Answers to Differentiation Questions C3 Module

du
3

1. (i) u=x dx 3x2
dv
3x

v=e dx 3e3x
dy

dx 3x2 e3x + x33e3x or equiv M1 A1 A1 3
du

(ii) u = 2x dx 2
dv

v = cos x dx –sin x
dy 2 cos x  2 x sin x

dx cos 2 x or equiv M1 A1 A1 3
du

(iii) u = tan x dx sec2 x
dy
2

y=u du 2u
dy

dx 2u sec2 x M1
dy

dx 2 tan x sec2 x A1 2
du

(iv) u=y
2 dy 2y

dx

x = cos u du  sin u M1
dx

dy  2y sin y2 A1

dy 1
 2
dx 2 y sin y M1 A1 4
[12]
dy 1
 3 e3x 
2. (a) dx x B1M1A1 3
3x
B1 3e
a
M1: bx
1
3x
A1: 3e + x

5  x 
1
2 2
(b) B1

Congleton High School 1

3
 
1

5 x2 2
.2 x 1

2  3 x (5  x 2 ) 2 M1 for kx(5 + x )
2 m
M1 A1 3
[6]
3. (a) 425 °C B1 1
0.05 t 0.05 t
(b) 300 = 400e + 25  400e = 275 M1
0.05t
sub. T = 300 and attempt to rearrange to e = a, where a 
Q

275
e 0.05t 
400 A1
M1 correct application of logs M1
t = 7.49 A1 4
dT
  20 0.05t 0.05t
(c) dt e (M1 for ke ) M1 A1
At t = 50, rate of decrease = (±) 1.64 °C / min A1 3
0.05t
(d) T > 25, (since e  0 as t  ) B1 1
[9]

d
4. (a) (i) dx (e3x+2) = 3e3x+2 2 3x
(or 3e e ) At any stage B1
dy
dx = 3x2 e3x+2 + 2xe3x+2 Or equivalent M1 A1+A1 4
d
(ii) dx (cos(2x3)) = –6x2 sin(2x3) At any stage M1 A1

dy  18 x 3 sin( 2 x 3 )  3 cos( 2 x 3 )
dx = 9x 2 M1 A1 4
Alternatively using the product rule for second M1 A1
–1 3
y = (3x) cos(2x )
dy
dx = – 3(3x)–2 cos(2x3) – 6x2 (3x)–1 sin(2x3)
Accept equivalent unsimplified forms

dy dx
(b) 1 = 8 cos(2y + 6) dx or y = 8cos(2y + 6)
d M1
dy 1
dx = 8 cos(2 y  6) M1 A1

1  1 
  ( ) 
 2  (16  x 2 ) 
dy 8 cos arcsin x   
dx =   4  M1 A1 5
[13]

Congleton High School 2

5. (a) (i) 6sin x cos x + 2sec2x tan 2x M1 A1 A1 3
or 3 sin 2x + 2 sec 2x tan 1x
[M1 for 6 sinx]

1
2
(ii) 3(x + ln2x) (1 + x ) B1 M1 A1 3
2
[B1 for 3(x + ln 2x) ]
(b) Differentiating numerator to obtain 10x – 10 B1
Differentiating denominator to obtain 2(x – 1) B1
Using quotient rule formula correctly: M1
dy ( x  1) 2 (10 x  10)  (5 x 2  10 x  9)(2( x  1)

To obtain d x ( x  1) 4 A1
2 2
2( x  1)[5( x  1)  (5 x  10 x  9)
Simplifying to form ( x  1) 4 M1
8
3
= – ( x  1) (*) c.s.o. A1 6
Alternatives for (b)
Either Using product rule formula correctly: M1
Obtaining 10x – 10 B1
–3
Obtaining –2(x – 1)
dy
2 –3 –2
To obtain dx = (5x – 10x + 9){–2(x – 1) } + (10x – 10)(x – 1) A1cao
2 2
10( x  1)  2(5 x  10 x  9)
Simplifying to form ( x  1) 3 M1
8
3
= – ( x  1) (*) c.s.o. A1 6
4
2
Or Splitting fraction to give 5 + ( x  1) M1 B1 B1
Then differentiating to give answer M1 A1 A1 6
[12]

2(2x + ln 2)
6. (a) gf(x) = e M1
4x 2 ln 2
=e e M1
4x ln 4
=e e M1
4x
= 4e AG A1 4
(b)
y

4
x

B1 shape & (0, 4) 1

(c) gf(x) > 0 B1 1

Congleton High School 3

d gf (x)
dx 4x
(d) = 16e M1
3
4x 16
e = M1 attempt to solve
3
4x = ln 16 A1
x = – 0.418 A1 4
[10]

dy 1

7. dx x M1 A1
1
1
At x = 3, gradient of normal = 3 = –3 M1
y – ln l = –3(x – 3) M1
y = –3x + 9 A1 5
[5]

dy 1
8. dx = cos ec x  cot x (–cosec x cot x + –cosec2 x) Full attempt at chain rule M1
(cot x  cos ec x)
= – cosec x cos ec x  cot x Factorise cosec x M1
= – cosec x (*) A1 cso 3
[3]

dy ( 4 x  x 2 )  x ( 2 x )

9. (a) dx (4  x 2 ) 2 2 –1 2 2 –2
or (from product rule) (4 + x ) – 2x (4 + x ) M1 A1
dy
Solve dx = 0 to obtain (2, ¼), and (–2, –¼) M1 A1, A1 5
or (2 and –2 A1, full solution A1)
d2 y
2
(b) When x = 2, dx = –0.0625 < 0 thus maximum B1
Need numerical answers for M1

d2 y
2
When x = –2, dx = 0.0625 > 0 thus minimum. B1 3

Congleton High School 4

1 y

0 .5

–10 –5 5 10 x

– 0 .5

(c) –1
Shape for – 2  x  2 B1
Shape for x > 2 B1
Shape for x < 2 B1 3
[11]

dy 1
1

10. dx = 6x 2  x M1 A1
dy
At x = 1, dx = 5; y = 4 – ln 5 A1; B1
Tangent is y – 4 + ln 5 = 5(x – 1) M1
1  ln 5 ln e  ln5 1
At y = 0, x= 5 = 5 = 5 ln 5e M1 A1
[7]

Congleton High School 5