RLE ACTIVITY: Maternal and Child Health Nursing

(BSN 2-2: GROUP 2 ASTHMA)

Presented by:

Dee, Josh Remp

Gacias, Aldwin

Lobenaria, Kayzenn

Echave, Cristine

Estrella, Joan

Lucero, Merlin Alra

Manlapaz, Althea Gwyneth

Meron, Alexandra Marie

Navarro, Alessandra

Nicor, Hazelle Ann

ASTHMA - Asthma is a condition in which your airways narrow and swell and may produce
extra mucus. This may make breathing challenging and cause coughing, wheezing when
you exhale, and shortness of breath.

Causes may include:

● Pollen, dust mites, mold spores, pet dander, and cockroach feces are examples of
airborne allergens.
● Air pollutants and irritants, such as smoke.
● illnesses of the respiratory system, including the common cold.

Signs and symptoms of asthma include:

● breathing difficulty
● chest discomfort or stiffness
● When children with asthma, wheezing is a common symptom of the condition.
● Inability to fall asleep because of coughing, wheezing, or shortness of breath
● Episodes of coughing or wheezing made worse by a respiratory illness, such as the
flu or a cold

1. Physical Assessment (Head to Toe)

HEAD TO TOE PHYSICAL ASSESSMENT

Wash hands and observe other

appropriate infection control procedures.

Introduce yourself; explain to the client

what will be the procedures, why it is
necessary, and how she can cooperate.

Provide patient privacy

Determine client history of the following:

● Allergies
● Difficulty of breathing
Sinus infections
● History of asthma
● Occupation
● Use of tobacco
● Chest tightness
● Wheezing
● Symptoms triggered every night,
during cold season, hot
● Medications
● Use of inhalers

Position the client properly.

ASSESSMENT OF THE EYES

1. Inspect the contour of the
eyes,color, texture, conjunctiva

ASSESSMENT OF THE NOSE

● Inspect the external nose for any

deviations in shape, size, or color
and flaring or discharge from the
nares

● Palpate the nose of the patient to

identify any presence of
tenderness

● Observe for the presence of

redness, swelling, and
inflammation

ASSESSMENT OF THE MOUTH

● Inspect the outer lips for color,

texture, and moisture

● Inspect the gums and inner mouth

● Inspect the salivary duct for

redness or swelling

ASSESSMENT OF THE THROAT

● Inspect the oropharynx for color

and texture.

● Inspect one side of

oropharynx,while the client tilts his
head back and opens his mouth
widely, press a tongue depressor
against the tongue on the same
side about halfway back. If
necessary, use a penlight to
provide lighting.
● Inspect the tonsils for color,
discharge, and size.

ASSESSMENT OF THE THORAX

● Inspect the shape and symmetry

of the thorax from posterior and
lateral views.

● Palpate the posterior thorax.

● Percuss the thorax for

diaphragmatic excursion.

ASSESSMENT OF THE LUNGS

● Auscultate the chest using the

flat-disc diaphragm of the
stethoscope.
● Use the systematic zigzag
procedure used in percussion.
● Ask the client to take slow, deep
breaths through the mouth. Listen
at each point to the breath sounds
during a complete inspiration and
expiration.

● Inspect breathing patterns and

look for vesicular breath sounds
with prolonged respiration.

Perform hand hygiene

Document the findings

2. Pathophysiology
PREDISPOSING CAUSAL FACTOR CONTRIBUTING FACTORS
FACTORS Respiratory infection
Atopy Exposure to indoor and Air pollutions
Female gender outdoor allergens Active/Passive smoking
Others (diet, small size at birth )

INFLAMMATION

Hyperresponsivene Airflow Symptoms (Wheezing,

Cough, Dyspnea, and
ss of air ways limitation Chest tightness

Risk for exacerbation

Allergens
Respiratory infections
Exercise and hyperventilation
Weather changes
Exposure to sulfur dioxide
Food and medication

3. 3.1 NCP

NURSING CARE PLAN FOR ASTHMA

Assessment Diagnosis Planning Intervention Rationale Evaluation

Subjective data: Following of 1. Asses 1. Provides After nursing

Sleep nursing s the informatio intervention, the
● “Nahihirap problem intervention the conditi n about plan was met as
an akong related to patient will be on of the evidence by:
huminga disruptions able to: the severity
at in breathing patient of the ● The client
sumasakit patterns Short term . asthma was able to
ang aking and a fear goal: verbalized
dibdib” as of 2. Auscul 2. Notes understand
verbalized After 2-3 hours tate and ing of
by the suffocation of nursing identify if severity of
patient intervention, there are the asthma
● “Hindi ako the client’s any ● The client
makatulog breathing adventi was able to
ng pattern will be tious identify
maayos maintained as breathing potential
sa gabi evidence by sounds complicatio
dahil ubo performing ns in
ako nang breathing 3. Elevat 3. Facilitates breathing
ubo” as exercises. e the respira sounds
verbalized head tory ● The client
by the Long term of the function was able to
patient goal: bead perform
of the breathing
After 3 days of patient exercises
Objective data: nursing to maintain
intervention the 4. Provid breathing
● Abnormal client’s e good 4. Reduces pattern
wheezing insomnia and ventila suffocatio ● The client
breath fear of tion n or relieved
● Use of suffocation will asthma sleep
accessory be relieved as problem
muscles evidenced by and fear of
● Breathless absence/ suffocation
ness reduction of as
cough and evidence
noiseless by sleeping
Vital signs: breathing. continuousl
T: 37 y with the
PR: 120bpm absence of
RR: 30bpm cough
BP: 130/80

4. Drug study (1-2 DRUG STUDY RELATED SA ASTHMA)

DRUG CLASSIFICAT INDICATION MECHANI CONTRAIN SIDE NURSING

NAME ION AND SM OF DICATION EFFECTS RESPONSIBILI
CATEGORY ACTION TIES
Generic The class of With regard to The beta-2 Albuterol is Nervousness Monitor
name: drugs known patients with adrenergic contraindicat or shakiness, respiratory rate,
Proventil as adrenergic reversible receptors ed in cases headache, oxygen
HFA bronchodilator obstructive are acted of throat or saturation, and
Metered s includes airway upon by hypersensiti nasal lungs sounds
Dose albuterol. disease, albuterol to vity. irritation, and before and after
inhaler Adrenergic including relax the Albuterol muscle administration. If
bronchodilator exercise- smooth should not aches. more than one
Brand s are drugs induced muscle of be used if a inhalation is
name: that are bronchospas the bronchi. patient has a ordered, wait at
Albuterol inhaled m, albuterol, Additionally significant least 2 minutes
through the also referred , it prevents hypersensiti between
mouth to widen to as cells, vity to milk inhalations.
the bronchial salbutamol, particularly protein.
tubes in the has been mast cells,
lungs, which approved for from
are air the treatment releasing
channels. and mediators
prevention of of acute
bronchospas hypersensit
m (acute or ivity.
severe).

Generic Chemical: Is The

Name: recommended lipophilic Patients with Hoarseness - Instruct patient
Salmeterol Long-Acting for long-term, drug an existing: to avoid
Beta-Agonists twice-daily diffuses Throat excessive use
Brand (LABAs) (morning and into lipid -
Name: evening) use bilayer of Cardiovascu Irritation - Assess
Serevent in patients 4 smooth lar Disorder respiratory
Diskus Therapeutics: years of age muscle Headache, status
and older with cells and Convulsive
It lessens reversible provides a Disorder Rapid - Monitor and
airway edema, obstructive depot of heartbeat report CNS
which gives airway drug to the Hepatic toxicity
relaxation of disease, cells over a Impairment Nervousness symptoms like
the lungs. including longer anxiety or
those who period of Diabetes Cough shaking.
have time Mellitus
symptoms of Dry mouth/
nocturnal Hyperthyroid
ism/ Throat
asthma as
well as patient Thyrotoxicos
is Upset
with COPD
stomach

5. Discharge teaching (acronym of the disease)

A- avoid and restrict contact to substances that exacerbate your symptoms

S- seek assistance if needed.

T- treatment plan are strictly followed

H- home needs collaboration between patient and health care provider.

M- medical appointments should be regular

A- always consult your physician before taking any medication

References

Asthma: Steps in testing and diagnosis. (n.d.). Mayo Clinic. Retrieved October 12,

2022,from https://www.mayoclinic.org/diseases-conditions/asthma/in-depth/asthma/

art-20045198

Asthma - Symptoms and causes. (2022, March 5). Mayo Clinic. Retrieved October

12, 2022, from https://www.mayoclinic.org/diseases-conditions/asthma/symptoms-

causes/syc-20369653

Belleza, M. (2021, February 20). Asthma Nursing Care Management and Study

Guide. Nurseslabs. Retrieved October 12, 2022, from

https://nurseslabs.com/asthma/#nursing_assessment
Cunha, J. P. (n.d.). Albuterol: Generic, Asthma, Uses, Side Effects, Dosages,

Interactions, Warnings. RxList. Retrieved October 12, 2022, from

https://www.rxlist.com/consumer_albuterol_ventolin_hfa/drugs-condition.htm

Fanta, C. (2022, April 08). Patient education: Asthma treatment in adolescents and

adults (Beyond the Basics). https://www.uptodate.com/contents/asthma-treatment-in-

adolescents-and-adults-beyond-the-basics/print

Serevent Diskus Inhalation: Uses, Side Effects, Interactions, Pictures, Warnings &

Dosing. (n.d.). WebMD. Retrieved October 12, 2022, from

https://www.webmd.com/drugs/2/drug-5330/serevent-diskus-inhalation/details

Serevent Diskus (salmeterol): Basics, Side Effects & Reviews. (n.d.). GoodRx.

Retrieved October 12, 2022, from https://www.goodrx.com/serevent/what-is