revised Procedural Manual for DAO 2003-30
C. RA 7942 - Philippine Mining Act of 1995
D. DAO 12-21 - Implementing Rules and Regulations of RA 7942

https://emb.gov.ph/wp-content/uploads/2015/09/PD-1586.pdf
https://elibrary.judiciary.gov.ph/thebookshelf/showdocs/11/50882
https://lawphil.net/statutes/repacts/ra1995/ra_7942_1995.html
https://ncr.denr.gov.ph/index.php/e-library/11-denr-administrative-orders-dao/32-dao-2021-12

150. What will happen if 2 oceanic plate will converge?

a. island arc is formed instead of volcanic arc c. mountain range will be formed
b. volcanic arc will be formed d. spreading center will be formed

https://alvathea.files.wordpress.com/2009/01/general-dictionary-of-geology.pdf
https://www.geokniga.org/bookfiles/geokniga-dictionaryofgeologyandmineralogy.pdf
https://www.geokniga.org/bookfiles/geokniga-lindgren1933mineraldeposits.pdf

151. What is the longest trench in the Philippines?

A. Philippine Trench - Deep trench off the eastern Philippines.
B. East Luzon Trench - Oceanic trench along Luzon's east coast.
C. Manila Trench - Tectonic trench off Luzon's west coast.
D. Sulu Trench - Deep trench in the Sulu Sea.

https://www.britannica.com/place/Philippine-Trench#:~:text=Philippine%20Trench%2C%20submarine%20trench%20in,of%20the%20island%20of
%20Mindanao.
https://geology.fandom.com/wiki/East_Luzon_Trough
https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/0360544285900465
https://link.springer.com/article/10.1007/s11069-016-2661-x

152. Philippine fault is what type of fault?

A. Strike-slip fault - Plates slide past each other horizontally.
B. Thrust fault - Upper plate pushes over the lower plate.
C. Normal fault - Hanging wall moves down relative to the footwall.
D. Left-lateral fault - Blocks move horizontally, with the left block moving leftward.

153. What is the classification of Pluto?

A. Planetoid - Smaller celestial bodies, including asteroids and minor planets.
B. Dwarf planet - Celestial bodies that orbit the Sun, spherical in shape, but have not cleared their orbital path.
C. Planet - Celestial bodies that orbit the Sun, are spherical in shape, and have cleared their orbital path.
D. Satellite - A celestial body that orbits a planet.

https://www.dictionary.com/browse/planetoid
https://www.jpl.nasa.gov/infographics/what-is-a-dwarf-planet
https://www.britannica.com/science/planet
https://www.britannica.com/science/satellite

154. What is the state of matter in the outer core of the Earth?
A. Solid - Definite shape and volume, particles tightly packed.
B. Liquid - Definite volume but no fixed shape, particles can move past each other.
C. Plasma - No definite shape or volume, consists of charged particles.
D. Gas - No definite shape or volume, particles move freely.

https://www.livescience.com/46506-states-of-matter.html

155. Liquid iron nickel layer of the Earth

A. Lithosphere - Rigid outer layer of Earth's surface, including the crust and upper mantle.
B. Asthenosphere - Semi-fluid layer beneath the lithosphere where convection currents occur.
C. Mesosphere - The middle layer of Earth's atmosphere, above the stratosphere and below the thermosphere.
D. Outer Core - Liquid layer beneath the mantle and surrounding the inner core.

https://www.snexplores.org/article/explainer-earth-layer-layer#:~:text=Starting%20at%20the%20center%2C%20Earth,explored%20these%20layers%20in
%20person.
https://alvathea.files.wordpress.com/2009/01/general-dictionary-of-geology.pdf

156. The Ring of Fire is an area where a large number of earthquakes and volcanic eruptions occur in the basin of the Pacific Ocean. The earthquake activity
in Chile is related to the subduction of what plate to the east?
A. Nazca Plate - Eastern Pacific tectonic plate, subducts beneath South America causing seismic activity in Chile.
B. Cocos Plate - Pacific plate near Central America, subducts under North America.
C. Caribbean Plate - Western Atlantic plate, interacts with nearby plates.
D. North American Plate - Includes North America, but not directly related to Chile's seismic activity.

https://www.britannica.com/science/Nazca-Plate
https://www.sciencedirect.com/topics/earth-and-planetary-sciences/cocos-plate
https://www.sciencedirect.com/topics/earth-and-planetary-sciences/caribbean-plate
https://earthhow.com/north-american-plate/

157. What is the chemical formula of ilminite?

a. (60)(42)(16)3 b. (56)(48)(16)3 c. (56)2(48)(16)3 d. (60)2(42)(16)3

https://webmineral.com/data/Ilmenite.shtml

158. Period when modern man appeared

A. Quaternary - Geological period characterized by the appearance of modern humans.
B. Tertiary - Geological period preceding the Quaternary, marked by the dominance of mammals.
C. Cretaceous - Geological period known for the proliferation of dinosaurs and flowering plants.
D. Permian - Geological period known for its diverse terrestrial life and the extinction event that ended it.

https://www.yourgenome.org/theme/evolution-of-modern-humans/
https://www.britannica.com/science/geologic-time
https://alvathea.files.wordpress.com/2009/01/general-dictionary-of-geology.pdf

159. Underground mining method used by small-scale miners.

A. Gophering - Manual digging method used by small-scale miners to extract ore from narrow veins or pockets.
B. Cut-and-fill - Mining method where ore is extracted in horizontal slices, then backfilled with waste material.
C. Glory hole - Open pit mining method used by small-scale miners to extract ore from near-surface deposits.
D. Top slicing - Method where horizontal slices of ore are removed sequentially from the top downwards.

https://pdfcoffee.com/introductory-mining-engineering-2nd-edition-by-hartman-9-pdf-free.html
https://webapps.unitn.it/Biblioteca/it/Web/EngibankFile/Drilling%20and%20blasting%20of%20rocks.pdf
https://www.researchgate.net/publication/314502989_AN_OVERVIEW_OF_MINING_METHODS

160. Measure of the degree of spreading and sharing of thermal energy within a system
A. Enthalpy - Measure of the total heat content of a system, including both internal energy and pressure-volume work.
B. Entropy - Measure of the degree of spreading and sharing of thermal energy within a system, representing the system's disorder or randomness.
C. Spontaneity - Indicates whether a process will occur without external intervention based on the change in Gibbs free energy.
D. none of these

https://byjus.com/chemistry.

161. A ball mill in close circuit with a hydroclone is fed at a rate of 300 DMT per hour. The percentages of solids by weight of the cyclone feed, overflow,
and underflow are 60%, 40% and 75% respectively. Determine the
circulating load ratio.
a. 2.5 b. 2.0 c. 3.0 d. 3.5

162. Refers to by-products, side-product process residues, spent reaction media, contaminated plant or equipment or other substances from manufacturing
operations and as consumer discards of manufactured products which present unreasonable risk and/or Injury to health and safety and to the environment
A. Toxic waste - Harmful waste posing risks to health or environment.
B. Hazardous waste - Materials with potential harm to health or environment.
C. Toxic reaction - Chemical reaction creating harmful substances.
D. Contaminated products - Goods tainted by hazardous substances.

https://pdfcoffee.com/introductory-mining-engineering-2nd-edition-by-hartman-9-pdf-free.html
https://www.cedengineering.com/userfiles/Basic%20Principles%20of%20Metallurgy%20and%20Metalworking%20R1.pdf
https://www.researchgate.net/publication/314502989_AN_OVERVIEW_OF_MINING_METHODS

163. Classification of fresh surface water for sources of water supply that will require complete treatment (coagulation, sedimentation, filtration and
disinfection) in order to meet the NSDW.
A. Class AA - Fresh surface water requiring full treatment to meet standards.
B. Class A - Surface water needing minimal treatment to meet standards.
C. Class B - Surface water needing moderate treatment to meet standards.
D. Class C - Surface water requiring extensive treatment to meet standards.

https://cteco.uconn.edu/guides/resource/CT_ECO_Resource_Guide_Water_Quality_Classifications.pdf

164. Classification of coastal and marine water for marshy and/or mangrove areas declared as fish and wildlife
sanctuaries
A. Class SA - Coastal and marine water in protected fish and wildlife sanctuaries.
B. Class SB - Coastal and marine water with restricted use in fish and wildlife sanctuaries.
C. Class SC - Coastal and marine water with regulated use in fish and wildlife sanctuaries.
D. Class SD - Coastal and marine water with controlled use in fish and wildlife sanctuaries.
https://cteco.uconn.edu/guides/resource/CT_ECO_Resource_Guide_Water_Quality_Classifications.pdf

165. Refers to wastewater whose initial BOD value before treatment is equal to or greater than 3,000mg/L.

A. Industrial water - Water used in industrial processes or activities.

B. Strong water - Wastewater with high organic content and BOD levels.
C. Alkaline water - Water with a high pH level.
D. Commercial water - Water used for commercial purposes such as drinking or sanitation.

https://cteco.uconn.edu/guides/resource/CT_ECO_Resource_Guide_Water_Quality_Classifications.pdf

166. For inland Class C water, the effluent standard pH for New/Proposed Industry should be:
a. 6.5 – 9 b. 9.0 – 10.0 c.4.0 – 7.0 d. 6.0 – 10.0

https://cteco.uconn.edu/guides/resource/CT_ECO_Resource_Guide_Water_Quality_Classifications.pdf

167. Determine the percentage solids by volume of a slurry with 45% solids and 2.7 solids S.G.
a. 26.3% b. 23.6% c. 25.2% d. 22.5%
168. The inside diameter (liner to liner) of a ball mill is 16.84 feet and is operating at 75% of the crucial speed. Determine the rpm of the mill.
a. 12 rpm b. 14 rpm c. 16 rpm d. 18 rpm
169. Deposits that are formed simultaneously with the host rock.
A. Epigenetic - Deposits formed after the formation of the host rock.
B. Syngenetic - Deposits formed simultaneously with the host rock.
C. Metamorphic - Deposits altered by heat and pressure.
D. Pneumatolytic - Deposits formed from volatile-rich fluids introduced into rocks.
https://alvathea.files.wordpress.com/2009/01/general-dictionary-of-geology.pdf
https://www.geokniga.org/bookfiles/geokniga-dictionaryofgeologyandmineralogy.pdf
https://www.geokniga.org/bookfiles/geokniga-lindgren1933mineraldeposits.pdf

170. What is the deepest mine in the world?

A. TauTona Mine - Located in South Africa, it is one of the deepest gold mines in the world.
B. East Rand Mine - A gold mine in South Africa, formerly one of the world's deepest mines.
C. Mponeng Mine - Currently the world's deepest gold mine, located in South Africa.
D. Savuka Mine - Another gold mine in South Africa, part of the same complex as Mponeng Mine.

https://www.mining-technology.com/projects/tautona_goldmine/
https://www.mindat.org/loc-10864.html
https://www.harmony.co.za/operations/south-africa/underground/mponeng/#:~:text=Overview,90km%20south%2Dwest%20of%20Johannesburg.
https://www.mining-technology.com/projects/savuka-gold-mine-south-africa/

171. Where is the deepest mine in the world located?

A. Chile - Known for its extensive copper mining operations, but not home to the deepest mine.
B. Australia - Has significant mining activities, particularly in iron ore and coal, but not known for the deepest mine.
C. Canada - Has diverse mining operations, including metals like gold and copper, but not known for the deepest mine.
D. South Africa - Home to the Mponeng Mine, the deepest gold mine in the world.

https://www.guinnessworldrecords.com/world-records/66169-deepest-mine#:~:text=The%20deepest%20mine%20in%20the,below%20the%204%2Dkm
%20mark.

172. Where is the largest open pit mine located?

A. USA - Hosts several large open pit mines, including the Bingham Canyon Mine in Utah, one of the largest copper mines in the world.
B. Australia - Home to the Super Pit gold mine in Western Australia, one of the largest open pit gold mines globally.
C. South Africa - Known for its deep-level underground mining operations, not typically associated with large open pit mines.
D. Chile - Hosts the Chuquicamata copper mine, one of the largest open pit mines globally and the largest copper mine by production.

https://storymaps.com/stories/59a1d229cdf14cc28e7bfda2af405381#:~:text=The%20Bingham%20Canyon%20copper%20mine,to%20reach%20mineral
%2Dbearing%20rock.

173. What is the largest tectonic plate?

A. Antarctic - While large, the Antarctic Plate is not typically associated with significant mining activities due to its coverage by ice sheets.
B. Eurasian - The Eurasian Plate is extensive, covering a significant portion of Europe and Asia, hosting various mining operations across multiple
countries.
C. Pacific - The Pacific Plate is the largest tectonic plate, encompassing much of the Pacific Ocean. It hosts numerous active mining regions along
its boundaries, such as the Pacific Ring of Fire.
D. Africa - The African Plate covers the continent of Africa and some surrounding oceanic regions. It is home to several important mining countries
and regions, including South Africa, the Democratic Republic of Congo, and others.

https://pubs.usgs.gov/gip/dynamic/tectonic.html#:~:text=A%20tectonic%20plate%20(also%20called,Plates%20are%20among%20the%20largest.

174. The oldest known mine on archaeological record is the "Lion Cave" in Swaziland, which radiocarbon dating
shows to be about 43,000 years old. What did the paleolithic humans mine at this site?
A. hematite, to make red pigment ochre - Hematite was mined by paleolithic humans at the Lion Cave site in Swaziland to produce red pigment
ochre, which was used for various purposes including body decoration, cave paintings, and cultural rituals.
B. malachite, for ornamentation and pottery - Malachite is a green mineral that was not mined at the Lion Cave site for ornamentation and pottery.
C. gold, for ornaments and coins - Gold was not mined at the Lion Cave site for ornaments and coins.
D. copper, for tools - Copper was not mined at the Lion Cave site for tools.

https://geo.libretexts.org/Bookshelves/Geology/Fundamentals_of_Geology_(Schulte)/12%3A_Geological_Implications/12.09%3A_Mining#:~:text=The
%20oldest%20known%20mine%20on,make%20the%20red%20pigment%20ochre.

175. Chemical control order for Mercury and Mercury Compounds

A. DAO 97-38 - Governmental directive regulating mercury use in mining.

B. DAO 04-36 - Legal order concerning mercury handling in mining.
C. DAO 92-29 - Regulations for mercury management in mining.
D. DAO 20-21 - Updated guidelines for mercury control in mining.

https://chemical.emb.gov.ph/wp-content/uploads/2017/03/DAO-1997-38-CCO-Mercury.pdf
https://www.pntr.gov.ph/wp-content/uploads/2021/04/AO-3604.pdf
https://chemical.emb.gov.ph/wp-content/uploads/2017/03/DAO-1992-29-IRR-of-6969.pdf
https://ncr.denr.gov.ph/index.php/e-library/11-denr-administrative-orders-dao/39-dao-2021-20

176. Gradual or sudden failure of the soil mass underlying a bank slope. causing the mass to move outward and downward
A. Overburden Failure - Collapse of surface material in mining.
B. Downslope - Direction of soil movement in mining.
C. Creep - Gradual slope movement in mining.
D. Slide - Sudden slope failure in mining.

https://www.geokniga.org/bookfiles/geokniga-lindgren1933mineraldeposits.pdf
https://alvathea.files.wordpress.com/2009/01/general-dictionary-of-geology.pdf

177. Which of the following fuels does not emit carbon dioxide when burned?
A. oil - Mined fossil fuel emitting CO2 when burned.
B. natural gas - Mined gas emitting CO2 when burned.
C. coal - Mined fossil fuel emitting CO2 when burned.
D. uranium - Mined fuel not emitting CO2 when used.

https://pdfcoffee.com/introductory-mining-engineering-2nd-edition-by-hartman-9-pdf-free.html
https://alvathea.files.wordpress.com/2009/01/general-dictionary-of-geology.pdf
https://19january2021snapshot.epa.gov/sites/static/files/2014-08/documents/coal_mining_dd_int_final_1976_057a.pdf

178. One of the reasons for conducting roasting

a. To convert metal to soluble form c. to strengthen bonds between metallic compounds
b. To coagulate impurities d. all of these

https://www.cedengineering.com/userfiles/Basic%20Principles%20of%20Metallurgy%20and%20Metalworking%20R1.pdf
https://pubs.usgs.gov/bul/1445/report.pdf

179. What is the percent recovery in a concentration operation where the values heads = 0.31 0/6 products = 28.5%
and waste = 0.053%.
a. 81.3% b. 81.8% c. 88.1% d. 83.1%
180. 100 DMTPH of material is being processed in an industrial screening operation with undersize tonnage at 71.2
DMTPH. Laboratory screening test indicated that the feed is 80% passing the screen size. Find the screen efficiency.
a. 89% b. 92% c. 87% d. 85%
181. Natural or primary fuel formed in the earth by the prolonged action of geologic forces and conditions on accumulation of plants and vegetal matter. This
is also largest single source of energy for metallurgical Industry
A. petroleum - Natural liquid fuel extracted from underground reservoirs, vital for various industries including metallurgical.
B. coal - Black sedimentary rock formed from plant remains, mined for metallurgical industry as a primary energy source.
C. oil - Crude oil extracted from underground, essential for energy needs including metallurgical processes.
D. natural gas - Underground gas mixture, used for energy but less prevalent in metallurgical operations compared to coal.

https://www.researchgate.net/publication/221909211_Natural_Gas
https://19january2021snapshot.epa.gov/sites/static/files/2014-08/documents/coal_mining_dd_int_final_1976_057a.pdf

182. A pyrometallurgical process where the feed is melted (accompanied by chemical change) and separated into two immiscible liquids.
A. roasting - Heating ores to induce chemical changes before extraction.
B. smelting - Melting ores to separate metal from ore, forming two liquids.
C. calcination - Heating ores to remove volatile components.
D. refining - Purifying metals after extraction, not involving separation into immiscible liquids.

https://pubs.usgs.gov/bul/1445/report.pdf
https://www.cedengineering.com/userfiles/Basic%20Principles%20of%20Metallurgy%20and%20Metalworking%20R1.pdf

183. The contractor under the EPEP shall allocate for its initial environmental-related capital expenditure an amount the total project/capital cost.
a. 15% b. 5% c. 30% d. 10%

https://eramenminerals.com/environmental-protection-and-enhancement-program-epep/

184. Which of the following is monosilicate not a classification slag material?

A. pentasilicate slag - Slag with high silica content, possibly from metallurgical processes.
B. monosilicate slag - Slag composed mainly of silica.
C. bisilicate slag - Slag containing two silica compounds.
D. subsilicate slag - Slag with lower silica content, less common in mining.

https://www.geokniga.org/bookfiles/geokniga-dictionaryofgeologyandmineralogy.pdf
https://www.cedengineering.com/userfiles/Basic%20Principles%20of%20Metallurgy%20and%20Metalworking%20R1.pdf
https://pubs.usgs.gov/bul/1445/report.pdf

185. It is the fusion stage wherein sodium carbonates and borax reacts with the acid?
A. 1st stage - Initial phase of a process, often involving preliminary steps such as crushing or grinding in mining operations.
B. 4th stage - Later phase in a sequence of operations, typically involving refining or final processing steps.
C. 3rd stage - Intermediate phase in a series of operations, may involve various treatment processes to prepare materials for further processing.
D. 2nd stage - Refers to a stage in a process where specific reactions occur, such as the fusion of sodium carbonates and borax with acid in
metallurgical processes like ore beneficiation or smelting.

https://pubs.usgs.gov/bul/1445/report.pdf
https://www.cedengineering.com/userfiles/Basic%20Principles%20of%20Metallurgy%20and%20Metalworking%20R1.pdf
https://www.911metallurgist.com/blog/fire-assay

186. Rougher tails goes to?

A. further grinding - Additional size reduction of material to enhance mineral liberation.
B. cleaner - Separation of valuable minerals from gangue in subsequent processing.
C. scavenger - Recovery of missed valuable minerals in later stages of processing.
D. classifier - Particle separation based on size or density, not directly related to processing rougher tails.

https://www.researchgate.net/publication/314502989_AN_OVERVIEW_OF_MINING_METHODS
https://pdfcoffee.com/introductory-mining-engineering-2nd-edition-by-hartman-9-pdf-free.html

187. All are principles of comminution except?

A. Rittinger's law - States energy for size reduction is proportional to particle size reduction.
B. Kick's Law - States energy for size reduction is proportional to reduction ratio.
C. Bond's Law - States energy for size reduction is proportional to surface area.
D. Griffith's Law - Not related to comminution, focuses on fracture mechanics.

https://www.researchgate.net/publication/314502989_AN_OVERVIEW_OF_MINING_METHODS
https://pdfcoffee.com/introductory-mining-engineering-2nd-edition-by-hartman-9-pdf-free.html

188. The following act as members of the Multipartite Monitoring Team except.
A. Representative from the community - Represents local community interests.
B. Representative from the affected ICC’s - Correct. Represents interests of affected indigenous communities.
C. Representative from the Contractor - Represents mining company or contractor.
D. Representative from the Regional Office - Represents regional government oversight.

https://eia.emb.gov.ph/wp-content/uploads/2022/08/Generic-MOO-Template.pdf

189. It assists the CLRF Steering Committee in the assessment of the claims for the for damages.
A. Regional Investigation and Assessment Team - Assesses damages claims for mining-related incidents at the regional level.
B. EIARC - Evaluates environmental impact assessments for mining projects.
C. Multi-partite Monitoring Team - Oversees mining activities and environmental compliance.
D. Mine Rehabilitation Fund Committee - Manages funds for mine rehabilitation, not involved in assessing damages claims.

https://eia.emb.gov.ph/wp-content/uploads/2022/08/Generic-MOO-Template.pdf

190. Tumbling theory states that the answer to proper grinding is to expose the material to?
A. chance repetitive blows -Tumbling theory emphasizes repetitive impacts for proper grinding.
B. continuous abrasion - Grinding involves impacts more than continuous abrasion.
C. high shear stress - Not emphasized in tumbling theory for grinding.
D. high impact ‘shatter’ collisions - Tumbling theory focuses on repetitive impacts rather than singular high-impact collisions.

http://faculty.tafreshu.ac.ir/file/download/course/1583681961-engineering-rock-mechanics-volume1.pdf
https://pdfcoffee.com/introductory-mining-engineering-2nd-edition-by-hartman-9-pdf-free.html
http://www.omsinc.org/tumble1.html

191. What epoch is synonymous with the ice age?

A. Eocene - Warm climate epoch, not related to the ice age.
B. Pliocene - Epoch before the ice age, mammalian evolution.
C. Miocene - Preceding epoch, mammal evolution, not ice age.
D. Pleistocene - Ice age epoch, marked by glaciations.

https://energyeducation.ca/encyclopedia/Geologic_epoch#:~:text=Geologic%20epochs%20are%20also%20referred,%22%2C%20or%20%22Lower%22.

192. When driving shear stress is exactly equal to the shear resistance, the body is said to be in a state of:

A. isostacy - Equilibrium between lithosphere and asthenosphere, not about shear stress.
B. normal condition - Indicates typical circumstances, not related to shear stress.
C. limiting equilibrium - State where shear stress equals shear resistance.
D. balanced condition - General term for equilibrium, not specific to shear stress.

https://www.britannica.com/science/shear-stress#:~:text=shear%20stress%2C%20force%20tending%20to,earth%20materials%20and%20to%20earthquakes.

193. All are possible source of C02 except.

A. oxidation of coal - Correct. Coal oxidation emits CO2.

B. acid water - Contaminated water, doesn't emit CO2.
C. decay of timber - Timber decay emits CO2 but not related to mining.
D. burning of flam lamp - Burns O2, emits CO2 but not significant in mining.

https://www.che-project.eu/news/main-sources-carbon-dioxide-emissions

194. The chemical formula of a chemical grade chromite as being mined by open pit is:
a. Cr04 b. Cr203 c. Cr – Fe d. Fe – Cr

https://www.energymining.sa.gov.au/industry/minerals-and-mining/mineral-commodities/chromite#:~:text=It%20has%20the%20chemical%20formula,less
%20than%20the%20theoretical%2068%25.

195. Which of the following mineral is exhibiting a characteristic of either green or greenish outcrop?
A. silver
B. nickel
C. uranium
D. all of these
https://www.thoughtco.com/green-minerals-examples-1440940

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QT 7

MINING ENGINEERING III

1. The desired product of fusion in fire assaying.

3. Commonly desired weight of lead button.

7. Based on a short ton, 1 assay ton is equivalent to grams.

16. In problem no. 15, determine the tonnage of cyclone underflow.

A. Orthographic - Represents 3D objects in 2D using orthogonal projections.

24. It is the formation of planes of separation in the rock material.

32. In what tectonic setting did the Philippines form?

33. Which of these rocks has the highest amount of quartz?

34. It is the geometric arrangement of crystals.

37. Which is not a wall rock alteration?

38. The most stable mineral at the surface of the earth

39. Which sedimentary environment will you classify alluvial fans?

42. Also known as expandable clay.

46. Fusion is carried out at ____ temperature.

49. Cupellation temperature ranges from ______.

54. A crystal habit resembling a bunch of grapes.

35. Property of minerals to break along planes of structural weakness

57. Selenite is a crystalline variety of the mineral _____.

58. Alabaster is a ______.

59. A mineral occurring as an aggregate of rounded pellets is _____.

60. The tendency of a mineral to break in well-defined directions is called ______.

66. Also known as mantle sequence

67. The following are varieties of corundum except for

76. The vertical component of dip separation.

77. A lava that has a smooth, billowy surface.

79. A continental crust with a thickness of 30-80 km.

80. Fumaroles play an important role in the formation of _______ minerals.

82. The host rock of diamond is a pipelike intrusion of

83. Fire assaying is considered _____ method.

86. The cash fund needed by the contractor in mine rehabilitation.

92. According to DAO 35, what is the maximum rise in temperature?

97. What is the pH limit of the effluent according to DAO 35?

101. In what tectonic setting did the Philippines form?

102. Which of these rocks has the highest amount of quartz?

104. The most stable mineral at the surface of the earth

109. Which sedimentary environment will you classify alluvial fans?

113. The cupel is made up of what material?

115. The common lixiviants/leaching agent used for oxide minerals

A. Filling - Material deposited within a fracture or fault.

121. Chemical control order for mercury and mercury compound.

124. Gossans are weathering derivatives of _______

125. ________ is a map that places rocks in their presumed positions.

126. Micro breccia that maintained its coherence during deformation.

130. Reefs are sometimes reservoirs of oil because of their _______.

133. Era at which first terrestrial plants and animals appeared.

134. Carboniferous period is under what era?

135. Hydrothermal deposit formed under 50-200C and moderate temperature

139. Which of the following is the deposit form of a Besshi-type deposit?

141. This process involves selective dissolution of Gold using cyanide.

149. Lodging of FMRDP Fund is based on

150. What will happen if 2 oceanic plate will converge?

151. What is the longest trench in the Philippines?

152. Philippine fault is what type of fault?

153. What is the classification of Pluto?

155. Liquid iron nickel layer of the Earth

157. What is the chemical formula of ilminite?

158. Period when modern man appeared

159. Underground mining method used by small-scale miners.

A. Industrial water - Water used in industrial processes or activities.

170. What is the deepest mine in the world?

171. Where is the deepest mine in the world located?

172. Where is the largest open pit mine located?

173. What is the largest tectonic plate?

175. Chemical control order for Mercury and Mercury Compounds

A. DAO 97-38 - Governmental directive regulating mercury use in mining.

178. One of the reasons for conducting roasting

184. Which of the following is monosilicate not a classification slag material?

186. Rougher tails goes to?

187. All are principles of comminution except?

191. What epoch is synonymous with the ice age?

193. All are possible source of C02 except.

A. oxidation of coal - Correct. Coal oxidation emits CO2.

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