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ENGMEC2 Problem Set 2

The document discusses 4 problems related to kinetics of particles. For problem 3, the group modified the length of the pendulum to see the effect on velocity. Doubling the length doubled the velocity of the trolley. For problem 4, the group halved the given speed and found the required friction is less.

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ArchRussellGonzales
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165 views

ENGMEC2 Problem Set 2

The document discusses 4 problems related to kinetics of particles. For problem 3, the group modified the length of the pendulum to see the effect on velocity. Doubling the length doubled the velocity of the trolley. For problem 4, the group halved the given speed and found the required friction is less.

Uploaded by

ArchRussellGonzales
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Gokongwei College of Engineering

Civil Engineering Department

ENGMEC2 Term 2 A.Y. 2021 - 2022

Problem Set #2
Kinetics of Particles (Rectilinear and Curvilinear Motion)

Submitted By:
Group 2 (EW)
Group Members
Cordova, Patrick Miel G.
Estacio, Patrick Ryan M.
Gonzales, Arch Russell E.
Magno, Angello Francis C.
Saludo, Paolo Anthony T.

Submitted To:
Dr. Marla Maniquiz - Redillas

Submitted on:

May 16, 2022


1. At time t = 0, the velocity of cylinder A is 0.3 m/s down. By the methods of this article,
determine the velocity of cylinder B at time t = 2 s. Assume no mechanical interference
and neglect all friction.

Group Discussion: Mass of Block B will be modified. Block B = 12kg


We can arrive at a conclusion that if block B is heavier or has a greater mass, its velocity
will decrease
2. With the blocks initially at rest, the force P is increased slowly from zero to 60 lb. Plot the
accelerations of both masses as functions of P.
Group Discussion:
In this particular item, the group was very curious on what would be the possible
implications if the box at the top, denoted as “Box A” is heavier than the box underneath
(Box B). Therefore, it was decided by the group to alter the corresponding parameters:

a) The weight of block A which was set to 160 lbf


b) The weight of block B which was set to 80 lbf
c) the domain of P which was set to 0 to 80lbf
Since the adjustment that was made on the second solution presented for this particular
problem was to increase the overall weight of blocks A and B, as well as to inspect if there
is any significant implication if the weight of block A is greater than block B, it could be
observed that the domains of the piecewise function on the second solution is wider than
the original solution. Therefore, it could be deduced that the object now requires a larger
force in order to be moved. Furthermore, it could be observed that the behavior of the
acceleration vs load P graph in both solutions (solution to the original problem vs with
altered parameters) is very similar. Now to answer if there is any significant implications if
block A is bigger/heavier than block B, based on the acceleration vs load P graph, it
doesn’t have a consequential impact at all.
3. The simple pendulum A of mass mA and length l is suspended from the trolley B of mass
mB. If the system is released from rest at θ = 0, determine the velocity vB of the trolley
when θ = 90°. Friction is negligible.
Group Discussion:

For this item, the group modified the length l of the pendulum and decided to quadruple it
(Use 4l instead of l). This aims to identify the effect of length l to the velocity vB of the
trolley.

Conservation of Momentum:

ΣFx= 0

𝑚𝐵𝑣𝐵 − 𝑚𝐴𝑣𝐴 = 0

𝑚𝐵𝑣𝐵
𝑣𝐴 = 𝑚𝐴
(eqn. 1)

Conservation of Energy:

𝑇1 + 𝑉1 = 𝑇2 + 𝑉2

1 2 2
2
(𝑚𝐴𝑣𝐴 + 𝑚𝐵𝑣𝐵) + (− 𝑚𝐴𝑔)(4𝑙) = 0

1 2 2
𝑚𝐴𝑔𝑙 = 8
(𝑚𝐴𝑣𝐴 + 𝑚𝐵𝑣𝐵) (eqn. 2)

Substituting eqn. 1 into eqn. 2,

2
𝑚𝐴𝑔𝑙 =
1
8
⎡
⎢𝑚
⎢ 𝐴
⎣
( ) 𝑚𝐵𝑣𝐵
𝑚𝐴
2⎤
+ 𝑚𝐵𝑣𝐵⎥
⎥
⎦
2 2

𝑚𝐴𝑔𝑙 =
𝑚𝐴
8 ( )
𝑚𝐵𝑣𝐵
𝑚𝐴
+
𝑚𝐵𝑣𝐵
8

8
Multiplying both sides by 𝑚𝐴
,

2 2

8𝑔𝑙 = ( )
𝑚𝐵𝑣𝐵
𝑚𝐴
+
𝑚𝐵𝑣𝐵
𝑚𝐴

2
8𝑔𝑙 = (𝑣𝐵)
2
( )(
𝑚𝐵
𝑚𝐴
1+
𝑚𝐴
𝑚𝐵 )
𝑚𝐴
Dividing both sides by 1 + 𝑚𝐵
,
2
8𝑔𝑙
𝑚
1+ 𝑚𝐴
𝐵
= (𝑣𝐵)
2
( )
𝑚𝐵
𝑚𝐴

2
Dividing both sides by ( )
𝑚𝐵
𝑚𝐴

8𝑔𝑙
𝑚
𝐴
1+ 𝑚 2
𝐵
2 = 𝑣𝐵
( )
𝑚𝐵
𝑚𝐴

Getting the square root of both sides,

𝑣𝐵 = ( )
2𝑚𝐴
𝑚𝐵
2𝑔𝑙
𝑚
1+ 𝑚𝐴
𝐵

Comparing the results obtained from the modified and the original problem, multiplying
the length l of the pendulum by 4 will double the velocity vB of the trolley.
4. A 1200 kg car rounds a curve of radius 67 m banked at an angle of 12°. If the car is
traveling at 95 km/h, will a friction force be required? If so, how much and in what
direction?
Group Discussion:

For this item, the group has decided to modify the given speed. The group has chosen to
use half the original value given. The questions from the problem set will remain the same:
what is the magnitude and direction of the force, if it is still needed?

𝑘𝑚 1ℎ𝑟 𝑥 1000𝑚 𝑚
47. 5 ℎ𝑟
𝑥 3600𝑠 𝑥 1𝑘𝑚
= 13. 19 𝑠

Is frictional force required?

Centripetal Force (Fc)


2
𝑚𝑣
𝐹𝑐 = 𝑟
2
(1200𝑘𝑔)(12.5𝑚/𝑠 )
𝐹𝑐 = 67𝑚
𝐹𝑐 = 2798. 507 𝑁

Component of FN
𝑚𝑔
𝐹𝑁 = ( 𝑐𝑜𝑠Θ )(𝑠𝑖𝑛Θ)
(1200𝑘𝑔)(9.81𝑚/𝑠)
𝐹𝑁 = ( 𝑐𝑜𝑠12
)(𝑠𝑖𝑛12)
𝐹𝑁 = 2502. 22 𝑁

Since 𝐹𝑐 > 𝐹𝑁, Frictional Force is required.

Magnitude and Direction of Force


2
𝑚𝑣
Σ𝐹𝑥 = 𝑟
Σ𝐹𝑥 = 𝑁𝑠𝑖𝑛Θ + 𝑓𝑐𝑜𝑠Θ
𝑓𝑠𝑖𝑛Θ+𝑚𝑔
Σ𝐹𝑦 = 𝑐𝑜𝑠Θ

2
𝑚𝑣 −𝑚𝑔𝑡𝑎𝑛Θ
𝑓= 𝑠𝑖𝑛Θ𝑡𝑎𝑛Θ+𝑐𝑜𝑠Θ
2
(1200𝑘𝑔)(12.5𝑚/𝑠) 2
67𝑚
−(1200𝑘𝑔)(9.81𝑚/𝑠 )(𝑡𝑎𝑛12)
𝑓= (𝑠𝑖𝑛12)(𝑡𝑎𝑛12)+𝑐𝑜𝑠(12)
𝑓 = 600. 36 𝑁 𝐷𝑖𝑟𝑒𝑐𝑡𝑒𝑑 𝐷𝑜𝑤𝑛𝑤𝑎𝑟𝑑

After careful analysis, it is observed that reducing the velocity of the vehicle to half its
value will require less magnitude of the friction force in order to keep the vehicle on the
banking curve. This would mean that they have a direct relationship.

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