Secondary 3 (Set 2)

1. Find the number of even integers from 100 to 500 that are divisible by either 3 or 7.
A. 72
B. 75
C. 86
D. 95
E. 104
2. A rectangular land, 700 meters long and 1200 meters wide is to be divided between two
men in the ratio 5: 9. What is the area, in hectares, of the larger land?
A. 24
B. 30
C. 48
D. 54
E. 60
2
3. The slope of a line is 3 and passes through (3, −12). At what point on the 𝑥 − 𝑎𝑥𝑖𝑠 will
this line cross?
A. 18
B. 21
C. 24
D. 26
E. 31
4. A square with an area of 12 sq. units is inscribed in a circle. Find the area of the circle.
A. 14𝜋
B. 8√2𝜋
C. 12𝜋
D. 6𝜋

E. 2√3𝜋
5. A fair die numbered 1 to 6 is thrown twice. Determine the probability that both are
composite.
1
A. 9
1
B.
4
1
C. 2
4
D. 9
2
E. 3

6. If 𝑎 + √𝑏 = √32 + 10√7, where (𝑎, 𝑏) are integers, determine the value of 𝑎2 + 𝑏.

A. 12

B. 25 + √7
C. 32
D. 37

E. 32 + 10√7
7. What is the measure of the acute angle between the hour and minute hands of an analog
clock at 9: 47 𝑝𝑚?
A. 10.5°
B. 11°
C. 11.5°
D. 12°
E. 13°
8. If 2−𝑥 = 7, determine the value of 343 × 42𝑥−1
1
A. 28
1
B. 7

C. 1
D.4
E. 28
9. Find the area of a regular hexagon with side 5.
A. 35
B. 40

C. 20√3

D. 25√3
75√3
E.
2

10. On a certain test taken by children and adults, the average score of the children is 15
points while the average score of the adults is 25 points. If the average score of all children
and adults together is 22 points, what percentage of takers are adults?
A. 10%
B. 30%
C. 40%
D. 60%
E. 70%
11. How many positive divisors does 252 have?
12. A piece of cardboard is 6 𝑓𝑡 by 10 𝑓𝑡 in size. 240 equally-sized squares are to be cut
perfectly from the board without any wastage. What should be the area of each square in
square inches?
Answer: 36
Solution:
Note that 1 𝑓𝑡 = 12 𝑖𝑛
Hence the cardboard’s dimensions are
72 𝑖𝑛 × 120 𝑖𝑛 = 8640 𝑖𝑛2
8640 𝑖𝑛2
= 36 𝑖𝑛2 𝑝𝑒𝑟 𝑠𝑞𝑢𝑎𝑟𝑒
240 𝑠𝑞𝑢𝑎𝑟𝑒𝑠

13. Given that 𝑎 + 𝑏 = 8, 𝑎2 + 𝑏 2 = 44, determine the value of 𝑎3 + 𝑏 3 .

14. A regular icosahedron has 12 vertices and 30 edges. How many faces does it have?
Answer: 20
15. If yesterday was Sunday, then what day would it be 20232023 days from now?
16. How many ways can you arrange a group of 6 people on a circular table if two of them
do not wish to sit beside each other?
17. In a certain shop, 12 workers can finish 3 projects in 3 days. At the same rate, how
many workers are needed to finish 15 projects in 9 days?
18. Determine the sum of the reciprocals of the roots of 7𝑥 2 − 35𝑥 + 21 = 0
19. How many diagonals does a 14 − 𝑠𝑖𝑑𝑒𝑑 convex polygon have?
20. How many ways can we distribute 8 identical candies to 3 different kids if each kid
should have at least 1 candy?
5𝑛+7
21. How many integers 𝑛 would make 4𝑛+3 an integer?

22. A regular hexagon with an area of 12√3 is circumscribing a circle and at the same time
is inscribed in another circle. What is the difference in area between the two circles?
23. Suppose you randomly arrange four green balls, two orange balls, and three purple
balls in a single row. Determine the probability that all purple balls are right next to each
other.
25. Say three cards are drawn from a poker deck of 52 playing cards without replacement.
Find the probability of getting exactly two Jacks and a Queen.
Solutions

1. Find the number of even integers from 100 to 500 that are divisible by either 3 or 7.
A. 72
B. 75
C. 86
D. 95
E. 104
Answer: C
Solution:
Recall from 𝑝𝑟𝑜𝑏𝑙𝑒𝑚 22 last week:
𝐴 ∪ 𝐵 = 𝐴 + 𝐵 − (𝐴 ∩ 𝐵)
And (on side note portion):
m+n
+1
b
Where:
- m is the largest value in the set that is divisible by b
- n is the smallest value in the set that is divisible by b
Now, since they are even, we can say that they are all also divisible by 2. Hence we use 6
and 14 instead.
Hence
498 − 102
𝐴= + 1 = 67
6
490 − 112
𝐵= + 1 = 28
14
Note that the LCM of 6 𝑎𝑛𝑑 14 is 42.
462 − 126
𝐴∩𝐵 = +1=9
42
Now,
𝐴 ∪ 𝐵 = 67 + 28 − 9 = 86

2. A rectangular land, 700 meters long and 1200 meters wide is to be divided between two
men in the ratio 5: 9. What is the area, in hectares, of the larger land?
A. 24
B. 30
C. 48
D. 54
E. 60
Answer: D
Solution:
Note that 100,000 𝑠𝑞𝑢𝑎𝑟𝑒 𝑚𝑒𝑡𝑒𝑟𝑠 = 1 ℎ𝑒𝑐𝑡𝑎𝑟𝑒
𝑎𝑟𝑒𝑎 (ℎ𝑒𝑐𝑡𝑎𝑟𝑒𝑠) × 𝑙𝑎𝑟𝑔𝑒𝑟 𝑓𝑟𝑎𝑐𝑡𝑖𝑜𝑛
1 ℎ𝑎 9
700𝑚 × 1200𝑚 × × = 54 ℎ𝑎
10000𝑚2 9 + 5

2
3. The slope of a line is 3 and passes through (3, −12). At what point on the 𝑥 − 𝑎𝑥𝑖𝑠 will
this line cross?
A. 18
B. 21
C. 24
D. 26
E. 31
Answer: B
Solution:
∆𝑦 2
𝑠𝑙𝑜𝑝𝑒 = =
∆𝑥 3
For a point to cross the 𝑥 − 𝑎𝑥𝑖𝑠, 𝑦 must be 0. Hence
𝑦 + ∆𝑦 = 0
−12 + ∆𝑦 = 0
∆𝑦 = 12
Now,
12 2
𝑠𝑙𝑜𝑝𝑒 = =
∆𝑥 3
∆𝑥 = 18
Hence
𝑥 + ∆x = 3 + 18 = 21
Side note:
∆𝑦
For clearer definition, for a given point (𝑥, 𝑦) and slope ∆𝑥, all points on the line can be
expressed as (𝑥 + ∆𝑥, 𝑦 + ∆𝑦).
Alternatively, it is also feasible to find the equation of the line using
𝑦 − 𝑦1 = 𝑚(𝑥 − 𝑥1 )
Where
- 𝑚 is the slope
- (𝑥1 , 𝑦1 ) is the given point
After which, 𝑦 can be expressed as 0 to get 𝑥 = 21

4. A square with an area of 12 sq. units is inscribed in a circle. Find the area of the circle.
A. 14𝜋

B. 8√2𝜋
C. 12𝜋
D. 6𝜋

E. 2√3𝜋
Answer: D
Solution:
Note that for an inscribed square, the diagonal of the square corresponds to the diameter of
the circle.
𝐴𝑠𝑞𝑢𝑎𝑟𝑒 = 𝑆 2 = 12

𝑠 = 2√3

𝐷 = √𝑠 2 + 𝑠 2 = 2√6
For the radius,
𝐷
𝑟= = √6
2
Hence the area of the circle is
𝐴 = 𝜋𝑟 2 = 6𝜋
5. A fair die numbered 1 to 6 is thrown twice. Determine the probability that both are
composite.
1
A. 9
1
B. 4
1
C. 2
4
D. 9
2
E. 3

Answer: A
Solution:
A regular die from 1 to 6 has 2 composite numbers, 4 and 6. Hence the probability for a
composite is
2 1
=
6 3
For two composites, the probability is compounded to be
1 1 1
× =
3 3 9

6. If 𝑎 + √𝑏 = √32 + 10√7, where (𝑎, 𝑏) are integers, determine the value of 𝑎2 + 𝑏.

A. 12

B. 25 + √7
C. 32
D. 37

E. 32 + 10√7
Answer: C
Solution:
Since the radical on the left hand side is 7, can deduce 𝑏 = 7 as follows,

𝑎 + √7 = √32 + 10√7

With this, we reconstruct to derive a,

2
√(𝑎 + √7) = √32 + 10√7

√𝑎2 + 7 + 2𝑎√7 = √32 + 10√7

Since 𝑎 is an integer, we can deduce it as follows

𝑎2 + 7 = 32

2𝑎√7 = 10√7
For both equations, 𝑎 = 5
Hence
𝑎2 + 𝑏 = 52 + 7 = 32

7. What is the measure of the acute angle between the hour and minute hands of an analog
clock at 9: 47 𝑝𝑚?
A. 10.5°
B. 11°
C. 11.5°
D. 12°
E. 13°
Answer: C
Solution:
Recall from 𝑝𝑟𝑜𝑏𝑙𝑒𝑚 8 last week:
9 ℎ𝑜𝑢𝑟𝑠
360° × + 0.5° × 47 − 6° × 47 = 11.5°
12 ℎ𝑜𝑢𝑟𝑠

8. If 2−𝑥 = 7, determine the value of 343 × 42𝑥−1

1
A. 28
1
B. 7

C. 1
D.4
E. 28
Answer: A
Solution:
Recall from 𝑃𝑟𝑜𝑏𝑙𝑒𝑚 2 last week:
2−𝑥 = 7
1
2𝑥 =
7
Also,
42𝑥 24𝑥 (2𝑥 )4
42𝑥−1 = = =
4 4 4
Hence

1 4
(2𝑥 )4 (7) 1
343 × 42𝑥−1 = 343 × = 343 × =
4 4 28

9. Find the area of a regular hexagon with side 5.

A. 35
B. 40

C. 20√3

D. 25√3
75√3
E. 2

Answer: E
Solution:
Note that the area of a n-sided regular polygon given a side is given by
1 180°
𝐴 = 𝑛𝑎2 cot ( )
4 𝑛
With this, we have
1 180°
𝐴= × 6 × 52 × cot( )
4 6
Note that
180° 1 1
cot( ) = cot(30°) = = = √3
6 tan(30°) 1
√3
Hence we have
75√3
𝐴=
2
Side note:
This method proves effective for any 𝑛 − 𝑠𝑖𝑑𝑒𝑑 regular polygon. An alternative method for
the hexagon may be given by cutting the hexagon into six triangles. Each one touching the
center and one side of the hexagon. The triangles formed are equilateral triangles, whose
√3 2
area is given by 4
𝑠 which can be substituted to become

√3 75√3
6× × 52 =
4 2

10. On a certain test taken by children and adults, the average score of the children is 15
points while the average score of the adults is 25 points. If the average score of all children
and adults together is 22 points, what percentage of takers are adults?
A. 10%
B. 30%
C. 40%
D. 60%
E. 70%
Answer: E
Solution:
Recall from 𝑃𝑟𝑜𝑏𝑙𝑒𝑚 1 last week, an algebraic method was used. This week, an alternative
approach is given as follows:
25 − 15 = 10 𝑝𝑜𝑖𝑛𝑡 𝑑𝑖𝑓𝑓𝑒𝑟𝑒𝑛𝑐𝑒
Now, we express them as percentage in linear distance from the difference. Observe:
|𝑘𝑖𝑑𝑠 − 𝑎𝑣𝑒𝑟𝑎𝑔𝑒| |15 − 22|
𝐴𝑑𝑢𝑙𝑡𝑠 = = = 0.7 = 70%
𝑑𝑖𝑓𝑓𝑒𝑟𝑒𝑛𝑐𝑒 10
|𝑎𝑑𝑢𝑙𝑡𝑠 − 𝑎𝑣𝑒𝑟𝑎𝑔𝑒| |25 − 22|
𝑘𝑖𝑑𝑠 = = = 0.3 = 30%
𝑑𝑖𝑓𝑓𝑒𝑟𝑒𝑛𝑐𝑒 10

11. How many positive divisors does 252 have?

Answer: 18
Solution:
252 = 22 × 32 × 71
Taking each power, multiplying them gives us
(2 + 1)(2 + 1)(1 + 1) = 18
Side note:
The method above is rooted from the concept of the distributive property. To easily
understand this, let us make an example, take an integer, say expressible in 𝑎2 𝑏2 .
It’s factors should be 1, 𝑎, 𝑏, 𝑎𝑏, 𝑎2 , 𝑏2 , 𝑎2 𝑏, 𝑎𝑏2 , 𝑎2 𝑏2 .
Now, we take all the sum of all factors of 𝑎 and sum of all factors of 𝑏,
(𝑎0 + 𝑎1 + 𝑎2 ) 𝑎𝑛𝑑 (𝑏 0 + 𝑏1 + 𝑏 2 )
Multiplying, we have
(𝑎0 + 𝑎1 + 𝑎2 )(𝑏 0 + 𝑏1 + 𝑏 2 ) = 1 + 𝑎 + 𝑏 + 𝑎𝑏 + 𝑎2 + 𝑏 2 + 𝑎2 𝑏 + 𝑎𝑏 2 + 𝑎2 𝑏 2
Doing so, we are able to form all the factors of that number, as seen above. This method is
more commonly used in solving for sums of factors. For the problem above, the sum of all
its factors can be written to be distributed as
(20 + 21 + 22 )(30 + 31 + 32 )(70 + 71 )
But we are not concerned with the values of the digits, but rather how many there are, so
this simplifies to
3 × 3 × 2 = 18
Also note that the +1 early on the solution is due to considering 𝑛0 values. Which should
always be placed.

12. A piece of cardboard is 6 𝑓𝑡 by 10 𝑓𝑡 in size. 240 equally-sized squares are to be cut

perfectly from the board without any wastage. What should be the area of each square in
square inches?
Answer: 36
Solution:
Note that 1 𝑓𝑡 = 12 𝑖𝑛
Hence the cardboard’s dimensions are
72 𝑖𝑛 × 120 𝑖𝑛 = 8640 𝑖𝑛2
8640 𝑖𝑛2
= 36 𝑖𝑛2 𝑝𝑒𝑟 𝑠𝑞𝑢𝑎𝑟𝑒
240 𝑠𝑞𝑢𝑎𝑟𝑒𝑠

13. Given that 𝑎 + 𝑏 = 8, 𝑎2 + 𝑏 2 = 44, determine the value of 𝑎3 + 𝑏 3 .

Answer: 272
Solution:
To express into 𝑎3 + 𝑏 3 , we need 𝑎𝑏.
For that, we square the linear and subtract the square equation.
(𝑎 + 𝑏)2 = 82
𝑎2 + 2𝑎𝑏 + 𝑏 2 = 64
2𝑎𝑏 = 64 − 44
𝑎𝑏 = 10
Now, from the identity of the sum of two cubes,
𝑎3 + 𝑏 3 = (𝑎 + 𝑏)(𝑎2 − 𝑎𝑏 + 𝑏 2 )
𝑎3 + 𝑏 3 = (8)(44 − 10)
𝑎3 + 𝑏 3 = 272
Side note:
Another method would be to get the values of 𝑎 𝑎𝑛𝑑 𝑏 by quadratic equations. Observe:
𝑎 =8−𝑏
By substitution,
(8 − 𝑏)2 + 𝑏 2 = 44
2𝑏 2 − 16𝑏 + 20 = 0

Solving the quadratic, the values of both variables should be 4 − √6 𝑎𝑛𝑑 4 + √6. A
substitution then would be in order to find 𝑎3 + 𝑏3 .

14. A regular icosahedron has 12 vertices and 30 edges. How many faces does it have?
Answer: 20
Solution:
From Euler’s relationships, the face, edge and vertex of a polyhedron is related as
𝑉+𝐹 =𝐸+2
Hence we have
12 + 𝐹 = 30 + 2
𝐹 = 20
15. If yesterday was Sunday, then what day would it be 20232023 days from now?
Answer: Monday
Solution:
Recall 𝑃𝑟𝑜𝑏𝑙𝑒𝑚 7 from last week:
Today should be Monday, and there are 7 days in a week. Let 𝑎 be the number of days from
Monday:
𝑎 = 20232023 𝑚𝑜𝑑 7
Since 2023 is divisible by 7 (has a remainder of 0), then 2023 𝑚𝑜𝑑 7 ≡ 0 𝑚𝑜𝑑 7
𝑎 = 02023 𝑚𝑜𝑑 7
𝑎 = 0 𝑚𝑜𝑑 7
This implies 0 days from Monday, hence it will still be a Monday.

16. How many ways can you arrange a group of 6 people on a circular table if two of them
do not wish to sit beside each other?
Answer: 72
Solution:
The number of ways to arrange 𝑛 distinct objects in a circle is (𝑛 − 1)!
The number of ways to arrange 6 therefore is (6 − 1)! = 120
Now, there are 2! × (6 − 1 − 1)! = 48 ways for them to sit beside each other. The
additional −1 since the pair are treated as one entity, and × 2! representing the ways they
are arranged among themselves inside the entity. Now, the number of ways they are not
together should be:
𝑡𝑜𝑡𝑎𝑙 − 𝑡𝑜𝑔𝑒𝑡ℎ𝑒𝑟
Hence
120 − 48 = 72

17. In a certain shop, 12 workers can finish 3 projects in 3 days. At the same rate, how
many workers are needed to finish 15 projects in 9 days?
Answer: 20
Solution:
𝑝𝑟𝑜𝑗𝑒𝑐𝑡𝑠 𝑝𝑟𝑜𝑗𝑒𝑐𝑡𝑠
=
𝑤𝑜𝑟𝑘𝑒𝑟𝑠 × 𝑑𝑎𝑦𝑠 𝑤𝑜𝑟𝑘𝑒𝑟𝑠 × 𝑑𝑎𝑦𝑠
3 15
=
12 × 3 𝑤 × 9
3 × 9 × 𝑤 = 12 × 3 × 15
𝑤 = 20
Side note:
𝑝
The exact form 𝑤×𝑑 may not be followed to the last detail. Depending on some cases, there
may be 4 or more variables, likewise different parameters. With this, let us understand how
to arrange such variables. A prerequisite to this is the complete understanding of direct and
inverse relationships. Now, to derive such, pick a variable among the three (Projects,
workers, days). Say we start with days. Note that we can start with anything first.
𝐷𝑎𝑦𝑠
Now, identify how the other variables are related to the first. Like so
𝐷𝑎𝑦𝑠 → 𝑊𝑜𝑟𝑘𝑒𝑟𝑠 (𝑖𝑛𝑣𝑒𝑟𝑠𝑒𝑙𝑦)
𝐷𝑎𝑦𝑠 → 𝑃𝑟𝑜𝑗𝑒𝑐𝑡𝑠 (𝑑𝑖𝑟𝑒𝑐𝑡𝑙𝑦)
Now, if it is a direct, then it divides, if it is inverse, it multiplies. Our form will now be
𝐷𝑎𝑦𝑠 ÷ 𝑤𝑜𝑟𝑘𝑒𝑟𝑠 × 𝑝𝑟𝑜𝑗𝑒𝑐𝑡𝑠
Hence
𝐷1 × 𝑃1 𝐷2 × 𝑃2
=
𝑊1 𝑊2
Though different from the given solution above, will give the same answer. It is important
to note that incorrect arrangements will end up with erroneous results.

18. Determine the sum of the reciprocals of the roots of 7𝑥 2 − 35𝑥 + 21 = 0

5
Answer: 3

Solution:
Notice that the roots have a common factor of 7, we can thus simplify by a factor of 7.
𝑥 2 − 5𝑥 + 3 = 0
Let 𝑚 and 𝑛 be both roots of the equation.
𝑏
Now, for the form 𝑎𝑥 2 + 𝑏𝑥 + 𝑐 = 0, the sum of the roots can be expressed as − while the
𝑎
𝑐
product is 𝑎. Which gives us the following:

𝑏 −5
𝑚+𝑛 =− =− =5
𝑎 1
𝑐 3
𝑚𝑛 = = =3
𝑎 1
1 1
With these, we derive 𝑚 + 𝑛.

1 1 𝑚 𝑛
+ = +
𝑚 𝑛 𝑚𝑛 𝑚𝑛
1 1 𝑚+𝑛
+ =
𝑚 𝑚 𝑚𝑛
1 1 5
+ =
𝑚 𝑛 3

Side note:
𝑏 𝑐
The – 𝑎 are 𝑎 concepts are derived from the concept of the quadratic formula. Recall the
formula
−𝑏 ± √𝑏 2 − 4𝑎𝑐
2𝑎
Thus sum must then be
−𝑏 + √𝑏 2 − 4𝑎𝑐 −𝑏 − √𝑏 2 − 4𝑎𝑐 −2𝑏 𝑏
+ = =−
2𝑎 2𝑎 2𝑎 𝑎
Likewise the product should be

−𝑏 + √𝑏 2 − 4𝑎𝑐 −𝑏 − √𝑏 2 − 4𝑎𝑐 𝑏 2 − 𝑏 2 + 4𝑎𝑐 𝑐

( )( )= =
2𝑎 2𝑎 4𝑎2 𝑎

19. How many diagonals does a 14 − 𝑠𝑖𝑑𝑒𝑑 convex polygon have?

Answer: 77
Solution:
Recall 𝑃𝑟𝑜𝑏𝑙𝑒𝑚 17 from last week:
𝑛(𝑛 − 3)
𝑑=
2
14(14 − 3) 11
𝑑= = 14 × = 77
2 2

20. How many ways can we distribute 8 identical candies to 3 different kids if each kid
should have at least 1 candy?
Answer: 21
Solution:
Given the combination form
(𝑛 − 1)𝐶(𝑘 − 1)
Where 𝑟 is the number of elements and 𝑘 is the number of placeholders
7×6
(8 − 1)𝐶(3 − 1) = 7𝐶2 = = 21
1×2

5𝑛+7
21. How many integers 𝑛 would make 4𝑛+3 an integer?

Answer: 2
Solution:
Simplifying,
5𝑛 + 7 𝑛+4
=1+
4𝑛 + 3 4𝑛 + 3
Note that 𝑛 + 4 is generally less than 4𝑛 + 3 and for integers, the numerator is greater than
and a multiple of the denominator, numerator is 0, or the denominator is 1 or -1. Hence, for
this case, there are no positive values. Now we can equate them for this case as
𝑛+4
=0
4𝑛 + 3
𝑛 = −4
And
4𝑛 + 3 = 1, 𝑛𝑜𝑡 𝑖𝑛𝑡𝑒𝑔𝑒𝑟 𝑛
4𝑛 + 3 = −1
𝑛 = −1
Hence there are two integer values for 𝑛.

22. A regular hexagon with an area of 12√3 is circumscribing a circle and at the same time
is inscribed in another circle. What is the difference in area between the two circles?
Answer: 2𝜋
Solution:
The areas of polygon inscribed and circumscribed are expressed as follows
Inscribed polygon (polygon is inside)
1 360
𝐴 = 𝑛𝑟 2 sin ( )
2 𝑛
Circumscribed polygon (polygon is outside)
180
𝐴 = 𝑛𝑟 2 tan ( )
𝑛
Hence we have
1 360
𝐴 = 𝑛𝑟 2 sin ( )
2 𝑛
1
12√3 = (6)𝑟 2 sin(60)
2
𝑟1 = 2√2
And
180
𝐴 = 𝑛𝑟 2 tan ( )
𝑛
12√3 = 6𝑟 2 tan(30)

𝑟2 = √6
The area difference between both circles should thus be
𝜋𝑟12 − 𝜋𝑟22 = 2𝜋

23. Suppose you randomly arrange four green balls, two orange balls, and three purple
balls in a single row. Determine the probability that all purple balls are right next to each
other.
1
Answer: 12

Solution:
The total ways to arrange all of them is
(4 + 2 + 3)!
= 1260
4! 2! 3!
For the cases where the three balls are together, we treat them as one grouping instead of
three individual pieces
(4 + 2 + 1)!
= 105
4! 2! 1!
Hence the probability is
105 1
=
1260 12
𝑥 3 −𝑦 3 91 1 1 1 𝑥 2 +𝑦 2
24. Suppose = and + = ,find the value of .
𝑥 2 −𝑦 2 10 𝑥 𝑦 6 𝑥+𝑦

31
Answer: 10

Solution:
𝑥 3 − 𝑦 3 (𝑥 − 𝑦)(𝑥 2 + 𝑥𝑦 + 𝑦 2 ) 𝑥 2 + 𝑥𝑦 + 𝑦 2 91
= = =
𝑥2 − 𝑦2 (𝑥 − 𝑦)(𝑥 + 𝑦) 𝑥+𝑦 10
And
1 1 𝑦 𝑥 𝑥+𝑦 1
+ = + = =
𝑥 𝑦 𝑥𝑦 𝑥𝑦 𝑥𝑦 6
Inversing gives us
𝑥𝑦
=6
𝑥+𝑦
Subtracting both gives us
𝑥 2 + 𝑥𝑦 + 𝑦 2 𝑥𝑦 91
− = −6
𝑥+𝑦 𝑥 + 𝑦 10
𝑥 2 + 𝑦 2 31
=
𝑥+𝑦 10

25. Say three cards are drawn from a poker deck of 52 playing cards without replacement.
Find the probability of getting exactly two Jacks and a Queen.
6
Answer: 5525

Solution:
(4𝐶2)(4𝐶1) 6(4) 6
= =
(52𝐶3) 22100 5525