FLUID MECHANICS III

GROUP ASSIGNMENT

SURNAME AND INITIALS STUDENT NUMBER

SEYAGODIMO A.G 214624753
NKABINDE SM 214152711
SIBIYA NE 215226417
MATHEBULA D 214350050
SIBISI LT 215157733
1.
Steel pipe diameter = 400mm
Flow rate (Q) = 0,38 m3/s
Kinematics viscosity of water (v) = 10-6 m2/s
According to the surface roughness table (E ) =0,045mm

Q 0 ,38
The average flow velocity (v) = = 2 = 3,024 m/s
A 0 ,25 π (0.4)

Vd 3,024 ×0 , 4
The Reynolds number (Re) = = −6 = 1209 600 = 1,2×106
v 10
0,045 mm
Relative roughness ( E /d ¿ = = 0,00011
400 mm

A=¿ ¿
16
1
=[2,457 ln 6 0 ,9
]
(7/1 , 2× 10 ) +(0 ,27)(0,00011)

= 1.5519×1022

B= ¿
16
37530
=( 6
)
1 ,2 ×10
= 3.8162×10-25

f = 2¿ ¿

( )
1
8 1
= 2[ 6
+ 22 −25 1 , 5
] 12
1 ,2 ×10 (1,5519 ×10 +3,8162× 10 )

= 0.003372

2.a
Diameter of galvanized pipe = 50 mm
According to the roughness table (ε ) = 0,15 mm
Valve loss coefficient (k) = 0,4
Sharp inlet loss coefficient (k) = 0,5
Length of the pipe (L) = 3m &100m

E 0 ,15 mm
Relative roughness ( ) = = 0,003
d 50 mm

Assume the friction factor (f) is 0,008

Using the length of 100m

2 2
P1 V 1 P2 V 2
+ + Z 1 = + + Z 2 + ∑ hl
ρg 2 g ρg 2 g

2
2 2 2
V2 0.4 V 2 0.5V 2 4 × 0.008 ×3
0+ 0+6=0+ +0+ + +
2× 9.81 2 × 9.81 2× 9.81 2 ×9.81 × 0.05
2
V2
6= ( 3.82 )
19.62

V 2=5.551 m/s

ρVd 1000 ×5.551 ×0.05 5

Re = = =2.762 ×1 0
μ 1.005 ×1 0
−3

From the moody diagram f is 0.007 from equation 1

[ ]
2
V 2 4 × 0.007× 3
6= 1+ 0.4+ 0.5+
2g 0.05
2
V2
6= [ 3.58 ] V 22=32.883 V 2=5.73 m/ s
2g
2 3
Q= AV =0.25 π × 0.05 ×5.73=0.0113 m / s

2b.
2 2
P1 V 1 P2 V 2
+ + Z 1 = + + Z 2 + ∑ hl
ρg 2 g ρg 2 g
2 2 2
V2 0.4 V 2 0.5V 2 4 ×0.008 ×100
0+ 0+6=0+ +0+ + +
2× 9.81 2 × 9.81 2× 9.81 2× 9.81× 0.05
2
V2
6= ( 65.9 )
19.62

V 2=1.34 m/s

ρVd
Re =
μ
1000× 1.34 ×0.05
−6
1000 ×1 0
5
¿ 6.7 ×10
f =0.0065 from moody diagram
2 2 2
V2 0.4 V 2 0.5 V 2 4 × 0.0065 ×100
6= + + +
2 × 9.81 2 ×9.81 2 × 9.81 2 ×9.81 × 0.05
V 2=1.478 m/ s
Q=VA

3
Q= (1.478 ) ( π4 ( 0.05) )
2

3
Q=0.002902m / s

3.

Pressure head verses flow rate

80

70

60

50
(m)
Head-Pump
40 Head-Sys (m)
30

20

10

0
0 0.05 0.1 0.15 0.2 0.25 0.3 0.35
Q(m3/s)

4.

f=0.006
2
π ×0. 1
2 −3 2
H sys =H STAT + k Q A= =7.854 ×1 0 m
4
2 2
Q fL Q
H sys =15+ 2
+ 5
2 g A 3.03 d
2
Q
H sys =15+
2× 9.81× ¿ ¿
2
H sys =15+15677.75 Q

Q(m) 0 0.01 0.02 0.03 0.04

Hpump(m) 33 31 28.2 24.5 19.5
Hsys(m) 15 16.6 21.3 29.1 40

4
Pressure Head vs Flow Rate
45
40
35
30
25
head (m)

Pump
20 System
15
10
5
0
0 0.005 0.01 0.015 0.02 0.025 0.03 0.035 0.04 0.045
Flow Rate Q (m^3/s)

3
h w =26 mQ w =0.0265 m /s

5.
2
H sys =35+16000 Q
Q(m3/s) 0 0.01 0.02 0.03 0.04
Hpump (m) 39 38 34 25.5
Hsys (m) 35 36.6 41.4 49.4 60.6

Chart Title
70

60

50

40 H-pump
Axis Title H-sys
30

20

10

0
0 0.005 0.01 0.015 0.02 0.025 0.03 0.035 0.04 0.045
Axis Title

3
Qw =0.0125 m /s h w =38.5 m

5
6.
Q¿ =VA

π
¿ 2.8 × ¿
4
−3 3
¿ 49.48 × 10 m / s

h f 1=h f 2
2
(0.008)(50) Q1
3.03 ¿ ¿
2 2
55630.25 Q1=39273.93 Q2
235.86 Q1=198.18 Q2
1.19 Q1=Q2
Q¿ =Q1 +Q2
−3
49.48 × 10 =Q1 +1.19 Q1
3
Q1=0.0226 m / s
Q2=1.19 ( 0.0226 )
¿ 0.0269 m3 /s

b
2
F 1 L1 Q 1
hl = 5
3.03 d
¿ ( 0.008 ) ¿ ¿
¿ 28.44 m
250 ×10
3
PB
+5= +28.44
(1000)(9.81) (1000)(9.81)
PB =220 kPa

7.

3 Qt 0.0985 3
Qt =0.0985 m /s Q pipe = = =0.0328 m /s
3 3
fL Q pipe 0.007 × ( 2.8 × 10 3 ) × 0.032 82
2
hf = 5
= 5
=21.747 m
3.03 ×d 3.03 ×0. 2
345−21.747
ηp ×100=93.7 %
345
H P=H−H f =345−21.7475=323 m
P= ρgQ h P=( 1 03 ) ( 9.81 )( 0.0985 )( 323.25 ) =312.35 kW

6
8.

3.5m

K=0.4 f=0.01 d=0.025m L=6m

2
π ×2 2
A= =3.14 m
4

T= 2
πd √
8 A 1.5+ ∑ K 4 fL
2g
+
2 gd
× [ √ H 1− √ H 2 ]

T=
8
0.025 2
√
1.5+ 1.2
2g
+
4 ×0.01 ×6
2× 9.81 ×0.025
× [ √ 3.5−√ 0 ]=18960.38 s

9.

d=0.05m
D=1.8m
∑ K =1.5 + 2.5 = 4
2 2
π × D π × 1. 8 2
A1 = A 2 ¿ = =2.545 m
4 4
8A A
T= 2 1 2 ×
π d ( A1 + A2 )√ ∑ K + 4 fL × [ √ H −√ H ]
2 g 2 gd 1 2

7
√
2
8× ( 2.545 ) 4 4 ×0.006 × 600
T= 2
× + × [ √ 3−√ 0 ]
π × 0.05 × 2× 2.545 2× 9.81 2× 9.81 ×0.05
T =1296.157857 ×3.85782 × √ 3=8660.849 s