Scribd
Upload
84 views

Le4 Lecture

This document contains 10 thermodynamics problems related to topics like heat transfer, entropy changes, efficiency of heat engines, and heat sources/reservoirs. It provides calculations to determine final temperatures, entropy changes, efficiency, heat transfer rates, and fuel needs. The problems involve concepts like quenching, vapor pressure, mixing of gases, Carnot engines, heat generation in nuclear plants, and multi-stage heat engines.

Uploaded by

Ash Ketchap
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
84 views

Le4 Lecture

This document contains 10 thermodynamics problems related to topics like heat transfer, entropy changes, efficiency of heat engines, and heat sources/reservoirs. It provides calculations to determine final temperatures, entropy changes, efficiency, heat transfer rates, and fuel needs. The problems involve concepts like quenching, vapor pressure, mixing of gases, Carnot engines, heat generation in nuclear plants, and multi-stage heat engines.

Uploaded by

Ash Ketchap
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
You are on page 1/ 1

ADAMSON UNIVERSITY

Chemical Engineering Department


Chemical Engineering Thermodynamics
Handouts 4

1. A 88 lb steel casting (CP=0.12 BTU/lb-R) at a temperature of 450˚F is quenched in 150kg of oil


(CP=0.598 BTU/lb-R) at 25˚C. If there are no heat losses,
a. What is the entropy change of the casting?
b. What is the change in entropy of the oil?
c. What is the entropy change of both considered together?

2. If the vapor pressure of liquid naphthalene is 10 torr at 85.8 and 40 torr at 119.3˚C, calculate the
normal boiling point and the entropy of vaporization at the boiling point.

3. A 2kg open calorimeter at 100˚C has a heat capacity of 4kJ/K. 100g of ice at a temperature of -
10˚C was placed inside the calorimeter. Calculate the following:
a. Final Temperature in ˚C
b. Entropy change of the calorimeter in cal/K
c. Entropy change of the ice in cal/K
d. Entropy change of the universe in cal/K

4. For a certain ideal monoatomic gas, calculate the change in entropy experienced by 3 lbmol of the
gas on being heated from 300 to 600˚F at
a. constant pressure
b. constant volume

5. Methane, initially at 300kPa and 600K, is compressed at the rate of 20m3/min in a hot environment
to a pressure of 500kPa. The details of the process are unknown, but it is estimated that the change
in entropy is 4.71233x10-4 kW/K. For methane:
Cp/R=1.702+9.081x10-3T-2.164x10-6T2
Determine the final temperature in ˚C.

6. For the isothermal mixing of gases, the formula of entropy of mixing is given by:
∆𝑆𝑚𝑖𝑥 = −𝑛 𝑇 𝑅 ∑ 𝑥𝑖 𝑙𝑛𝑥𝑖
Where ΔSmix is the entropy change upon mixing, nT is the TOTAL number of moles of gases upon
mixing, R is the universal gas constant whose value depends on the desired units, and x i is the mole
fraction of the gas upon mixing. In a given process, 2lbmol of hydrogen and 3lbmol of oxygen,
each at 4 atm and 300 K, are initially separated by a membrane. If the membrane is broken and the
gases diffuse and mix with each other, what is the total entropy of mixing in BTU/R if the gases
act ideally?

7. A Carnot engine receives 500kJ of heat per cycle from a high temperature heat reservoir at 652˚C
and rejects heat to a low temperature heat reservoir at 30˚C.
a. Determine the thermal efficiency of this cycle.
b. Determine the amount of heat rejected to the low temperature reservoir in kJ.

8. A nuclear power plant generates 800MW; the reactor temperature is 400˚C and a river with water
temperature of 30˚C is available.
a. What is the ideal rate at which heat must be discarded to the river in MW?
b. If the actual efficiency of the plant is 60% of the maximum, what is the temperature rise in ˚C
of the river if it has a flow of 160m3/s?

9. The designer of a new type of engine claims an output of 225 hp with a fuel that releases 19250
BTU/lb when burned. If the heat is supplied and rejected at average temperatures of 750 and 145˚F
respectively, estimate the lowest necessary amount of fuel for the rated output of the engine.

10. Two reversible heat engines are connected in series between a heat source and a cold body. Heat in
the amount of 400 BTU enters the first engine at 1000 R, and the heat discarded is used as input
heat to the second engine, which in turn rejects heat to a very cold reservoir at 400 R. If the two
engines have equal thermal efficiencies, calculate the temperature at which the heat discarded from
the first engine is transferred to the second engine, and the heat rejected to the cold reservoir.

You might also like