BJIB 2033 (A)

INFORMATION TECHNOLOGY AND COMMUNICATION SESSION

2021/2022 (A212)

The Internet of Things (IoT) future in Malaysia

Prepared by: GROUP 3

1) KOH ZHUAN GUAN 286193

2) AINUN HARIST NAUFAL 276393

3) SHARMEEN BINTI MUHAMMAD ADNAN ANNATHA 287295

4) FADHIN SOFEA BINTI MOHD ALWE 286763

5) SAASMITHAA A/P BALAKUMARA 290302

LECTURER :

PROF. MADYA DR. NOORULSADIQIN AZBIYA BINTI YAACOB

ABSTRACT..................................................................................................................1

1.0 INTRODUCTION...................................................................................................2

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ABSTRACT

The Internet of Things (IoT) is a new paradigm that has transformed traditional living

by transforming it into a greater lifestyle. IoT changes include smart city, smart home,

pollution management, energy saving, smart transportation and smart industries. To

improve technology through IoT, a number of important studies and surveys have b

een carried out. Other obstacles and concerns, on the other hand, must be solved in

order to fully fulfil the IoT's promise. These barriers and challenges need to be asses

sed from various angles, including application, challenge, assistive technology, socia

l and environmental consequences, etc. The main purpose of this review is to provid

e a comprehensive review from a technological and sociological perspective. Many

of the IoT challenges and concerns are discussed in the document, along with the ar

chitecture and key application areas. In addition, the article highlights current literatur

e and how it contributes to different aspects of the Internet of Things. The importanc

e of big data and its analysis in relation to IoT is also emphasized. The purpose of thi

s page is to help readers and researchers understand the Internet of Things and how

it is used in the real world.

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1.0 INTRODUCTION

Manufacturing businesses, particularly those in the technology sector, have develop

ed a slew of internet-connected gadgets in recent years, and this trend is expected t

o continue. The core premise of IoT is to provide dentification and wireless connectio

n to all everyday things so that they may talk with one another and be maintained by

computers [Lopez Research LLC., 2013]. Watches, TVs, cameras, and other electro

nic gadgets are examples of devices that have been connected to the internet for inc

reased usefulness. The Internet of Things (IoT) has evolved from modest electrical g

adgets to an industry that may help a large number of people. IoT devices are utilise

d to make judgments in a variety of industries and by a variety of groups and people

[McKinsey Global Institute, 2015]. Data is collected by IoT devices, which is subsequ

ently turned into useful information.

Consumers, industry, and government are the primary users of IoT. Consumers may

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utilise devices to gain data, for example combining their health information and auto

mating home chores. for industry, IoT may assist businesses streamlining procedure

s and saving money. The communities and public sector may employ IoT devices to

tackle challenges like climate change. In the future, the Internet of Things will be a bi

g part of our life, and it will have an influence on the global economy. Smart Homes 

Smart Healthcare, Smart Cities, and other IoT applications have been implemented i

n a number of nations, including Korea, Japan, Russia, Canada, and others, indicatin

g the world's rapid adoption of IoT. The Internet of Things (IoT) must be implemented

in Malaysia as part of the new technologies that might affect Malaysian businesses.

The ICT industry in Malaysia is now suffering poor growth, which is impacting the co

untry's primary industry's income growth [Gerdeman, D., 2016]. More linked gadgets

will help Malaysia's ICT sector expand output. In 2015, the Malaysian Ministry of Sci

ence, Technology, and Innovation established a National IoT Strategy Map for IoT im

plementation as a pioneer in information technology. MOTI has three goals [Gerdem

an, D., 2016], the first of which is to create a national climate that encourages IoT ad

option and industrialisation as a source of new economic growth. One of them wants

Malaysia to become Southeast Asia's IoT powerhouse. IoT produce more than 10,00

0 jobs and have an economic effect of roughly RM 8 billion by 2020 [Gerdeman, D.,

2016]. In Malaysia, the deployment of IoT has helped consumers, government and in

dustrial sectors.

Sensors embedded in streetlights, image recognition features, augmented reality, an

d near-field communications integrated into situational decision support, asset mana

gement, and new services are all part of the Internet of Things. Atzori, L. (2012). In t

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his report, we will show how the Internet of Things concept has been implemented in

Malaysia.

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2.0 AREA OF STUDY

In this assignment, future of Internet of Things (IoT) in Malaysia will be discuss. The

3 main topic will be discuss is motor insurance premium, education and healthcare.

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3.0 IOT in Motor insurance

In this fast paced technology and economic growth, automotive industry have

reach their hand into the field of IoT. As we can see the vehicle are starting to be

more and more automation, and the automotive industry is moving forwards to

create a self-driving autonomous car. Furthermore, The topic that related about IoT

and connected car are highly followed by society. This is due to connected car have

lot of room for visualise when relate it with IoT. For now connected car have the

function of video streaming, remote service, vehicle updates, Stolen Vehicle

Tracking (SVT), etc. With the increasing number of sensor build in the automobile,

insurance company can use the data collected by the car to recommend a better

insurans plan for customers. Besides, the data collected by the car can also help car

owner to make a choice for car insurance coverage. For your information, several

countries have implement Usage-Based-Insurance (UBI)

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How it works :

The usage of Internet of Things technology in industrial applications will impro

ve human-machine communication and networking capabilities. It would enhance qu

ality control, allowing enterprises to compete more effectively. The creation, construc

tion, and integration of a variety of usable sensors for industrial applications would b

e a significant aspect of constructing integrated and effective management systems.

Thanks to the Internet of Things, manufacturers may now attach Radio Frequenc

y Identification (RFID) tags to a wide range of devices. To manage and track stocks,

enhance customer service, and minimise lead times, a rising number of devices are

being used. Sensors installed in machinery and equipment capture real-time data on

operating and replacement component status. For similarly processing, those statisti

cs are transmitted to a cloud computing platform. Finally, the statistics is proven in a

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person application, giving store ground supervisors a complete photograph of the pro

ducing process. We can now get a degree of operational transparency that was previ

ously unachievable thanks to IoT technology. It is now possible to constantly screen

manufacturing situations and make data-pushed alternatives in actual time that allow

s you to keep system overall performance and beautify product quality. More researc

h is needed to ensure that IoT technologies are appropriately integrated in business,

as well as to obtain a better knowledge of how IoT technology may be used in certai

n sectors to realise advantages. Connecting a number of industrial sensors, then ana

lysing and utilising the data collected to enhance industrial operations, such as smar

t IoT-based Computer-Integrated Manufacturing.

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3.1 Challenges in IoT in Insurance Industry

3.1.1 Data ownership

Insurers can better assess risk by using data generated and made

available by IoT. However, many insurers continue to struggle with data

ownership. "Does the data belong to the insurance company or the

customer?" is the big question. Customers may argue that they have rights

over their personal data and require access to past claims data in order to

switch insurers at renewal. This will be a topic of discussion for insurance

firms and regulators alike, especially in light of rules such as the EU General

Data Protection Regulation.

3.1.2 Data Security and Fraud

As IoT grows in popularity, so will the possibility for cyberattacks and

fraud. The massive amount of data that will be transmitted between the

connected vehicle, connected home, and insurance company is subject to

interception. The introduction of new IoT-based products by insurers is also

expected to result in new sorts of application and claims fraud. Insurers will

need to increase their investments in IoT data security and fraud prevention.

While attaining the full potential of IoT for insurance will be difficult, early

implementation is already yielding favourable outcomes. IoT, without a doubt,

makes losses easier to foresee and prevent. Smart home devices, wearables,

and self-driving automobiles will usher in a new era of client relationships in

which insurance becomes less reactive and more preventative. Organizations

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that overcome today's challenges to embrace change and profit on

uncertainty will be the winners.

3.1.3 Data management

Data has always been important in the insurance industry. Insurance

firms used to rely on historical data from policy administration solutions,

claims management apps, and billing systems. Newer, larger data sets from

IoT sources offer a new layer of complexity. The problem is to digest this

deluge of data in a timely manner in order to make sound business decisions.

Unfortunately, many insurance businesses have difficulty processing and

analysing traditional data. To address the issues posed by massive data

volumes created by IoT, an enterprise data management strategy is required.

This is critical when combining new IoT-sourced data with traditional data

such as customer and policy records. This data management strategy should

include standardised solutions, tools, processes, and workflows for managing

IoT data as a fundamental asset.

3.1.4 Integrating IoT with Vehicles

The automotive system design must have a large number of connected

components, such as sensors and RAM memory. As a result, it is one of the

difficulties in deploying IoT in the automotive insurance market. To address

this issue, a new sensor technology system must be designed and

implemented. One of the issues is the issue of software upgrading and

maintenance. If the car system is not updated to the current version, it will

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cause a lot of problems and may jeopardise the safety of the vehicle's users.

Before using IoT in the insurance industry, this issue must be resolved.

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4.0 IOT in education:

The IoT is a distinct, linked network of computing devices that enables

data transmission over a network without requiring human-to-human or huma

n-to-computer contact. IoT items that can send data over the network can be

given Internet Protocol (IP) addresses. IoT has recently been able to handle

many facets of human existence, including recycling, healthcare, environment

al monitoring, and more. In this study, we talk about IoT technology education

to boost student and lecturer enthusiasm and proficiency in teaching and lear

ning.

According to estimates, IoT will have a significant influence on the educ

ational sector. known The deployment of this system is considered to b

e a suitable fit for the education sector. Because of this technology, media ma

terial that includes educational resources has recently grown more appealing.

Additionally, extensive study has been aided in this field of schooling. Becaus

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e it covers a number of current computing areas, including communication net

works, human-computer interaction, and embedded systems, IoT technology i

s referred to as being common. The primary industrial applications of today ar

e anticipated to be significantly impacted by IoT. Therefore, it's critical that stu

dents understand how to evaluate, create, and maintain these systems in a sa

fe, ethical manner in order to expand their knowledge base.

In order for the Malaysian IoT sector to remain competitive, Malaysia

wants to develop and disseminate the cutting-edge methodologies, data and

reference materials, testing techniques, other infrastructure, and technological

services needed. Massive Open Online Courses, which encourage the use of

open learning, are now being developed and implemented in Malaysia

(MOOC). With the help of this learning method, everyone in the community

may access free online resources at any time and from any location, as well

as share knowledge with one another. The development's educational

objective in Malaysia is to promote lifelong learning by developing an

enjoyable and effective learning environment.

The Internet of Things is expanding quickly on a global scale. When

objects and information are included in decision-making, the actual value of

IoT can be seen. This value will be applied to our social, business, and

personal environments. Despite the IoT's enormous promise, a number of

challenges must be overcome. Every nation that starts the IoT deployment

faces challenges in maintaining IoT operations. To achieve IoT development,

Malaysia has similar covert problems. Several of the key concerns are briefly

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covered. A diversified network integration technology in the public IP network

to provide scalability and dependable network connection is one of the main

challenges for the development of IoT technology in Malaysia. Every industry

must assess its network components to provide the best data transport via

wired and wireless networks as IoT technology use grows. IoT emphasizes

connectivity and communication for future Internet design.

4.1 Idea of smart digital campus:

What is meant by smart campus? What literally makes a campus “smar

t”? The smart campus is a new direction in which academic institutions mix te

chnological tools with physical facilities to build up operations, decision-makin

g, and continuous growth among other things. Eventhough that kind of related

ness have been a goal itself for many academic institutions, it’s just the begin

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ning of a smart campus. The application of smart campuses is challenging the

traditional learning system. This is due to the appearance of the IoT, which ha

s made the students to learn anything from anywhere, with the internet access.

Hence, IoT is playing the most important role in accomplishing the concept of

smart campuses.

A smart campus uses technological solutions to produce new contributi

ons. These Internet-connected and AI-driven smart solutions can improve a v

ariety of aspects of the lecturer and student experience on campus, including i

mproving the financial application procedure, student service enhancements a

nd so on. Students, employees, and lecturers can have a more comprehensiv

e campus environment when an institution creates site where IoT technologie

s and individuals can cooperate. There are some examples of connecting IoT

solutions with the university environment. For example, Southern New Hamps

hire University has received credit for using a 3D holographic model to teach

architecture.

In forming smart university campuses, each campus can simulate a mi

ni smart city with thier facilities and public places connected to the internet. Us

ing wireless sensor systems, a variety of applications can benefit in the mana

gement of these place like connecting the campus gardens to track the crop g

rowth so that plants establishing an air quality control network at certain locati

ons across campus. It will help manage pollution levels and limit traffic when p

ollution concentrations are high, measuring noise levels to determine the most

saturation areas. That is useful because high noise levels might curb teaching

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on campus. Universities can generate additional credit for those places which

may be beneficial.

Lastly, universities can use the recognition mechanism of Bluetooth ma

terial for hands-free automotive devices to detect the volume of vehicles and p

edestrians. Knowing the usage level of assorted places is very helpful for aton

ing campus services to individuals’ usage habits and patterns.

4.2 IoT benefits in education:

Students are significantly more engaged in their studies. Various perso

nal gadgets may be upgraded utilising IoT technology to become smart device

s in education that students can readily access in order to attract them in emot

ional learning processes and experiences. Students will be more engaged wh

en they can communicate with one another via educational smart gadgets. Th

ey may share knowledge and information in real time, which can increase lear

ning and research operations.

Many administrative tasks can be automated with IoT. To save time an

d boost efficiency, we may employ linked devices to fulfil numerous administra

tive chores. Daily routine tasks such as school attendance can be recorded by

connecting devices. This can save a lot of time, and teachers won't have to w

aste time doing it. The obtained data can be kept for future plans and analysis

of student reports

In 2020, the globe will need to discover an alternative method of teaching in or

der to prevent the spread of the coronavirus. Malaysia therefore embraces onl

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ine learning, which allows any student in the world to study independently at h

ome. Because lecturers and students may do all educational tasks remotely, t

he Internet of Things helped to alleviate the crisis at the time and has greatly

benefited the education industry.

The need for Smart Digital Campus in higher education institutions has

grown dramatically and in popularity since the introduction of the corona virus

and the Covid-19 epidemic. By integrating cutting-edge technology into the

physical infrastructure, educate, learn, and research may all be improved. The

Smart Digital Campus may save operational costs, enhance security, and give

teachers and staff workers, as well as students and campus administrators,

digital skills. It is asserted that a "Smart Digital Campus" may enhance

student learning and administration by fusing these two elements together,

using IoT devices and IT service delivery platforms to connect the complete

digital campus. Five key school categories must be included in the digital

campus: building control and management, security and access control,

videos and information systems, location attendance system, and energy

monitoring and control.

4.3 IoT challenges in education :

IoT poses significant challenges and potential for higher education. En

hanced IoT capabilities, Significant developments in computers, IoT capabiliti

es, and technology have not only boosted the value of education and researc

h. The major point is data security because it is one of the most dangerous as

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pects of schooling. The information about students and lecturers is very impor

tant, and if it were compromised by bad actors, it might be used for bad things

or even worse, they might sell the information and use it for their own busines

ses. Of course, this could harm a lot of individuals who are unaware of how to

protect their own data. It is also bringing in a new digital culture. However, it is

difficult to implement in the field of education.

4.3.1 IoT implementation ability in the sphere of education

While the Internet of Things has numerous advantages for students an

d teachers, it also has certain drawbacks in terms of implementation. Educatio

n providers must provide relevant technology such as Wi-Fi, high-bandwidth n

etworks, teacher training, and student devices to appropriately incorporate ga

dgets in the classroom. [IoT in the Classroom, 2017] Educational institutions

must employ IoT in the classroom and guarantee that IT tools and teaching ap

proaches are acceptable.

4.3.2 Management difficulties

It's conceivable that IoT initiatives may be costly and difficult to adminis

ter. Because some apps and devices are incompatible, businesses are limited

in their efforts to create a user-friendly IT environment.

4.3.3 Privacy and security

These devices jeopardise children's privacy and security by storing sen

sitive data on Internet-based networks of connected devices that are subject t

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o cyber assaults. Education providers should be worried about the ramificatio

ns of a data breach that exposes student IDs connected to medical records an

d financial data.  [Dakroub, H. 2016]

"Education providers should be very concerned about data privacy sinc

e it is a sensitive issue"

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5.0 IoT in Healthcare :

in the medical field Because every hospital uses technology these days for its

services, the Internet of Things (IoT) offers major advantages to people and increase

s service efficiency. Patients and doctors also benefit greatly, making it simpler for th

em to do business. Each time a new piece of technology emerges to make a new wa

y of patient treatment possible, it makes doctors' jobs easier while also ensuring that

patients receive the finest care possible for their health.

Wearable sensors in the body are gaining traction as a useful tool in healthca

re. The researchers have developed a new clinical use for the device, which is a rem

ote health monitoring system. This includes elements like the capacity to follow a pati

ent's status over time and medical access to physiological data from the patient.

"IoT makes providing healthcare more convenient and easy"

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5.1 A guide of health care: iot possibilities and health care

What's the capabality of combining data analytics and IoT in healthcare? Chie

f Innovation Officer of University of Pittsburgh Medical Centre (UPMC), Shrestha, he

said about the possible potentiality that would conclude from a pairing between data

that have been analyse and IoT in healthcare. they have to bring it back to where it's

related, whether for the consumers, the patients or for clinicians and once they look

at the promise of the IoT and everything that we're making progress in terms of analy

tics, it brings to us an entire bunch of other capabilities and solutions today. All of tho

se brilliant observation provided us at the right level of actionable information at the p

oint of care.

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5.2 healthcare: iot obstacle

The sheer number of linked devices and data they generate presents a

management problem for hospital IT. The dubious issue is how to keep all of

that data secure while it is being sent.

5.3 Application: iot in healthcare

Patients are kept secure and healthy using IoT healthcare. Boston Med

ical Centre (BMC), for example, employed an IoT method for patient care and

building operations outside of Malaysia. While many IoT deployments focus o

n basic operations such as light and heat management, BMC takes it a step fu

rther, using IoT in healthcare to benefit anything from new-borns to leftover m

eals.

Sensors are used to keep the facility safe. These children will be given

wristbands that will allow a wireless network to locate them at any moment. El

evators will stop running and exit doors will lock if a baby is brought too close t

o an exit door without being signed out. Meanwhile, staff in the neonatal inten

sive care unit would receive important notifications regarding their infants' co

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nditions through hospital smartphone. This includes changes in heart rate and

oxygen levels that sensors have observed, allowing them to swiftly reach the

patients. BMC's use of IoT in healthcare isn't restricted to medical application.

They also utilise a "bio-digester," which composts cooking wastes. This

machine is monitored by IoT technology to ensure that it is operating properly,

which includes measuring how much garbage is flowing through it and determ

ining whether the amount of water utilised is sufficient. Wireless sensors were

also put in refrigerators, freezers, and laboratories in the South End area near

BMC to guarantee that drugs, blood samples, and other items were kept at op

timum temperatures.

5.4 Advantage & disadvantages: IoT in healthcare

IoT is also frequently employed in the medical business. The Internet of

Things will make it easier to send patient information to supply chain

management for drugs and equipment. The Internet of Things has the

potential to transform the medical business, albeit time will tell whether this

transformation is positive or negative.

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5.4.1 Advantages

5.4.1.1 Cloud Data and Predictive Analysis

Every day, medical equipment acquire massive volumes of data. Much

of this information remains unanswered, offering a wealth of possible study

material. This data can be collected and converted into meaningful forecasts

utilising IoT devices.

5.4.1.2 Accessibility. 

Doctors can see all essential data on command and monitor patient

conditions in real time without leaving their office.

5.4.1.3 Patient Assistance and Improved Cases

Many IoT devices have been used in hospitals across the country to

improve patient care, including blood glucose monitoring for diabetics, smart

pills that can monitor health problems, and RFID (radio frequency

identification)-enabled pill bottles that can track when patients should take

their medication and send a reminder if a dose is missed.

5.4.2 Disadvantages

5.4.2.1 Concerns about Patient Privacy

Many novel implantable patient devices, such as pacemakers, have

been developed in recent years. It is built with IoT technology to make it

easier to monitor. Newer variants can be remotely monitored by sending a Wi-

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Fi signal to the gadget. Doctors can monitor their patients' implanted devices

and receive notifications if the device detects any abnormalities.

5.4.2.2 Cost

Although IoT may minimise the cost of patient diagnosis and treatment,

the cost of installing all of the devices and maintaining them is relatively

expensive.

5.4.2.3 Security Breaches

A major DdoS (Directed Denial of Service) attack in October 2016

demonstrated that unsecured IoT devices might allow hackers to attack

servers from hundreds or thousands of IP addresses. They will infect these

vulnerable devices with malware, allowing hackers to exploit the computing

power of those smart devices.

5.5 IoT healthcare in Malaysia

According to the a review paper by International Journal of Information

System and Engineering, the title is "A Case Study Review: Future of Internet

of Things (IoT) in Malaysia" by Muhammad Fariz Bin Jusman and Aina Nornid

ya Binti Mohd Mastan. In the report it had written that by year 2020, $2.2

billion is predicted to be register by IoT market potential in Malaysia. Prof. Dr.

Shahrin bin Sahib, the Vice Chancellor of Universiti Teknikal said that, this

development is expected to grow exponentially beyond 2020 to reach $10.5

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billion in 2025. Moreover, Wellness and healthy living is the first priority that

Malaysia’s healthcare system wanted to popularise. Hence to make it happen,

Malaysia have been extending the availability of healthcare service wherever

and whenever necessary with the help of IoT.

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6.0 CONCLUSION

As a result, IoT provides insights into how individuals might integrate technology into

their life in this world of rapid technological advancement. Because IoT is important

information that can be used in a variety of ways, it is employed all over the world,

including Malaysia. Although it is advantageous, there are drawbacks and

challenges in adopting it in industries. There is still much opportunity for

development, for example, in the education sector on how IoT could integrate into

and be incorporated in the Malaysian school system as we approach the year 2020.

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