Course Description

This course provides the pre-service English teachers an examination of the process
of oral communications and the various forms of speech arts from public speaking
and group discussions to debate, oral interpretation, and dramatics. Therefore, they
will be able to demonstrate content knowledge and application of speech and
theater arts while using verbal and non-verbal communication forms and drawing
implications in teaching these language art forms to future students.
COMMUNICATION

 Communication is simply the act of transferring information

from one place, person or group to another. Every communication
involves (at least) one sender, a message and a recipient
COMMUNICATION

Communication is fundamental to the existence and survival of humans

as well as to an organization. It is a process of creating and sharing
ideas, information, views, facts, feelings, etc. among the people to reach
a
common understanding.
Elements of Speech Communication: The Audience

 At its simplest, communication consists of a speaker, a

message, and a receiver. Following this model, your speech
represents the message. Naturally, this makes you the
speaker. To whom you speak then, represents the receiver: in
this case, your audience. When looking at this most basic
model of communication, your audience represents one-third
of the communication equation, proving it is one of the three
most important elements to consider as you craft your speech.
Elements of Speech Communication

Noise and Interference

Noise and interference can block your audience’s ability to receive
your message.

Noise and interference can be both external or internal. It could

be your microphone feeding back through a speaker, causing
that ear-splitting high pitch squeal. You could be trying to talk
over an auditorium full of chatty high schoolers. Or you could be
giving a speech outdoors on a windy day and you’re barely able
to shout over the sound of the wind.
Elements of Speech Communication:

Appearance
You may have heard the phrase, “Dress to impress. ”
This couldn’t be more true when getting up to deliver a
speech. While some speech venues and settings might
be more casual, chances are, you should be dressed in
business attire.
Elements of Speech Communication:

Verbal Communication: Your Words and Ideas

The actual words that you say certainly influence your presentation. Make
sure that you rehearse often so that the words feel comfortable in your
mouth as you speak them aloud. Be on the lookout for phrases that might
trip you up or leave you tongue-tied. Practice your speech in front of
another person or small group of people: ask them if what you’re saying–
from the ideas to which you’re trying to get across to your phrasing, tone
and style–make sense to them.
Elements of Speech Communication:

Non-Verbal Communication: Your Body Language

Your non-verbal communication is equally as important as the words
you have to say. Your body stance and posture and your eye contact
(or lack thereof) can be crucial in making yourself relatable to your
audience. You’ll want to keep an assertive body posture: stand up
straight and maintain eye contact when you can (if you’re not reading
from prepared remarks). Be mindful of gesture: don’t overdo it, but
don’t stand there rigidly, either. Gesture and movement build visual
interest for your audience. If you’re able to get out from behind a
podium or lectern, do so.
LEVELS OF COMMUNICATION
1. Intra-Personal Communication

 It is the communication style which an individual communicate

within himself/herself. It is language use or thought, internal to the
communicator. This type of communication takes place every
moment that an individual lives.

 The individual becomes his or her own sender and receiver,

providing feedback to him or herself in an ongoing internal process.
The individual uses his/her brain waves as a channel; and the
outcomes are thoughts or ideas, sometimes decisions, and
sometimes actions or behaviors.
2. Inter-Personal Communication
 Interpersonal communication defines the interactions of two or
more people. The most significant setting for interpersonal
communication is direct face-to face communication between two
people.

Interpersonal communication is the process that individuals use to

communicate their ideas, thoughts, and feelings to another
individual. Interpersonal communication skills are learned behaviors
that can be improved through knowledge, practice, feedback, and
reflection.
Parts of the communication
The communication process has several
that enable the transmission of a
Here are the various
1.Sender: Thi i th perso tha i deliverin a
message to a
2.Message: This refers to the information that
sender is relaying to the
3.Channel of communication: This is the
sion or method of delivering the
4.Decoding: This is the interpretation of the
Decoding is performed by the

5.Receiver: The receiver is the person who is getting

receiving the
6. Feedback: In some instances, the receiver
have feedback or a response for the sender.
starts an
How does the communication process
In order to successfully communicate, it's important to
how the process works. Here are the seven steps in the
cation
1.The sender develops an idea to be
2.The sender encodes the
3.The sender selects the channel of communication that will
use
4.The message travels over the channel of
5.The message is received by the
6.The receiver decodes the
7.The receiver provides feedback, if
Tips for improving the communication

•Simplify your message: In order to ensure your message

properly understood, you should keep your language
and to the

•Know your audience: It's also important to consider the

dience that will receive your message as well as their
and
•Know your audience: It's also important to consider the audience
will receive your message as well as their needs and

•Be a good listener: As a communicator, it's important to actively

to what those around you are saying. This will ensure that
sending the right

•Ask questions: It's also important to ask good questions to keep

communication flowing. Make sure your questions are
and
Take the time to respond: When communicating, it's important
consider how you might reply to a person to ensure you know what
want to

•Consider your body language: If you're communicating through

different medium, it's important to be mindful of your body
Modes
In addition, be aware of theof
body language of the person you're
municating with, as

•Maintain eye contact: It's also important to make contact with

person or group you're communicating with. This will show
you're actively listening to who you're communicating

•Clarify your message if needed: If the recipient of your message

unclear about what you're trying to say, it's important to clarify
message. This will help them to better understand
Visu
The visual mode refers to the images
characters that people .

I i sometime possibl t fin

composition tha almost i no
completely, rely on a single mode.
instance, “No ”symbol
no alphabetic text and no sound.
many signs, it relies for its meaning
visual information. However, we
be able to say that the sign uses
spatial mode as well, since the
appears behind the red bar that
“n ”o “not ”So while
visual dominates in signs, even
composition is “purel ”visua
Aur
The aural mode is focused on sound including, but not limited to, music,
effects, ambient noises, silence, tone of voice in spoken language, volume
sound, emphasis, and [

An example of an aural mode— one that depends almost exclusively on sound

might be the recording of a public speech that is delivered orally to a live
a radio address, or a
Gestur
The gestural mode refers to the way movement is interpreted.
expressions, hand gestures, body language, and interaction
people are all gestural modes. This has always been important in face-
face conversations and in theater, but it has become more apparent on
web lately with the wide use of YouTube and other video players. The
tural mode works with linguistic, visual, aural, and sometimes even
modes in order to create more detail and communicate better to the reader
consumer of the gestural
Linguistic (or
The linguistic mode refers to written or spoken words. The mode includes
choice, the delivery of written or spoken text, the organization of words
sentences and paragraphs, and the development and coherence of words
ideas. Linguistic is not always the most important mode; this depends on the
modes at play in the text, the type of text, and other factors. Linguistic is
the most widely used mode because it can be both read and heard on both
or audio. The linguistic mode is the best way to express details and
Spati
The spatial mode, as the name implies, refers to the arrangement of elements
space. It involves the organization of items and the physical closeness
people and
A good example of the spatial mode might be the different ways in which
and desks are arranged in a
Here is a “traditional” classroom: Individual desks are arranged in orderly
facing the front of the room to make the teacher who would stand before
chalkboard the
PITCH

The pitch of a sound is how high or low it is. We produce high pitched
sounds when our vocal folds have a high-frequency vibration, and when
our vocal folds vibrate more slowly, the resulting sound is lower in pitch.

LENGTH
Another component of suprasegmental information is the length of
sounds. Some sounds are longer than others. Listen carefully to these
two words in English. beat, bead.