Science – Grade 9

Learner Activity Sheets

Quarter 4 – Week 6: Heat, Work and Energy
First Edition, 2021

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Development Team of the Learners’ Activity Sheets

Writer: Julie Ann P. Requirme

Regional Level Validators:

Edna E. Trinidad, EdD Jomel Montero
Christopher Christian S. Braza Cristina G. Ballesteros
Lanelyn C. Alonsagay Analou T. Demetria
AR A. Ranesis Amelita B. Ajoc
Lydia F. Lavares
Division Level Validators:
Jean B. Ramirez Jonas F. Saldia
Elvira D. Falcon KC M. Reyna
Josie G. Gemida Luna C. Munda
Stephen Laurence C. Rosales Ivy G. Hontalba
Anni Grace C. Macalalag Delia C. Pioco
Julie Ann P. Requirme Nanette L. Samson
Marie Lou S. Paler

Management Team:
Marilou B. Dedumo, PhD, CESO V, Schools Division Superintendent
Manuel O. Caberte, Asst. Schools Division Superintendent
Maria Dinah D. Abalos, PhD, CID Chief
Donald D. Orbillos, LR Manager
Jean B. Ramirez, Science Education Program Supervisor

_______________________________________________________________________________________________
Author: Julie Ann P. Requirme 1
School/Station: Banza National High School
Division: Butuan City
email address: [email protected]
WEEKLY LEARNING ACTIVITY SHEETS
Science 9, Quarter 4, Week 6

HEAT, WORK AND ENERGY

Name: __________________________________________ Section: ______________________

Most Essential Learning Competency:

Construct a model to demonstrate that heat can do work (S9FE-IVe-42).

Learning Objectives:
The learners shall be able to:
1. describe how heat is converted into work;
2. demonstrate how heat causes the internal energy of the water to increase;
3. differentiate spontaneous and non-spontaneous processes and
cite examples of spontaneous and non-spontaneous processes;
4. describe what is a heat pump; and
5. discuss how heat pumps (refrigerator and air conditioner) work.

Time Allotment: 5 hours

Key Concepts

• Heat and work are different ways of transferring energy from one object to another.
• Heat is the transfer of thermal energy between objects while work is the transfer of
mechanical energy between two objects.
• Mechanical energy is the energy that is possessed by an object due to its motion or due
to its position.
• Thermal Energy/Internal Energy of a substance is the sum of the potential energy and
kinetic energy of the bodies.
• When an object absorbs heat its temperature rises, the particles of the objects gain kinetic
energy and they move faster.
• When heat is transferred or removed from an object, the particles of the object losses
kinetic energy, and they move slower.
• Joule (J) is the SI unit for energy.
• Heat Pump is used to reverse process where work is required for the heat to flow from a
lower to a higher temperature. It is a device that allows heat to transfer from a cold
reservoir to a warmer one.
• Natural/Spontaneous Process is when heat flows normally from higher temperature to
lower temperature. It does not require any external energy to occur. Examples are drying
of leaves, spoilage of food and waterfalls.
• Non-spontaneous Process is when heat flows from lower to higher temperature, it needs
mechanical energy to happen. The work is provided by the motor of the heat pump.
Examples are breakage of egg, cooling of water and food cooking.

_______________________________________________________________________________________________
Author: Julie Ann P. Requirme 2
School/Station: Banza National High School
Division: Butuan City
email address: [email protected]
• The Refrigerator and Air Conditioner have five basic components: fluid refrigerant,
compressor; the condenser coils, evaporator coils and an expansion valve.
• Compressor is a motor which compresses a gas known as freon to a pressure of several
atmospheres. Freon is a refrigerant with relatively low boiling point.
• The Refrigerator Cooling Cycle follows the following mechanisms:
a. The compressor compresses the freon into a pressure of several atmospheres.
b. The gas is cooled to near room temperature which then condenses into liquid of
high pressure.
c. The liquid evaporates due to its low pressure and heat is absorbed from the
contents of the refrigerator.
d. The gas produced that has already absorbed heat goes back to the compressor
and then the cycle repeats.
• An Air Conditioning Unit is a heat pump used for home heating and cooling. It cools the
inside of the house and heats the outside. It takes heat from the air outside to warm the
inside. It follows the following mechanism:
a. Heat is absorbed by the evaporator coil. The warm air inside your house is
drawn in through a vent and blows over the cold evaporator coil.
b. Compressor raises the refrigerant temperature.
c. Heat is transferred outside.
d. Refrigerant gets cold; process repeats.

Activity 1. Heat and Internal Energy

Objectives:
1. describe how heat is converted into work and
2. demonstrate how heat causes the internal energy of the water to increase.

What you need:

Paper, ball pen

What to do:

1. Analyze the table below and answer the guide questions on a separate answer
sheet.
2. The data shows the temperature of water before boiling, while boiling and after boiling.
3. Compare the temperature of water before boiling, while boiling and after boiling.
Table 1. Temperature of Water before boiling, while boiling and after boiling.
Number of Temperature before Temperature while Temperature after
Trials boiling (°C) boiling (°C) boiling (°C)
1 35 100 100
2 37 100 100
3 38 100 100
(Adapted from Grade 9 Learner’s Science Module)

_______________________________________________________________________________________________
Author: Julie Ann P. Requirme 3
School/Station: Banza National High School
Division: Butuan City
email address: [email protected]
Guide Questions:

Q1. What is the temperature of water after boiling?

________________________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________________________
Q2. How do you describe the temperature of water before boiling, while boiling and
after boiling?
________________________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________________________
Q3. What does this increase in temperature indicate?
________________________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________________________
Q4. What have you observed with the water as you continue applying heat to it? Describe
the kinetic energy of the water molecules.
________________________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________________________
Q5. In boiling water, how heat is converted into work?
________________________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________________________

Scoring Rubric for Q2, Q3, Q4 and Q5

3 2 1
Explanations are Explanations are Explanations are
conceptually correct and conceptually correct and conceptually incorrect.
complete. incomplete.

Activity 2. Where Do I Belong?

Objectives:
Differentiate spontaneous and non-spontaneous processes and cite examples of
spontaneous and non-spontaneous processes.

What you need:

Paper, ball pen

What to do:

1. Study the illustrations given on the next page.

2. From the illustration, distinguish the process as spontaneous or non-spontaneous
process.

_______________________________________________________________________________________________
Author: Julie Ann P. Requirme 4
School/Station: Banza National High School
Division: Butuan City
email address: [email protected]
drying of leaves Breakage of an egg Cooling of water

Waterfall Spoilage of food food cooking

©depositphotos.com

Figure 1. Examples of Spontaneous and Non-spontaneous Process

Guide Questions:

Q1. What examples are spontaneous processes?

________________________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________________________
Q2. What examples are non-spontaneous processes?
________________________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________________________
Q3. What examples that need work to reverse the process?
________________________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________________________
Q4. How can we reverse the process of heating water?
________________________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________________________
Q5. How can we delay the process of keeping the food fresh from spoilage?
________________________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________________________
Q6. What is needed to reverse the process?
________________________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________________________
Q7. How can you distinguish spontaneous and non-spontaneous processes?
________________________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________________________

_______________________________________________________________________________________________
Author: Julie Ann P. Requirme 5
School/Station: Banza National High School
Division: Butuan City
email address: [email protected]
Scoring Rubric for Q4, Q5, Q6 and Q7
3 2 1
Explanations are Explanations are Explanations are
conceptually correct and conceptually correct and conceptually incorrect.
complete. incomplete.

Activity 3. The Reverse of It

Objectives:
1. describe heat pump; and
2. discuss how heat pumps (refrigerator and air conditioner) work.

What you need:

Paper, ball pen

What to do:

A. Use the words in the box below to fill in the blanks in each paragraph that follows.
reverse work device pumps compressor
temperature pressure evaporates gas cycle
inside absorbed blows refrigerant repeats

Heat Pumps are used to _________a process where _______ is required for the heat to
flow from a lower to a higher temperature. It is a __________ that allows heat to transfer from
a cold reservoir to a warmer one.
Heat ________ work on the refrigerator and air conditioner at home. During, the
Refrigerator Cooling Cycle, the _______ compresses the freon into a pressure of several
atmospheres. The gas is cooled to near room _______ which then condenses into liquid of
high _______. The liquid _______ due to its low pressure and heat is absorbed from the
contents of the refrigerator. The _______ produced that has already absorbed heat goes back
to the compressor and then the _________ repeats.
Air Conditioning Unit is a heat pump used for home heating and cooling. It cools the
_______ of the house and heats the outside. It takes heat from the air outside to warm the
inside. During the cooling cycle, heat is _______ by the evaporator coil. The warm air inside
your house is drawn in through a vent and _______ over the cold evaporator coil. The
compressor raises the refrigerant temperature. Heat is transferred outside and _______ gets
cold; process _______.

Guide Questions:

Q1. How does a refrigerator work?

________________________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________________________
Q2. How does a condenser function?
________________________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________________________

_______________________________________________________________________________________________
Author: Julie Ann P. Requirme 6
School/Station: Banza National High School
Division: Butuan City
email address: [email protected]
Q3. When does the cycle repeat?
________________________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________________________
Q4. How does air conditioner work?
________________________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________________________
Q5. What is the function of an air conditioning unit?
________________________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________________________
Q6. What is needed to transfer heat in this device?
________________________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________________________

Scoring Rubric for Q1 to Q6

3 2 1
Explanations are Explanations are Explanations are
conceptually correct and conceptually correct and conceptually incorrect.
complete. incomplete.

Reflection

Direction: Write your 5-sentence answer in a separate sheet of paper.

Heat is one of the leading weather-related killers in the Philippines, resulting in thousands
of fatalities each year and even more heat-related illnesses. In extreme heat, your body works extra
hard to maintain a normal temperature, if you are under an extreme heat what are the things you
can take to keep yourself safe?

Rubrics for Scoring the Reflection:

Points Description
Practical application is scientifically explained consistent to the concepts, and
3
has no misconception.
Practical application is scientifically explained consistent to the concepts, but
2
with minimal misconception.
Practical application is explained consistent to the concepts, but with
1
misconceptions.
0 No discussion.

_______________________________________________________________________________________________
Author: Julie Ann P. Requirme 7
School/Station: Banza National High School
Division: Butuan City
email address: [email protected]
email address: [email protected]
Division: Butuan City
School/Station: Banza National High School
Author: Julie Ann P. Requirme 8
_______________________________________________________________________________________________
Activity 1
Q1. 100°C
Q2. The temperature is lower than 100°C before it is boiled, 100°C when it was boiling and after it has boiled.
Q3. It means an increase in internal energy of the water.
Q4. As you continue applying heat to the water, the water absorbs heat and its temperature rises. The water molecules
gain kinetic energy and they move faster.
Q5. In boiling of water, increasing the kinetic energy of the water molecules causes movement that can be turned into
work.
Activity 2
Q1. Spontaneous processes are drying of leaves, spoilage of food and waterfalls.
Q2. Non-spontaneous processes are breakage of egg, cooling of water and food cooking.
Q3. drying of leaves, spoilage of food and waterfalls
Q4. By using stove
Q5. By using refrigerator
Q6. An application of work or using motor or a heat pump.
Q7. Spontaneous Process is when heat flows normally from higher temperature to lower temperature. It does not require
any external energy to occur. Non-spontaneous Process is when heat flows from lower to higher temperature, it needs
mechanical energy to happen. The work is provided by the motor of the heat pump.
Activity 3
Heat Pumps are used to reverse process where work is required for the heat to flow from a lower to a higher
temperature. It is a device that allows heat to transfer from a cold reservoir to a warmer one.
Heat pumps work on the refrigerator and air conditioner at home. During, the Refrigerator Cooling Cycle, the compressor
compresses the freon into a pressure of several atmospheres. The gas is cooled to near room temperature which then
condenses into liquid of high pressure. The liquid evaporates due to its low pressure and heat is absorbed from the contents
of the refrigerator. The gas produced that has already absorbed heat goes back to the compressor and then the cycle
repeats.
Air Conditioning Unit is a heat pump used for home heating and cooling. It cools the inside of the house and heats the
outside. It takes heat from the air outside to warm the inside. During the cooling cycle, heat is absorbed by the evaporator
coils. The warm air inside your house is drawn in through a vent and blows over the cold evaporator coil. The compressor
raises the refrigerant temperature. Heat is transferred outside and refrigerant gets cold; process repeats.
Q1. Work has to be done by the compressor to “suck” the colder gas from inside the refrigerator out, effectively forcing
energy to flow from a chamber of lower temperature to a warmer room outside.
Q2. The condenser turned the cooled gas to near room temperature which then condenses into liquid. This cool liquid
which has high pressure flows through a narrow tube connected to the evaporator.
Q3. The gas produced that has already absorbed heat goes back to the
compressor and then the cycle repeats.
Q4. An air conditioner cycle follows the following mechanisms: Heat is absorbed by the evaporator coil; the
warm air inside your house is drawn in through a vent and blows over the cold evaporator coil; compressor raises the
refrigerant temperature; heat is transferred outside; refrigerant gets cold; process repeats.
Q5. An Air Conditioning Unit is a heat pump used for home heating and cooling.
Q6. Mechanical energy is needed to transfer heat from a cold object to a warmer one.
Answer Key
refrigerator-work.
https://www.realsimple.com/food-recipes/tools-products/appliances/how-does
Sforza, Nicole. How Does a Refrigerator Work? Accessed on 19 September 2012. Retrieved at
conditioner-work.
July 2016. Retrieved at https://www.coolray.com/help-guides/how-does-an-air-
Coolray, Mr. Plumber and BriteBox Electrical. How does an Air Conditioner Work? Accessed on 5
Web Sources:
Module 9 Studio Graphics Corporation. pp 211-224.
Rosales, Marivic S., Delos Santos, Ma. Teresa B. First Edition. 2014. Science Learner’s
Marcaida, Judith F., Olarte, Ma. Regaele A., Osorio, Estrella C., Paningbatan, Digna C.,
Alvarez, Liza A., Angeles, Dave G., Apurada, Hernan L., Carmona, Ma. Pilar P., Lahorra, Oliver A.,
References