JEE (MAIN + ADVANCED)

DIFFERENTIAL EQUATION
AND
AREA UNDER THE CURVE

Corporate Office : A-10, “Bansal Tower”, Road No.1, IPIA, Kota-324005 (Rajasthan)
Tel: 0744-2791000 | w w w.bansal.ac.in | Email : admin@ bansal.ac.in
CONTENT

S.No Pages

1. Theory 01

2. Exercise-1 (Special DPP) 06

3. Exercise-2 14

4. Exercise-3 (Section-A) 18
[Previous years JEE-Advanced problems]

5. Exercise-3 (Section-B) 25
[Previous years JEE-Main problems]

6. Exercise-4 (Section-A) 32
[Previous years CBSE problems]

7. Exercise-4 (Section-B) 38
[Potential Problems for Board Preparations]

8. Exercise-5 (Rank Booster) 39

9. Answer Key 42
DIFFERENTIAL EQUATION & AREA UNDER THE CURVE

KEY CONCEPTS (DIFFERENTIAL EQUATION)

DIFFERENTIAL EQUATIONS OF FIRST ORDER AND FIRST DEGREE

DEFINITIONS :
1. An equation that involves independent and dependent variables and the derivatives of the
dependent variables is called a DIFFERENTIAL EQUATION.
2. A differential equation is said to be ordinary , if the differential coefficients have reference to a
single independent variable only and it is said to be PARTIAL if there are two or more
independent variables. We are concerned with ordinary differential equations only.
u u u
eg.   = 0 is a partial differential equation.
 x  y z
3. Finding the unknown function is called SOLVING OR INTEGRATING the differential equation. The solution
of the differential equation is also called its PRIMITIVE, because the differential equation can be regarded
as a relation derived from it.
4. The order of a differential equation is the order of the highest differential coefficient occuring in it.
5. The degree of a differential equation which can be written as a polynomial in the derivatives is the
degree of the derivative of the highest order occuring in it , after it has been expressed in a form
free from radicals & fractions so far as derivatives are concerned, thus the differential equation :
p q
 dm y   d m 1( y) 
f(x , y)  m  + (x , y)  m 1  + ....... = 0 is order m & degree p.
 dx   dx 
Note that in the differential equation ey  xy + y = 0 order is three but degree doesn't apply.

6. FORMATION OF A DIFFERENTIAL EQUATION :

If an equation in independent and dependent variables having some arbitrary constant is given ,
then a differential equation is obtained as follows :
 Differentiate the given equation w.r.t. the independent variable (say x) as many times
as the number of arbitrary constants in it .
 Eliminate the arbitrary constants .
The eliminant is the required differential equation . Consider forming a differential
equation for y² = 4a(x + b) where a and b are arbitary constant .
Note : A differential equation represents a family of curves all satisfying some common properties.
This can be considered as the geometrical interpretation of the differential equation.

7. GENERAL AND PARTICULAR SOLUTIONS :

The solution of a differential equation which contains a number of independent arbitrary constants equal
to the order of the differential equation is called the GENERAL SOLUTION (OR COMPLETE INTEGRAL OR
COMPLETE PRIMITIVE) . A solution obtainable from the general solution by giving particular values to the
constants is called a PARTICULAR SOLUTION.
Note that the general solution of a differential equation of the nth order contains ‘n’ & only ‘n’ independent
arbitrary constants. The arbitrary constants in the solution of a differential equation are said to be
independent, when it is impossible to deduce from the solution an equivalent relation containing fewer
arbitrary constants. Thus the two arbitrary constants A, B in the equation y = Aex + B are not independent
since the equation can be written as y = AeB. ex = C ex. Similarly the solution y = Asinx + Bcos (x + C)
appears to contain three arbitrary constants, but they are really equivalent to two only.

Page # 1
DIFFERENTIAL EQUATION & AREA UNDER THE CURVE

8. Elementary Types Of First Order & First Degree Differential Equations .

TYPE1. VARIABLES SEPARABLE : If the differential equation can be expressed as ;
f (x)dx + g(y)dy = 0 then this is said to be variable  separable type.

A general solution of this is given by  f(x) dx +  g(y) dy = c ;

where c is the arbitrary constant . consider the example (dy/dx) = exy + x2. ey.
Note : Sometimes transformation to the polar coordinates facilitates separation of variables.
In this connection it is convenient to remember the following differentials.
If x = r cos  ; y = r sin  then,
(i) x dx + y dy = r dr (ii) dx2 + dy2 = dr2 + r2 d2 (iii) x dy  y dx = r2 d
If x = r sec  & y = r tan  then x dx  y dy = r dr and x dy  y dx = r2 sec d .
dy
TYPE2 : = f (ax + by + c) , b  0.
dx
To solve this , substitute t = ax + by + c. Then the equation reduces to separable type in the
variable t and x which can be solved.

Consider the example (x + y)2 d y = a2 .

dx
TYPE3. HOMOGENEOUS EQUATIONS :
dy f (x , y )
A differential equation of the form =
d x  (x , y )
where f (x , y) &  (x , y) are homogeneous functions of x & y , and of the same degree , is called
dy  
HOMOGENEOUS . This equation may also be reduced to the form = g  x  & is solved by
dx  y
putting y = vx so that the dependent variable y is changed to another variable v, where v is some
unknown function, the differential equation is transformed to an equation with variables separable.
dy y (x  y)
Consider + = 0.
dx x2
TYPE4. EQUATIONS REDUCIBLE TO THE HOMOGENEOUS FORM :
a x  b1y  c1 a1  a 2
If d y = 1 ; where a1 b2  a2 b1  0, i.e. 
dx a 2 x  b 2 y  c2 b1 b2
then the substitution x = u + h, y = v + k transform this equation to a homogeneous type in the new
variables u and v where h and k are arbitrary constants to be chosen so as to make the given
equation homogeneous which can be solved by the method as given in Type  3. If
(i) a1 b2  a2 b1 = 0 , then a substitution u = a1 x + b1 y transforms the differential equation to an equation
with variables separable. and
(ii) b1 + a2 = 0 , then a simple cross multiplication and substituting d(xy) for x dy + y dx & integrating
term by term yields the result easily.

x  2y  5 2 x  3y  1 dy 2x  y  1
Consider d y = ; dy = & =
dx 2x  y  1 dx 4x  6y  5 dx 6 x  5y  4
(iii) In an equation of the form : yf(xy) dx + xg(xy)dy = 0 the variables can be separated by the substitution
xy = v.

Page # 2
DIFFERENTIAL EQUATION & AREA UNDER THE CURVE

IMPORTANT NOTE :
(a) The function f (x , y) is said to be a homogeneous function of degree n if for any real number
t ( 0) , we have f (tx , ty) = tn f(x , y) .
For e.g. f(x , y) = ax2/3 + hx1/3 . y1/3 + by2/3 is a homogeneous function of degree 2/3 .
dy
(b) A differential equation of the form = f(x , y) is homogeneous if f(x , y) is a homogeneous
dx
function of degree zero i.e. f(tx , ty) = t° f(x , y) = f(x , y). The function f does not depend on
y x
x & y separately but only on their ratio or .
x y
LINEAR DIFERENTIAL EQUATIONS :
A differential equation is said to be linear if the dependent variable & its differential coefficients occur
in the first degree only and are not multiplied together .
The nth order linear differential equation is of the form ;
dn y d n 1 y
a0 (x) + a (x) + ...... + an (x) . y =  (x) . Where a0(x) , a1(x) ..... an(x) are called the
d xn 1
d x n 1
coefficients of the differential equation.
Note that a linear differential equation is always of the first degree but every differental equation of the
3
d2 y  d y 
first degree need not be linear. e.g. the differential equation 2    + y2 = 0 is not linear, though
dx  dx
its degree is 1.
TYPE  5. LINEAR DIFFERENTIAL EQUATIONS OF FIRST ORDER :
dy
The most general form of a linear differential equations of first order is + Py = Q , where P & Q are
dx
functions of x .

To solve such an equation multiply both sides by e 

Pdx
.
NOTE :

The factor e 
Pdx
(1) on multiplying by which the left hand side of the differential equation becomes the
differential coefficient of some function of x & y , is called integrating factor of the differential
equation popularly abbreviated as I. F.
(2) It is very important to remember that on multiplying by the integrating factor , the left hand side becomes
the derivative of the product of y and the I. F.
(3) Some times a given differential equation becomes linear if we take y as the independent variable
and x as the dependent variable. e.g. the equation ;
dy dx
(x + y + 1) = y2 + 3 can be written as (y2 + 3) = x + y + 1 which is a linear differential
dx dy
equation.

Page # 3
DIFFERENTIAL EQUATION & AREA UNDER THE CURVE

TYPE6. EQUATIONS REDUCIBLE TO LINEAR FORM :

dy
The equation + py = Q . yn where P & Q functions of x , is reducible to the linear form by
dx
dividing it by yn & then substituting yn+1 = Z . Its solution can be obtained as in Type5. Consider
the example (x3 y2 + xy) dx = dy.
dy
The equation + Py = Q . yn is called BERNOULI’S EQUATION.
dx
9. TRAJECTORIES :
Suppose we are given the family of plane curves.
 (x, y, a) = 0
depending on a single parameter a.
A curve making at each of its points a fixed angle  with the curve of the family passing through that point
is called an isogonal trajectory of that family ; if in particular  =/2, then it is called an orthogonal
trajectory.
Orthogonal trajectories : We set up the differential equation of the given family of curves. Let it be of
the form
F (x, y, y') = 0
The differential equation of the orthogonal trajectories is of the form
 1
F  x, y,    = 0
 y
The general integral of this equation
1 (x, y, C) = 0
gives the family of orthogonal trajectories.
Note : Following exact differentials must be remembered :
xdy  ydx  y
(i) xdy + y dx = d(xy) (ii)  d 
x 2
 x

ydx  xdy  x xdy  ydx

(iii) 2
 d  (iv)  d (ln xy)
y  y xy

dx  dy xdy  ydx  y
(v) = d (ln (x + y)) (vi)  d  ln 
xy xy  x

ydx  xdy  x xdy  ydx  y

(vii)  d  ln  (viii)  d  tan 1 
xy  y 2
x y 2
 x

ydx  xdy  x xdx  ydy

(ix) 2 2
 d  tan 1  (x)  d ln x 2  y 2 
x y  y 2
x y 2  

 1  x dy  y dx  e x  y e x dx  e x dy
(xi) d    (xii) d  
 xy x2 y2  y y2

 e y  x e y dy  e y dx
(xiii) d  
 x x2

Page # 4
DIFFERENTIAL EQUATION & AREA UNDER THE CURVE

KEY CONCEPTS (AREA UNDER THE CURVE)

THINGS TO REMEMBER :
1. The area bounded by the curve y = f(x) , the x-axis and the ordinates
at x = a & x = b is given by,
b b
A=  f (x) dx =  y dx.
a a
2. If the area is below the xaxis then A is negative. The convention is
to consider the magnitude only i.e.
b
A=  y dx in this case.
a

3. Area between the curves y = f (x) & y = g (x) between the

ordinates at x = a & x = b is given by,
b b b
A=  f (x) dx   g (x) dx =  [ f (x)  g (x) ] dx.
a a a
4. Average value of a function y = f (x) w.r.t. x over an
interval a  x  b is defined as :
b
1
y (av) =
ba  f (x) dx.
a

d A xa
5. The area function A xa satisfies the differential equation = f (x) with initial condition A aa = 0.
dx
Note : If F (x) is any integral of f (x) then ,
A xa =  f (x) dx = F (x) + c A aa = 0 = F (a) + c  c =  F (a)
hence A xa = F (x)  F (a). Finally by taking x = b we get , Aab = F (b)  F (a).

6. CURVE TRACING :
The following outline procedure is to be applied in Sketching the graph of a function y = f(x) which in
turn will be extremely useful to quickly and correctly evaluate the area under the curves.
(a) Symmetry : The symmetry of the curve is judged as follows :
(i) If all the powers of y in the equation are even then the curve is symmetrical about the axis of x.
(ii) If all the powers of x are even , the curve is symmetrical about the axis of y.
(iii) If powers of x & y both are even, the curve is symmetrical about the axis of x as well as y.
(iv) If the equation of the curve remains unchanged on interchanging x and y, then the curve is symmetrical
about y = x.
(v) If on interchanging the signs of x & y both the equation of the curve is unaltered then there is symmetry
in opposite quadrants.
(b) Find dy/dx & equate it to zero to find the points on the curve where you have horizontal tangents.
(c) Find the points where the curve crosses the xaxis & also the yaxis.
(d) Examine if possible the intervals when f (x) is increasing or decreasing. Examine what happens to ‘y’
when x   or  .
7. USEFUL RESULTS :
(i) Whole area of the ellipse, x2/a2 + y2/b2 = 1 is  ab.
(ii) Area enclosed between the parabolas y2 = 4 ax & x2 = 4 by is 16ab/3.
(iii) Area included between the parabola y2 = 4 ax & the line y = mx is 8 a2/3 m3.
Page # 5
DIFFERENTIAL EQUATION & AREA UNDER THE CURVE

EXERCISE-1 (SPECIAL DPP)

SECTION-A [DIFFERENTIAL EQUATION]

SPECIAL DPP-1

Q.1 Number of values of m  N for which y = emx is a solution of the differential equation
D3y – 3D2y – 4Dy + 12y = 0, is
(A) 0 (B) 1 (C) 2 (D) more than 2

Q.2 Water is drained from a vertical cylindrical tank by opening a valve at the base of the tank. It is known
that the rate at which the water level drops is proportional to the square root of water depth y, where the
constant of proportionality k > 0 depends on the acceleration due to gravity and the geometry of the
1
hole. If t is measured in minutes and k = then the time to drain the tank if the water is 4 meter deep
15
to start with is
(A) 30 min (B) 45 min (C) 60 min (D) 80 min

x2
 1  dy 
Q.3 A curve y = f (x) passing through the point 1,  satisfies the differential equation + xe 2 = 0.
 e dx
Then which of the following does not hold good?
(A) f (x) is differentiable at x = 0.
(B) f (x) is symmetric w.r.t. the origin.
(C) f (x) is increasing for x < 0 and decreasing for x > 0.
(D) f (x) has two inflection points.

Q.4 The order & the degree of the differential equation whose general solution is, y = c(x  c)2, are respectively
(A) 1, 1 (B) 1, 2 (C) 1, 3 (D) 2, 1

Q.5 If the x – intercept of normal to a curve at P(x,y) is twice the abscissa of P then the equation of curve
passing through M(2 , 4) is
(A) x2 +y2 = 20 (B) x2 – y2 = – 12 (C) y2 = 8x (D) 2x2 + y2 = 24

dy
Q.6 Let y = f (x) be a continuous function such that = | x – 1 |. If y (0) = 0 then y (3) equals
dx
3 3 5
(A) (B) (C) (D) 2
2 2 2

dy 2 y
Q.7 If  = 0, y(1) = 1, then y(2) is equal to
dx x
1
(A) 1 (B) 2 (C) 4 (D)
4

Page # 6
DIFFERENTIAL EQUATION & AREA UNDER THE CURVE

Q.8 Let a solution y = y(x) of the differential equation ey dy – (2 + cos x) dx = 0 satisfy y(0) = 0 then the value

of f   is equal to
2
(A) ln  (B) ln (2 + ) (C) ln (1 + ) (D) does not exist

Q.9 The order of differential equation corresponding to y = c1 cos 2x + c2 cos2 x + c3 sin2 x + c4 is

(A) 2 (B) 4 (C) 3 (D) None of these

Q.10 A normal is drawn at a point P(x, y) on a curve. It meets the x-axis and the y-axis at A and B respectively
such that (x-intercept)–1 + (y-intercept)–1 = 1, where O is origin, then find radius of the director circle of
the curve passing through (3, 3).

SPECIAL DPP-2

  y  y
Q.1 A curve passes through the point  1 ,  & its slope at any point is given by  cos2   . Then the
 4 x x
curve has the equation
e
(A) y=x tan–1(ln ) (B) y=x tan–1(ln + 2)
x
1 –1 e
(C) y = tan (ln ) (D) none
x x

x
Q.2 If y = ln | c x | (where c is an arbitrary constant) is the general solution of the differential equation

dy y x x
= +   then the function   is :
dx x y y

x2 x2 y2 y2
(A) 2 (B) – 2 (C) 2 (D) – 2
y y x x

Q.3 The real value of m for which the substitution, y = um will transform the differential equation,
dy
2x4y + y4 = 4x6 into a homogeneous equation is :
dx
(A) m = 0 (B) m = 1 (C) m = 3/2 (D) no value of m

4 y 2  4xy  x 2  
Q.4 Let y' = and y (1) = 0, then  e 2  equals
y
4x 2  
 
  
1 1 
(A) e 2 (B) e2 (C) e 2 (D)
2 4 2

Page # 7
DIFFERENTIAL EQUATION & AREA UNDER THE CURVE

dy xy 1
Q.5 Let y = f (x) satisfy the differential equation = , y (1) = 1, then y   is equal to
dx x e
2 1
(A) 2e (B) (C) 0 (D)
e e

Paragraph for question nos. 6 & 7

x
A differentiable function y = g(x) satisfies  (x  t  1) g(t) dt = x4+ x2 for all x  0.
0
Q.6 y = g(x) satisfies the differential equation
dy dy
(A) – y = 12x2 + 2 (B) + 2y = 12x2 + 2
dx dx
dy dy
(C) + y = 12x2 + 2 (D) + y = 12x2 – 2
dx dx

Q.7 The value of g(0) is equal to

(A) 0 (B) 1 (C) e2 (D) data insufficient

Q.8 A curve is such that the ratio of the subnormal at any point to the sum of its co-ordinates is equal to the
ratio of the ordinate of this point to its abscissa. If the curve passes through M(1, 0), then possible
equation of the curve is(are)
ln x 2( x  1) 1 x2
(A) y = x ln x (B) y = (C) y = (D) y =
x x2 2x

Q.9 Identify the statement(s) which is/are True.

y
(A) f(x , y) = ey/x + tan is a homogeneous function of degree zero
x
y y2 y
(B) x . ln dx + sin1 dy = 0 is a homogeneous differential equation of degree one
x x x
(C) f(x , y) = x2 + sin x . cos y is not homogeneous function.
(D) (x2 + y2) dx - (xy2  y3) dy = 0 is a homegeneous differential equation.

 1
Q.10 Let y = f (x) be a curve C1 passing through (2,2) and  8,  and satisfying a differential equation
 2

 d2y   dy 
2
 
y 2   2  . Curve C2 is the director circle of the circle x2 + y2 = 2. If the shortest distance
 dx   dx 

between the curves C1 and C2 is  

p  q where p, q  N, then find the value of (p2 – q).

Page # 8
DIFFERENTIAL EQUATION & AREA UNDER THE CURVE

SPECIAL DPP-3

Q.1 A function y = f (x) satisfies the differential equation f (x) · sin 2x – cos x + (1 + sin2x) f ' (x) = 0 with
initial condition y (0) = 0. The value of f  6 is equal to
(A) 1/5 (B) 3/5 (C) 4/5 (D) 2/5

Q.2 The solution of the differential equation, ex(x + 1)dx + (yey – xex)dy = 0 with initial condition f (0) = 0,
is
(A) xex + 2y2ey = 0 (B) 2xex + y2ey = 0 (C) xex – 2y2ey = 0 (D) 2xex – y2ey = 0

dy
Q.3 If the differentiable equation – y = y2(sin x + cos x) with y (0) = 1 then y () has the value equal to
dx
(A) e (B) – e (C) e– (D) – e–

Q.4 The equation of curve passing through origin and satisfying the differential equation
dy
(1 + x2) + 2xy = 4x2 , is
dx
(A) 3(1 + x2) y = 2x3 (B) (1 + x2) y = x3 (C) (1 + x2) y = 3x3 (D) 3(1 + x2) y = 4x3

dy
Q.5 Let y = f(x) be a real valued function satisfying x = x2 + y – 2, f (1) = 1 then f (3) equals
dx
(A) 0 (B) 3 (C) 5 (D) 8

Q.6 If y(t) satisfies the differential equation y'(t) + 2 y(t) = 2 e–2t, y(0) = 2 then y(1) equals
3 3 4 4
(A) (B) (C) (D)
e e2 e e2

g ' x  g' (x ) df (x)

Q.7 Let y ' (x) + · y(x) = where f ' (x) denotes and g(x) is a given non-constant
g(x) 1  g2 (x) dx

differentiable function an R. If g(1) = y(1) = 1 and g(e) =  2e  1 then y(e) equals

3 1 2 1
(A) (B) (C) (D)
2g(e) 2g(e) 3g(e) 3g(e)

 
Q.8 If the function y = f(x) satisfies f '(x) + f (x) cot x – 2 cos x = 0, f   = 1, then f   is equal to
2 3
1 3
(A) 0 (B) (C) (D) 2
2 2

Page # 9
DIFFERENTIAL EQUATION & AREA UNDER THE CURVE

Q.9 2 + y2 + 1)dx, y(1) = 0 and y (x0) =

I f 2 x y d y = ( x
3 , then x0 can be
(A) 2 (B) – 2 (C) 3 (D) – 3

1
dy
Q.10 Let function y = f(x) satisfies the differential equation x2 = y2 e x (x  0) and Lim f ( x )  1 .
dx x 0
Identify the correct statement(s)?
1 
(A) Range of f(x) is (0, 1) –   . (B) f(x) is bounded
2
e 1
(C) Lim f ( x )  1 (D)  f ( x ) dx   f ( x ) dx
x 0
0 0

SECTION-B [AREA UNDER THE CURVE]

SPECIAL DPP-1

Q.1 Suppose y = f (x) and y = g(x) are two continuous functions whose graphs intersect at the three points
(0, 4), (2, 2) and (4, 0) with f (x) > g (x) for 0 < x < 2 and f (x) < g (x) for 2 < x < 4.
4 4
If  [f ( x )  g ( x )] dx =10 and  [g( x )  f ( x )] dx =5, the area between two curves for 0 < x < 2, is
0 2
(A) 5 (B) 10 (C) 15 (D) 20

Q.2 Let 'a' be a positive constant number. Consider two curves C1: y = ex, C2 : y =ea – x. Let S be the area
S
of the part surrounding by C1, C2 and the y-axis, then Lim equals
a 0 a2
(A) 4 (B) 1/2 (C) 0 (D) 1/4

Q.3 Area enclosed by the curve y = (x2 + 2x)e–x and the positive x-axis is
(A) 1 (B) 2 (C) 4 (D) 6

Q.4 The slope of the tangent to a curve y = f (x) at (x , f (x)) is 2x + 1 . If the curve passes through the
point (1 , 2) then the area of the region bounded by the curve , the x-axis and the line x = 1 is
5 6 1
(A) (B) (C) (D) 1
6 5 6

Q.5 The area bounded by the curves y =   x and x =   y where x, y  0

(A) cannot be determined
(B) is 1/3
(C) is 2/3
(D) is same as that of the figure bounded by the curves y =  x ; x  0 and x =  y ; y  0

Page # 10
DIFFERENTIAL EQUATION & AREA UNDER THE CURVE

Q.6 Area of region bounded by x = 0, y = 0, x = 2, y = 2, y  ex & y  ln x is

(A) 6 – 4 ln 2 (B) 4 ln 2 – 2 (C) 2 ln 2 – 4 (D) 6 – 2 ln 2


Q.7 The area bounded by the curve y = | cos x – sin x |, 0  x  and above x-axis is
2
(A) 2 2 (B) 2 2  2 (C) 2 2  1 (D) 2 2  2

ex  e x 1
Q.8 The area bounded by the curve y = and the lines y = 0, x = ln 2 and x = ln is
2 2
3 5 3 5
(A) (B) (C) (D)
4 4 2 2

Q.9 Find the area bounded by the curve y= 2 x  x² & the straight line y =  x.

Q.10 Find the area enclosed by the parabola y = 1 + x2 and a normal drawn to it with gradient – 1.

SPECIAL DPP-2

Q.1 The area bounded by the curve y = x e–x ; xy = 0 and x = c where c is the x-coordinate of the curve's
inflection point, is
(A) 1 – 3e–2 (B) 1 – 2e–2 (C) 1 – e–2 (D) 1
3
Q.2 The line y = mx bisects the area enclosed by the curve y = 1 + 4x  x2 & the lines x = 0, x =
2
& y = 0 . Then the value of m is :
13 6 3
(A) (B) (C) (D) 4
6 13 2

Q.3 If the line x – 1 = 0 divides the area bounded by the curves 2x + 1 = 4 y  1 , y = x and y = 2
 
in two regions of area A1 and A2 (A1 < A2), then A12  A 2 2 is equal to
(A) 4 (B) 5 (C) 6 (D) 8

2
Q.4 The area bounded by the curve y = x2 and y = is  sq. units, then the value of [] is
1 x2
[Note : [k] denotes greatest integer less than or equal to k.]
(A) 2 (B) 3 (C) 4 (D) 5

Q.5 Let R be the region satisfying y < x2 + 1, y > x – 1, x < 1 and x > 0, then area of R is
11 3 5
(A) (B) (C) (D) 2
6 2 6

Page # 11
DIFFERENTIAL EQUATION & AREA UNDER THE CURVE

Q.6 Let S be the area enclosed by the curves f(x) = 4|x| – |x|3 and g(x) + 4 – x 2 = 0. The value of [S]
is equal to
[Note : [k] denotes greatest integer less than or equal to k.]
(A) 10 (B) 12 (C) 14 (D) 16

Paragraph for question nos. 7 & 8

Let f be a twice differentiable function such that f " (x) = 1 – f (x) where f ' (0) = f (0) = 1.

Q.7 Area bounded by the curve y = f (x) and the x-axis from x = 0 to x =  is
(A) 2 + 4 (B) + 2 (C) + 4 (D) 2 + 2

2
f (x)  1
Q.8 The value of  cos 2 x  1 dx is equal to
0

   3
(A) (B) (C) (D)
4 4 2 4

Q.9 Consider the functions f (x) and g (x), both defined from R  R and are defined as
f (x) = 2x – x2 and g (x) = xn where n  N. If the area between f (x) and g (x) in first quadrant is 1/2 then
n is a divisor of
(A) 12 (B) 15 (C) 20 (D) 30

Q.10 Find the area bounded by y = xe|x| and lines |x| = 1, y = 0.

SPECIAL DPP-3

Q.1 Consider the following regions in the plane :

R1 = {(x, y) : 0  x  1 and 0  y  1}
R2 = {(x, y) : x2 + y2  4/3}
a 3  b
The area of the region R1  R2 can be expressed as , where a and b are integers. Then the
9
value of (a + b) equals
(A) 2 (B) 3 (C) 4 (D) 5

Q.2 In the shown figure, half a period of sin x from 0 to  is split into two y
regions (light and dark shaded) of equal area by a line through the origin. (k, sin k)
If the line and the sine function intersect at a point whose x co-ordinate
is k, then k satisfies the equation x
O k
(A) k cos k + 2 sin k = 0 (B) k sin k + 2 cos k = 0
(C) k sin k + 2 cos k – 2 = 0 (D) 2 cos k + k sin k + 2 = 0

Page # 12
DIFFERENTIAL EQUATION & AREA UNDER THE CURVE

Q.3 Let f be a positive continuous function on the interval [–2, 3] and A(t) is the area of the region bounded
A (3)  A ( t )
by the graph of y = f (x) and the lines y = 0, x = – 2, and x = t where t  (–2, 3). If Lim
t 3 3 t
is equal to 100 then the value of f (3) equals
1
(A) 3 (B) 100 (C) (D) 300
100

Paragraph for Question no. 4 to 6

The graph of a polynomial f(x) of degree 3 is as shown in the figure and slope of tangent at Q (0, 5) is 3.

y
Q 5
4
3
2
1
P R
x
–2–1 O1 2 3

Q.4 Number of solutions of the equation f (| x |) = 3, is

(A) 1 (B) 2 (C) 3 (D) 4

Q.5 The equation of normal at the point where curve crosses y-axis, is
(A) 3x + y = 15 (B) x + 3y = 15 (C) x + 3y = 5 (D) 3x + y = 5

Q.6 Area bounded by the curve y = f(x) with x axis and lines x + 1 = 0, x – 1 = 0 is
13 15 17 19
(A) (B) (C) (D)
2 2 2 2

Q.7 Let T be the triangle with vertices (0, 0), (0, c2) and (c, c2) and let R be the region between y = cx and
y = x2 where c > 0 then
c3 c3
(A) Area (R) = (B) Area of R =
6 3
Area (T ) Area (T ) 3
(C) Lim =3 (D) Lim =
c0 Area ( R ) c0  Area ( R ) 2

Page # 13
DIFFERENTIAL EQUATION & AREA UNDER THE CURVE

Q.8 Find the value of k > 0 so that the area of the bounded region enclosed betwen the parabolas
x2
y = x – kx2 and y = is maximum.
k

1
Q.9 Let An be the area bounded by the curve y = xn (n 1) and the line x = 0, y = 0 and x = .
2
n 2n A n 1
If  n

3
then find the value of n.
n 1

Q.10 Let y = f (x) be a curve which satisfies the differential equation ex dy + (x – 1)dx = 0 and f(0) = 0.
If area enclosed by the curve, the x-axis and a line x = c where c, f (c)  is the point of inflection on
 p
the curve is 1  q  , p, q  N then find the value of (p + q).
 e 

EXERCISE-2

SECTION-A [DIFFERENTIAL EQUATION]

(Formation & Variables Separable)]

Q.1 State the order and degree of the following differential equations:
3/ 2
d 2y   d y  
3 4 2
 d 2x  dx
(i)  2      xt = 0 (ii)  1    
d t  dt  d x2   d x  
 

Q.2(a) Form the differential equation of the family of curves represented by,
c (y + c)2 = x3 ; where c is any arbitrary constant.
(b) Form a differential equation for the family of curves represented by ax2 + by2 = 1, where a & b are
arbitary constants.
(c) Obtain the differential equation of the family of circles x 2 + y2 + 2gx + 2fy + c = 0;
where g , f & c are arbitary constants.
(d) Obtain the differential equation associated with the primitive,
y = c1e3x + c2e2x + c3 ex, where c1, c2, c3 are arbitrary constants.

dy
Q.3 Solve : = sin (x + y) + cos (x + y)
dx

dy x (2 ln x  1)
Q.4 Solve : =
dx sin y  y cos y

dy 
Q.5 Solve : sin x . = y . lny if y = e, when x =
dx 2

Page # 14
DIFFERENTIAL EQUATION & AREA UNDER THE CURVE

Q.6 The population P of a town decreases at a rate proportional to the number by which the population
exceeds 1000, proportionality constant being k > 0. Find
(a) Population at any time t, given initial population of the town being 2500.
(b) If 10 years later the population has fallen to 1900, find the time when the population will be 1500.
(c) Predict about the population of the town in the long run.

Q.7 It is known that the decay rate of radium is directly proportional to its quantity at each given instant. Find
the law of variation of a mass of radium as a function of time if at t = 0, the mass of the radius was m0
and during time t0  % of the original mass of radium decay.

Q.8 A normal is drawn at a point P(x , y) of a curve. It meets the x axis at Q. If PQ is of constant length
dy
= ± k 2  y 2 . Find the
dx
k , t h e n s h o w t h a t t h e d i f f e r e n t i a l e q u a t i o n d e s c r i b i n g s u c h c u r v e s i s , y

equation of such a curve passing through (0, k).

Q.9 Let C be a curve passing through M (2, 2) such that the slope of the tangent at any point to the curve
is reciprocal of the ordinate of the point. If the area bounded by curve C and line x = 2 is expressed
p
as a rational (where p and q are in their lowest form), then find (p + q).
q

Q.10 A curve is such that the length of the polar radius of any point on the curve is equal to the length of the
tangent drawn at this point. Form the differential equation and solve it to find the equation of the curve.

x
Q.11 Let f (x) is a continuous function which takes positive values for x  0 and satisfy  f ( t ) dt = x f ( x )
0

1
with f (1) = . Find the value of f
2
 2 1 . 
dy x 2  xy
Q.12 Solve : = 2
dx x  y2

Q.13 Find the equation of a curve such that the projection of its ordinate upon the normal is equal to its
abscissa.

Q.14 The light rays emanating from a point source situated at origin when reflected from the mirror of a search
light are reflected as beam parallel to the x-axis. Show that the surface is parabolic, by first forming the
differential equation and then solving it.

 y y  y y dy
Q.15 x cos x  y sin x  y = y sin x  x cos x  x d x
   

dy xy1
Q.16 =
dx 2x  2y  3

Page # 15
DIFFERENTIAL EQUATION & AREA UNDER THE CURVE

2
dy 2 (y  2)
Q.17 =
dx (x  y  1)2

Q.18 Let y(x) be a real-valued differentiable function on the interval (0, ) such that y(1) = 0 and
y( x )
satisfies y'(x) = ln x + 2 – . Find the value of [y(e) – y'(e)].
x lnx
[Note: where [k] denotes largest integer less than or equal to k.]
x x
Q.19 Find the differentiable function which satisfies the equation f (x) = –  f ( t ) tan t dt   tan( t  x ) dt
0 0

where x    2 ,  2

Q.20 A tank contains 100 litres of fresh water. A solution containing 1 gm/litre of soluble lawn fertilizer runs
into the tank at the rate of 1 lit/min, and the mixture is pumped out of the tank at the rate of 3 litres/min.
Find the time when the amount of fertilizer in the tank is maximum.
2
 dy dy
Q.21    (x  y)  xy  0
 dx dx

Q.22 (1  xy + x2 y2) dx = x2 dy

1
dy
Q.23
dx
=y+  y dx given y = 1 , where x = 0
0

Q.24 Find the curve which passes through the point (2, 0) such that the segment of the tangent between the
point of tangency & the y axis has a constant length equal to 2 .

Q.25 Find the equation of the curve passing through the orgin if the middle point of the segment of its normal
from any point of the curve to the x-axis lies on the parabola 2y2 = x.

SECTION-B [AREA UNDER THE CURVE]

Q.1 Find the area bounded on the right by the line x + y = 2, on the left by the parabola y = x2 and below by
the x-axis.

Q.2 Find the area of the region bounded by curves f (x) = (x – 4)2, g (x) = 16 – x2 and the x - axis.

x
Q.3 A figure is bounded by the curves y = 2 sin , y = 0, x = 2 & x = 4. At what angles to the positive
4
xaxis straight lines must be drawn through (4, 0) so that these lines partition the figure into three parts
of the same size.

Q.4 Find the area bounded by the curves y = 1  x 2 and y = x3  x. Also find the ratio in which the y-axis
divided this area.

Page # 16
DIFFERENTIAL EQUATION & AREA UNDER THE CURVE

Q.5 The line 3x + 2y = 13 divides the area enclosed by the curve,

9x2 + 4y2  18x  16y  11 = 0 into two parts. Find the ratio of the larger area to the smaller area.

Q.6 Find the values of m (m > 0) for which the area bounded by the line y = mx + 2 and
x = 2y – y2 is , (i) 9/2 square units & (ii) minimum. Also find the minimum area.

1
Q.7 Consider two curves C1 : y = and C2 : y = ln x on the xy plane. Let D1 denotes the region surrounded
x
by C1, C2 and the line x = 1 and D2 denotes the region surrounded by C1, C2 and the line x = a.
If D1 = D2. Find the value of 'a'.

Q.8 Find the area enclosed between the curves : y = loge (x + e) , x = loge (1/y) & the xaxis.

Q.9 For what value of 'a' is the area bounded by the curve y = a2x2 + ax + 1 and the straight line y = 0,
x = 0 & x = 1 the least ?

a
Q.10 Let f (x) = 1 + cos x and g (x) = . If f (0) = g (0), f ' (0) = g ' (0), f " (0) = g " (0).
bx  cx  1 2

and the area bounded by the graph of g (x) and x-axis is k then find the value of k.

2
x
Q.11 Find the area bounded by the curve y = x e , the x-axis, and the line x = c where y(c) is maximum.

Q.12 The figure shows two regions in the first quadrant.

Y
y=sin x2 P(t, sin t2) Y P(t, sin t2)
A(t) B(t)
X t X X X
O O Y t
Y
A(t) is the area under the curve y = sin x2 from 0 to t and B(t) is the area of the triangle with vertices O,
A( t )
P and M(t, 0). Find Lim .
t0 B( t )

Q.13 Consider the curve y = xn where n > 1 in the 1st quadrant. If the area bounded by the curve, the x-axis
and the tangent line to the graph of y = xn at the point (1, 1) is maximum then find the value of n.

ln x  c
Q.14 Show that the area bounded by the curve y = , the x-axis and the vertical line through the
x
maximum point of the curve is independent of the constant c.

Q.15 Let An be the area bounded by the curve y = (tan x)n & the lines x = 0, y = 0 & x = /4. Prove that for
n > 2 , An + An2 = 1/(n  1) & deduce that 1/(2n + 2) < An < 1/(2n  2).

Page # 17
DIFFERENTIAL EQUATION & AREA UNDER THE CURVE

EXERCISE-3
SECTION-A
(JEE-MAIN Previous Year's Questions)
DIFFERENTIAL EQUATION
Q.1 The differential equation of the family of circles with fixed radius 5 units and centre on the line y = 2 is

(1) (y – 2) y2 = 25 – (y – 2)2 (2) (y – 2)2 y2 = 25 – (y – 2)2

(3) (x – 2)2 y2 = 25 – (y – 2)2 (4) (x – 2) y2 = 25 – (y – 2)2 [AIEEE 2008]

dy xy
Q.2 The solution of the differential equation = satisfying the condition y (1) = 1 is
dx x
(1) y = x n x + x2 (2) y = xe(x–1)
(3) y = x n x + x (4) y = n x + x [AIEEE 2008]

Q.3 The differential equation which represents the family of curves y = c1 ec2 x where c1 and c2 are arbitrary
constants, is [AIEEE 2009]
(1) y= y2 (2) y= y y (3) yy = y (4) yy = (y)2

Q.4 Solution of the differential equation cos x dy = y (sin x – y) dx, 0  x  , is
2
(1) sec x = (tan x + c) y (2) y sec x = tan x + c
(3) y tan x = sec x + c (4) tan x = (sec x + c)y [AIEEE 2010]

Q.5 Let I be the purchase value of an equipment and V(t) be the value after it has been used for t years. The
dV ( t )
value V(t) depreciates at a rate given by differential equation = –k(T – t), where k > 0 is a
dt
constant and T is the total life in years of the equipment. Then the scrap value V(T) of the equipment is
I kT 2 k (T  t ) 2
(1) T2 – (2) I – (3) I – (4) e – kT [AIEEE 2011]
k 2 2
dy
Q.6 If = y + 3 > 0 and y (0) = 2, then y (ln 2) is equal to
dx
(1) 7 (2) 5 (3) 13 (4) – 2 [AIEEE 2011]

Q.7 The population p(t) at time t of a certain mouse species satisfies the differential equation
dp( t )
= 0.5 p(t) – 450. If p(0) = 850, then the time at which the population becomes zero is
dt
1
(1) ln 18 (2) ln 18 (3) 2 ln 18 (4) ln 9 [AIEEE 2012]
2

Page # 18
DIFFERENTIAL EQUATION & AREA UNDER THE CURVE

Q.8 At present, a firm is manufacturing 2000 items. It is estimated that the rate of change of production P
dP
w.r.t. additional number of workers x is given by = 100 – 12 x . If the firm employs 25 more
dx
workers, then the new level of production of items is
(1) 3000 (2) 3500 (3) 4500 (4) 2500
[JEE (Main) 2013]

Q.9 Let the population of rabbits surviving at a time t be governed by the differential equation
dp( t ) 1
= p(t) – 200.
dt 2
If p(0) = 100, then p(t) equals [JEE (Main) 2014]
t t t t
(1) 400 – 300 e 2 (2) 400 – 300 e 2 (3) 300 – 200 e 2 (4) 600 – 500 e 2

dy
Q.10 Let y(x) be the solution of the differential equation (x log x) + y = 2x log x, (x  1). Then y(e)
dx
is equal to
(1) 2 (2) 2e (3) e (4) 0 [JEE (Main) 2015]

Q.11 If a curve y = f(x) passes through the point (1, – 1) and satisfies the differential equation
 1 
y (1 + xy) dx = x dy, then f   is equal to
 2 
4 2 4 2
(1) (2) (3) (4) [JEE (Main) 2016]
5 5 5 5

dy 
Q.12 If (2 + sin x) + (y + 1) cos x = 0 and y(0) = 1, then y  is equal to
dx 2
1 2 1 4
(1) (2) (3) (4) [JEE (Main) 2017]
3 3 3 3

dy
Q.13 Let y = y(x) be the solution of the differential equation sin x  y cos x  4 x , x  (0, ) .
dx
 
If y    0 , then y   is equal to: [JEE (Main) 2018]
2 6
8 2 4 2 4 8 2
(1)   (2)   (3) 2 (4) 
9 9 9 3 9 3

Page # 19
DIFFERENTIAL EQUATION & AREA UNDER THE CURVE

dy 1
Q.14 If y = y(x) is the solution of the differential equation, x + 2y = x2 satisfying y(1) = 1, then y  is
dx 2
equal to [JEE Main 2019]
7 49 13 1
(1) (2) (3) (4)
64 16 16 4

Q.15 Let f : [0, 1]  R be such that f (xy) = f (x) · f (y), for all x, y  [0, 1] and f (0)  0. If y = y(x) satisfies
dy 1 3
the differential equation, = f (x) with y (0) = 1, then y    y   is equal to
dx 4 4
(1) 5 (2) 4 (3) 2 (4) 3
[JEE Main 2019]
 
,  and y    = , then 
dy 3 1 4
Q.16 If  y= , x  y  equal
2
dx cos x 2
cos x  3 3 4 3  4 
1 3 4 1 1 6
(1) e (2)  (3) (4) e
3 3 3 3
[JEE Main 2019]

Q.17 The curve amongst the family of curves represented by the differential equation,
(x2 – y2) dx + 2xy dy = 0 which passes through (1, 1) is [JEE Main 2019]
(1) a hyperbola with transverse axis along the x-axis.
(2) a circle with centre on the x-axis.
(3) a circle with centre on the y-axis.
(4) an ellipse with major axis along the y-axis

3 f (x) 1
Q.18 Let f be a differentiable function such that f '(x) = 7 – , (x > 0) and f(1)  4. Then Lim xf  
4 x x 0 
x
4
(1) exists and equals (2) exists and equals 0
7
(3) does not exist (4) exists and equals 4 [JEE Main 2019]

dy  2 x  1  2 x
Q.19 If y(x) is the solution of the differential equation +  y  e , x > 0,
dx  x 
1 –2
where y(1) = e , then: [JEE Main 2019]
2
log e 2
(1) y(loge 2) = loge4 (2) y (loge 2) =
4
1 
(3) y(x) is decreasing in  , 1 (4) y(x) is decreasing in (0, 1)
2 

Page # 20
DIFFERENTIAL EQUATION & AREA UNDER THE CURVE

 x  y  , when y(1) = 1, is
dy 2
Q.20 The solution of the differential equation
dx
2x 1 x  y
(1) log e xy (2)  log e  2x  1
2y 1 x  y

1 x  y 2y
(3)  log e  xy2 (4) log e  2( y  1) [JEE Main 2019]
1 x  y 2x
dy
Q.21 Let y = y(x) be the solution of the differential equation, x  y  x log e x , (x > 1).
dx
If 2 y(2)  log e 4  1 , then y(e) is equal to [JEE Main 2019]

e e2  e2 e
(1) (2) (3) (4)
2 4 2 4

 1
Q.22 Consider the differential equation, y2dx +  x   dy = 0. If value of y is 1 when x = 1, then the value
 y
of x for which y = 2, is [JEE Main 2019]
1 1 5 1 3 3 1
(1)  (2)  (3)  e (4) 
2 e 2 e 2 2 e

Q.23 Let f be a differentiable function such that f (1) = 2 and f ' (x) = f (x) for all x  R . If h (x) = f f ( x )  ,
then h'(1) is equal to [JEE Main 2019]
(1) 2e (2) 4e2 (3) 2e 2 (4) 4e

Q.24 If a curve passes through the point (1, – 2) and has slope of the tangent at any point (x, y) on it as
x 2  2y
, then the curve also passes through the point [JEE Main 2019]
x
(1)  3, 0  (2) (–1, 2) (3) (3, 0) 
(4)  2 , 1 
dy
Q.25 Let y = y(x) be the solution of the differential equation, (x2 + 1)2 + 2x(x2 + 1)y = 1 such that
dx

y(0) = 0. If a y(1) = , then the value of 'a' is [JEE Main 2019]
32
1 1 1
(1) 1 (2) (3) (4)
16 4 2
2y
Q.26 Given that the slope of the tangent to a curve y = y(x) at any point (x, y) is . If the curve passes
x2
through the centre of the circle x2 + y2 – 2x – 2y = 0, then its equation is
(1) x2 loge | y | = – 2(x – 1) (2) x loge | y | = – 2(x – 1)
(3) x loge | y | = 2(x – 1) (4) x loge | y | = x – 1 [JEE Main 2019]
Page # 21
DIFFERENTIAL EQUATION & AREA UNDER THE CURVE

dy
Q.27 The solution of the differential equation x + 2y = x2 (x  0) with y(1) = 1, is [JEE Main 2019]
dx
4 3 1 x2 3 3 2 1 x3 1
(1) y = x  2 (2) y =  2 (3) y = x  2 (4) y =  2
5 5x 4 4x 4 4x 5 5x

dy    
Q.28 If cos x  y sin x  6 x ,  0  x   and y   0 , then y  is equal to [JEE Main 2019]
dx  2 3 6

2 2 2 2
(1)  (2)  (3)  (4)
2 4 3 2 3 2 3

Q.29 The general solution of the differential equation (y2 – x3) dx – xydy = 0 ( x  0) is
(where c is a constant of integration) [JEE Main 2019]
2 2 3
(1) y – 2x + cx = 0 2 3
(2) y + 2x + cx = 02
2 2 3
(3) y + 2x + cx = 0 (4) y2 – 2x3 + cx2 = 0

dy   
Q.30 If y = y(x) is the solution of the differential equation = (tan x – y) sec2 x, x    ,  , such that
dx  2 2
 
y(0) = 0, then y    is equal to [JEE Main 2019]
 4
1 1 1
(1) 2 + (2) e – 2 (3) –2 (4) –e
e e 2

dy   
Q.31 Let y = y(x) be the solution of the differential equation, + y tan x = 2x + x2 tan x, x   ,  , such
dx  2 2
that y(0) = 1. Then [JEE Main 2019]
      
2
(1) y '    y '       2 (2) y   y     2
4  4 4  4 2
    
(3) y   y    2 (4) y'    y'   2
4  4 4  4 

Page # 22
DIFFERENTIAL EQUATION & AREA UNDER THE CURVE

AREA UNDER THE CURVE

Q.1 T h e a r e a o f t h e p l a n e r e g i o n b o u n d e d b y t h e c u r v e s x + 2 y
2 = 0 and x + 3y2 = 1 is equal to

1 2 4 5
(1) (2) (3) (4) [AIEEE 2008]
3 3 3 3

Q.2 The area of the region bounded by the parabola (y – 2)2 = x – 1, the tangent to the parabola at the point
(2, 3) and the x – axis is
(1) 3 (2) 6 (3) 9 (4) 12 [AIEEE 2009]

3
Q.3 The area bounded by the curves y = cos x and y = sin x between the ordinates x = 0 and x = is
2

(1) 4 2  2 sq. unit  
(2) 4 2  2 sq. unit 
(3) 4 2  1 sq. unit (4) 4 2  1 sq. unit [AIEEE 2010]

Q.4 The area of the region enclosed by the curves y = x, x = e, y = 1/x and the positive x-axis is
(1) 1/2 square units (2) 1 square units
(3) 3/2 square units (4) 5/2 square units [AIEEE 2011]

y
Q.5 The area bounded between the parabolas x2 = and x2 = 9y, and the straight line y = 2 is
4
20 2 10 2
(1) (2) 10 2 (3) 20 2 (4) [AIEEE 2012]
3 3

Q.6 The area (in square units) bounded by the curves y = x , 2y – x + 3 = 0, x-axis and lying in the first
quadrant is
27
(1) 36 (2) 18 (3) (4) 9 [JEE (Main) 2013]
4

Q.7 The area of the region described by A = {(x, y) : x2 + y2  1 and y2  1 – x} is [JEE (Main) 2014]
 2  4  4  2
(1)  (2)  (3)  (4) 
2 3 2 3 2 3 2 3

Q.8 The area (in sq. units) of the region described by {(x, y) : y2  2x and y  4x – 1} is
15 9 7 5
(1) (2) (3) (4)
64 32 32 64
[JEE (Main) 2015]

Q.9 The area (in sq. units) of the region {(x, y): y2  2x and x2 + y2  4x, x  0, y  0} is
 2 2 4 8 4 2
(1)  (2)  – (3)  – (4)  –
2 3 3 3 3
[JEE (Main) 2016]
Page # 23
DIFFERENTIAL EQUATION & AREA UNDER THE CURVE

Q.10 The area (in sq. units) of the region {(x, y) : x  0, x + y  3, x2  4y and y  1 + x } is
59 3 7 5
(1) (2) (3) (4)
12 2 3 2
[JEE (Main) 2017]

Q.11 Let g(x) = cos x 2 , f(x) = x and ,  ( < ) be the roots of the quadratic equation
18x2 – 9x + 2 = 0. Then the area (in sq. units) bounded by the curve y = (gof) (x) and the lines x = ,
x =  and y = 0, is

(1)
1
2
 3 2  (2)
1
2
 2 1 
(3)
1
2
 
3 1 (4)
1
2
 
3 1 [JEE (Main) 2018]

Q.12 The area (in sq. units) bounded by the parabola y = x2 – 1, the tangent at the point (2, 3) to it and the
y-axis is : [JEE Main 2019]
14 8 56 32
(1) (2) (3) (4)
3 3 3 3

Q.13 The area of the region A = {(x, y) : 0  y  x | x | + 1 and – 1  x  1} in sq. units, is

1 2 4
(1) (2) (3) 2 (4) [JEE Main 2019]
3 3 3

Q.14 If the area enclosed between the curves y = kx2 and x = ky2, (k > 0), is 1 square unit. Then k is
1 2 3
(1) (2) (3) 3 (4) [JEE Main 2019]
3 3 2

Q.15 The area (in sq. units) of the region bounded by the curve x2 = 4y and the straight line x = 4y – 2 is
5 9 7 3
(1) (2) (3) (4) [JEE Main 2019]
4 8 8 4

Q.16 The area (in sq. units) in the first quadrant bounded by the parabola, y = x2 + 1, the tangent to it at the
point (2, 5) and the coordinate axes is [JEE Main 2019]
8 37 187 14
(1) (2) (3) (4)
3 24 24 3

Q.17 The area (in sq. units) of the region bounded by the parabola, y = x2 + 2 and the lines, y = x + 1, x = 0
and x = 3, is [JEE Main 2019]
17 15 21 15
(1) (2) (3) (4)
4 2 2 4

Page # 24
DIFFERENTIAL EQUATION & AREA UNDER THE CURVE

Q.18 The area (in sq. units) of the region A = {(x, y)  R × R | 0  x  3, 0  y  4, y  x2 + 3x} is
59 53 26
(1) (2) (3) (4) 8 [JEE Main 2019]
6 6 3

Q.19 The area (in sq. units) of the region A = {(x, y) : x2  y  x + 2} is [JEE Main 2019]
31 13 10 9
(1) (2) (3) (4)
6 6 3 2

y2
Q.20 The area (in sq. units) of the region A  {( x , y) :  x  y  4} is [JEE Main 2019]
2
53
(1) 16 (2) 18 (3) (4) 30
3

Q.21 The region represented by | x – y |  2 and | x + y |  2 is bounded by a [JEE Main 2019]

(1) rhombus of area 8 2 sq.units (2) square of side length 2 2 units
(3) square of area 16 sq. units (4) rhombus of side length 2 units

Q.22 The area (in sq. units) of the region bounded by the curves y = 2x and y = |x + 1|, in the first quadrant is
3 1 3 1 3
(1) (2) (3) 2  log 2 (4) log e 2 
2 2 e 2
[JEE Main 2019]

1
Q.23 If the area (in sq. units) bounded by the parabola y2 = 4  x and line y =  x,  > 0 is , then  is equal
9
to [JEE Main 2019]
(1) 4 3 (2) 24 (3) 2 6 (4) 48

SECTION-B
(JEE-ADVANCE Previous Year's Questions)

DIFFERENTIAL EQUATION
2
Q.1 Let a solution y = y (x) of the differential equation, x x 2  1 dy  y y 2  1 dx  0 satisfy y (2) = .
3
 
STATEMENT-1 : y (x) = sec  sec 1 x  
 6

1 2 3 1
STATEMENT-2 : y (x) is given by   1 2
y x x
(A) Statement-1 is True, Statement-2 is True; statement-2 is a correct explanation for statement-1
(B) Statement-1 is True, Statement-2 is True; statement-2 is NOT a correct explanation for statement-1
(C) Statement-1 is True, Statement-2 is False
(D) Statement-1 is False, Statement-2 is True [JEE 2008, 3]
Page # 25
DIFFERENTIAL EQUATION & AREA UNDER THE CURVE

Q.2(i) Match the statements/expressions In Column I with the open intervals In Column II.
Column I Column II
  
(A) Interval contained in the domain of definition of non-zero (p)  , 
 2 2
solutions of the differential equation (x - 3)2 y +y = 0
 
(B) Interval containing the value of the integral (q)  0, 
 2
5

 ( x  1) ( x  2) ( x  3) ( x  4) ( x  5)dx
1

  5 
(C) Interval in which at least one of the points of local maximum (r)  , 
8 4 
of cos2x + sin x lies
 
(D) Interval in which tan–1 (sin x + cos x) is increasing (s)  0, 
 8

(t) ( – , )

(ii) Match the statements/expressions given in Column I with the values given in Column II.
Column I Column II
(A) The number of solutions of the equation (p) 1
 
xesin x  cos x  0 in the interval  0, 2 

(B) Value(s) of k for which the planes (q) 2

kx + 4y + z = 0, 4x + ky + 2z = 0 and 2x + 2y + z = 0
intersect in a straight line
(C) Value(s) of k for which |x – 1| + |x – 2| + |x + 1| + |x + 2| = 4k (r) 3
has integer solution(s)
(D) If y = y + 1 and y(0) = 1, then value(s) of y (ln 2) (s) 4

(t) 5
[JEE 2009, (2+2+2+2)×2]

Q.3 Let f be a real valued differentiable function on R (the set of all real numbers) such that f (1) = 1. If the
y-intercept of the tangent at any point P(x, y) on the curve y = f (x) is equal to the cube of the abscissa
of P, then the value of f (–3) is equal to [JEE 2010, 3]
x
Q.4(a)Let f : [1, )  [2, ) be a differentiable function such that f (1) = 2. If 6  f ( t ) dt = 3x f (x) – x3 – 5 for
1
all x  1, then the value of f (2) is
d f (x)
(b) Let y'(x) + y(x) g'(x) = g(x) g'(x), y (0) = 0, x  R, where f '(x) denotes and g (x) is a given
d( x )
non-constant differentiable function on R with g (0) = g (2) = 0. Then the value of y(2) is
[JEE 2011, 4+4]

Page # 26
DIFFERENTIAL EQUATION & AREA UNDER THE CURVE

Q.5 If y (x) satisfies the differential equation y' – y tan x = 2x sec x and y(0) = 0, then
 2  
2
y   (B) y '   
4 8 2  4  18
( A )

     4 2
2 2
(C) y '    (D) y '     [JEE 2012, 4]
3 9 3 3 3 3

 
Q.6 A curve passes through the point 1,  . Let the slope of the curve at each point (x, y) be
 6
y y
 sec   , x > 0. Then the equation of the curve is [JEE (Advanced) 2013, 2]
x x

y 1 y
(A) sin   = log x + (B) cosec   = log x + 2
x 2 x
 2y   2y  1
(C) sec   = log x + 2 (D) cos   = log x +
 x   x  2

dy xy x 4  2x
Q.7 The function y = f (x) is the solution of differential equation   in (–1, 1)
dx x 2  1 1 x2
3
2
satisfying f (0) = 0. Then  f ( x )dx is [JEE (Advanced) 2014, 3]
3

2

 3  3  3  3
(A)  (B)  (C)  (D) 
3 2 3 4 6 4 6 2

Q.8 Let y (x) be a solution of the differential equation (1 + ex)y' + yex = 1. If y (0) = 2, then which of the
following statements is(are) true?
(A) y (– 4) = 0
(B) y (– 2) = 0
(C) y (x) has a critical point in the interval (– 1, 0)
(D) y (x) has no critical point in the interval (– 1, 0) [JEE (Advanced) 2015, 4]

Q.9 Consider the family of all circles whose centers lie on the straight line y = x. If this family of circles is
represented by the differential equation Py'' + Qy' + 1 = 0, where P, Q are functions of x, y and y'
dy d2y
(here y' = , y'' = 2 ), then which of the following statement(s) is(are) true?
dx dx
(A) P = y + x (B) P = y – x
(C) P + Q = 1 – x + y + y' + (y')2 (D) P – Q = x + y – y' – (y')2.
[JEE (Advanced) 2015, 4]
Page # 27
DIFFERENTIAL EQUATION & AREA UNDER THE CURVE

f (x)
Q.10 Let f : (0, )  R be a differentiable function such that f '(x) = 2 – for all x  (0, ) and
x
f (1)  1. Then
1 1
(A) Lim f '   = 1 (B) Lim xf   = 2
x 0 
x x 0 x
(C) Lim x 2f ' ( x ) = 0 (D) | f (x) |  2 for all x  (0, 2)
x 0 
[JEE (Advanced) 2016, 4]

dy
Q.11 A solution curve of the differential equation (x2 + xy + 4x + 2y + 4) – y2 = 0, x > 0, passes through
dx
the point (1, 3). Then the solution curve [JEE (Advanced) 2016, 4]
(A) intersects y = x + 2 exactly at one point (B) intersects y = x + 2 exactly at two points
(C) intersects y = (x + 2)2 (D) does NOT intersect y = (x + 3)2

Q.12 If y = y(x) satisfies the differential equation

1
 
8 x  9  x  dy =  4  9  x  dx , x > 0
   
and y(0) = 7 , then y(256) = [JEE (Advanced) 2017, 3]
(A) 16 (B) 80 (C) 3 (D) 9

Q.13 Let f : (0, ) R be a twice differentiable function such that

f ( x ) sin t  f ( t ) sin x
Lim = sin2x for all x (0, ).
tx tx
 
If f   = – , then which of the following statement(s) is(are) TRUE ?
6 12

 
(A) f   =
4 4 2
x4
(B) f (x) < – x2 for all x  (0, )
6
(C) There exists (0, ) such that f '() = 0
 
(D) f "    f   = 0 [JEE (Advanced) 2018, 4]
2 2

Q.14 Let f : R  R be a differentiable function with f (0) = 0. If y = f (x) satisfies the differential equation
dy
= (2 + 5y) (5y – 2),
dx
then the value of Lim f ( x ) is______. [JEE (Advanced) 2018, 3]
x 

Page # 28
DIFFERENTIAL EQUATION & AREA UNDER THE CURVE

x
Q.15 Let f : [0, )  R be a continuous function such that f(x) = 1 – 2x +  e x  t f ( t ) dt for all x  [0, ).
0
Then, which of the following statement(s) is(are) TRUE? [JEE ADV. 2018]
(A) The curve y = f(x) passes through the point (1, 2).
(B) The curve y = f(x) passes through the point (2, – 1).


(C) The area of the region ( x , y)  [0,1]  R : f ( x )  y  1  x 2  is  4 2 .
(D) The area of the region  ( x , y)  [0,1]  R : f ( x )  y  1 x2  is  41 .
Q.16 Let  denote a curve y = y(x) which is in the first quadrant and let the point (1, 0) lie on it. Let the
tangent to  at a point P intersect the y-axis at YP. If PYP has length 1 for each point P on  , then
which of the following options is/are correct? [JEE ADV. 2019]
1 1 x2  1 1 x2 
(1) y   log e    1 x2 (2) y  log e    1 x2
 x   x 
   

(3) xy' 1  x 2  0 (4) xy' 1  x 2 = 0

AREA UNDER THE CURVE

[JEE-ADVANCE Previous Year's Questions]
Q.1
1 sin x 1 sin x
(a) The area of the region between the curves y = and y = bounded by the lines
cos x cos x

x = 0 and x = is
4
2 1 2 1
t 4t
(A)  (1  t 2 ) 1  t 2
dt (B)  (1  t 2 ) 1  t 2
dt
0 0

2 1 2 1
4t t
(C)  (1  t ) 1  t
2 2
dt (D)  (1  t ) 1  t 2
2
dt
0 0

(b) Comprehension (3 questions together):

Consider the functions defined implicitly by the equation y3 – 3y + x = 0 on various intervals in the real
line.
If x (–, –2)(2, ), the equation implicitly defines a unique real valued differentiable function y = f
(x).
If x (–2, 2), the equation implicitly defines a unique real valued differentiable function y=g(x) satisfying
g(0)=0.

Page # 29
DIFFERENTIAL EQUATION & AREA UNDER THE CURVE

(i) If f (–10 2 ) = 2 2 , then f '' (–10 2 ) =

4 2 4 2 4 2 4 2
(A) (B)  (C) (D) 
7332 7332 733 733

(ii) The area of the region bounded by the curve y = f (x), the x-axis, and the lines x = a and x = b,
where – < a < b < –2, is
b b
x x
(A)   
3 (f ( x )) 2  1
dx + b f (b) – a f (a) (B) –  3(f (x )) 2  1 dx + b f (b) – a f (a)
a a

b b
x x
(C)   
3 (f ( x )) 2  1
dx – b f (b) + a f (a) (D) –  3(f (x )) 2  1 dx – b f (b) + a f (a)
a a

(iii)  g' (x) dx =

1
(A) 2g(–1) (B) 0 (C) – 2 g(1) (D) 2 g(1)
[JEE 2008, 3 + 4 + 4 + 4]

Q.2 Area of the region bounded by the curve y = ex and lines x = 0 and y = e is
e 1 e

(B)  ln (e  1  y)dy (C) e   e dx (D)  ln y dy

x
(A) e – 1
1 0 1

[JEE 2009, 4]

Q.3 Consider the polynomial

f(x) = l + 2x + 3x2 + 4x3. Let s be the sum of all distinct real roots of f(x) and let t = | s |.
(i) The real number s lies in the interval
 1   3  3 1  1
(A)   , 0  (B)   11,   (C)   ,   (D)  0, 
 4   4  4 2  4
(ii) The area bounded by the curve y = f(x) and the lines x = 0, y = 0 and x = t, lies in the interval
3   21 11   21 
A)  , 3  (B)  ,  (C) (9, 10) (D)  0, 
4   64 16   64 
(iii) The function f (x) is
 1  1 
(A) increasing in   t ,   and decreasing in   , t 
 4  4 
 1  1 
(B) decreasing in   t ,   and increasing in   , t 
 4  4 
(C) increasing in (– t, t)
(D) decreasing in (– t, t) [JEE 2010, 3+3+3]

Page # 30
DIFFERENTIAL EQUATION & AREA UNDER THE CURVE

Q.4
(a) Let the straight line x = b divide the area enclosed by y = (1 – x)2, y = 0 and x = 0 into two parts R1
1
(0  x  b) and R2 (b  x  1) such that R1 – R2 = . Then b equals
4
3 1 1 1
(A) (B) (C) (D)
4 2 3 4

(b) Let f : [–1, 2]  [0, ] be a continuous function such that f (x) = f (1 – x) for all x  [–1, 2].
2
Let R1 =  x f ( x ) dx , and R2 be the area of the region bounded by y = f (x), x = – 1, x = 2 and the
1
x-axis. Then
(A) R1 = 2R2 (B) R1 = 3R2 (C) 2R1 = R2 (D) 3R1 = R2
[JEE 2011, 3+3]

Q.5 The area enclosed by the curves y = sin x + cos x and y = | cos x – sin x | over the interval 0,  is
 2
(A) 4 ( 2 – 1) (B) 2 2 ( 2 – 1) (C) 2 ( 2 + 1) (D) 2 2 ( 2 + 1)
[JEE Adv. 2013, 2]

x2 
6
 1
Q.6 Let F (x) = 
x
2 cos 2 t dt for all x  R and f : 0,   [0, ) be a continuous function. For
 2

 1
a  0,
2 
, if F ' (a) + 2 is the area of the region bounded by x = 0, y = 0, y = f (x) and x = a, then

f (0) is [JEE Adv. 2015, 4]

Q.7 Suppose that F() denotes the area of the region bounded by x = 0, x = 2, y2 = 4x and
8 2
y = | x – 1 | + | x – 2 | + x, where  {0, 1}.Then the value(s) of F() + ,
3
when  = 0 and  = 1, is (are)
(A) 3 (B) 4 (C) 5 (D) 6
[JEE Adv. 2015, MTC, 2]

Q.8 Area of the region {(x, y)  R2 : y  | x  3 | , 5y  x + 9  15} is equal to

1 4 3 5
(A) (B) (C) (D)
6 3 2 3
[JEE Adv. 2016, 3]

Q.9 If the line x =  divides the area of region R = {(x, y)  R2 : x3  y  x, 0  x  1} into two equal parts,
then
1 1
(A) 24 – 42 + 1 = 0 (B) 4 + 42 – 1 = 0 (C) 0 <   (D) <<1
2 2
[JEE (Advanced) 2017, 4]
Page # 31
DIFFERENTIAL EQUATION & AREA UNDER THE CURVE

x
Q.10 Let f : [0, )  R be a continuous function such that f(x) = 1 – 2x +  e x  t f ( t ) dt for all x  [0, ).
0
Then, which of the following statement(s) is(are) TRUE?
(A) The curve y = f(x) passes through the point (1, 2).
(B) The curve y = f(x) passes through the point (2, – 1).


(C) The area of the region ( x , y)  [0,1]  R : f ( x )  y  1  x 2  is  4 2 .
(D) The area of the region  ( x , y)  [0,1]  R : f ( x )  y  1 x2  is  41 .
[JEE (Advanced) 2018, 4]

Q.11 A farmer F1 has a land in the shape of a triangle with vertices at P(0, 0), Q (1, 1) and R (2, 0). From this
land, a neighbouring farmer F2 takes away the region which lies between the side PQ and a curve of the
form y = xn (n > 1). If the area of the region taken away by the farmer F2 is exactly 30% of the area of
PQR, then the value of n is ______. [JEE ADV. 2018]

Q.12 The area of the region {(x, y) : xy  8, 1  y  x2} is [JEE ADV. 2019]
14 14 7
(1) 16 log e 2  6 (2) 16 log e 2  (3) 8 log e 2  (4) 8 log e 2 
3 3 3

EXERCISE-4
SECTION-A
(CBSE Previous Year's Questions)
DIFFERENTIAL EQUATION

dy x (2 y  x )
Q.1 Solve the following differential equation  if y = 1 when x = 1. [CBSE Delhi 2008]
dx x (2 y  x )

Q.2 Form the differential equation representing the parabola having vertex at the origin and axis along positive
direction of x-axis. [CBSE (AI) 2008]

dy
Q.3 Solve the following differential equation  y  cos x  sin x . [CBSE Delhi 2009]
dx

Q.4 Find the particular solution, satisfying the given condition, for the following differential equation
dy y y
  cos ec   0 , y = 0 when x = 1. [CBSE Delhi 2009]
dx x x

Q.5 Form the differential equation of the family of circles touching the y-axis at origin.
[CBSE (AI) 2009]

Q.6 Form the differential equation representing the family of curves given by (x – a)2 + 2y2 = a2, where a is
an arbitrary constant. [CBSE (AI) 2009]
Page # 32
DIFFERENTIAL EQUATION & AREA UNDER THE CURVE

dy y
Q.7 Solve : x  y  x tan   . [CBSE (AI) 2009, 2002]
dx x
dy
Q.8 Solve the following differential equations x log x + y = 2 log x.
dx
[CBSE Delhi 2009, (AI) 2008]

2
 dy  d2y
Q.9 What is the degree of the following differential equation 5x    2  6 y  log x .
 dx  dx
[CBSE Delhi 2010]

dy
Q.10 Solve the following differential equation 1  x 2  y 2  x 2 y 2  xy = 0. [CBSE (AI) 2010]
dx

dy
Q.11 Show that the differential equation (x – y) = x + 2y, is homogeneous and solve it.
dx
[CBSE (AI) 2010]

dy
Q.12 Solve the following differential equation (x3 + x2 + x + 1) = 2x2 + x. [CBSE (AI) 2010]
dx

Q.13 Show that the following differential equation is homogeneous and then solve it.
y
y dx + x log   dy – 2x dy = 0 [CBSE (AI) 2010, CBSE (F) 2010]
x

dy
Q.14 Solve the following differential equation (x2 + 1) + 2xy = x2  4 . [CBSE (AI) 2010]
dx

Q.15 Solve the following differential equation x dy – (y + 2x2) dx = 0. [CBSE (AI) 2011]

dy 1
Q.16 Solve the differential equation (x2 – 1) + 2xy = 2 .
dx x 1
x  (– , – 1)  (1, ) [CBSE (F) 2011; (AI) 2010; (F) 2009 ]

dy
Q.17 Solve the following differential equation cos2 x + y = tan x.
dx
[CBSE Delhi 2011, (AI) 2009, 2008]

Q.18 Find the particular solution of the differential equation satisfying the given condition
dx
(3x2 + y) = x, x > 0, when x = 1, y = 1. [CBSE (AI) 2011, (F) 2010]
dy

Page # 33
DIFFERENTIAL EQUATION & AREA UNDER THE CURVE

dy 
Q.19 Solve the following differential equation + 2y tan x = sin x, given that y = 0, when x = .
dx 3
[CBSE (F) 2011]

Q.20 Solve : x dy – y dx = x 2  y 2 dx [CBSE (AI) 2011, 2005]

Q.21 Find the particular solution of the differential equation (1 + e2x) dy + (1 + y2) ex dx = 0, given that
y = 1 when x = 0. [CBSE (F) 2011, 2005,2004,1996 ]

Q.22 Form the differential equation of the family of circles in the second quadrant and touching the coordinate
axes. [CBSE 2012]

dy
Q.23 Find the particular solution of the differential equation x (x2 – 1) = 1 ; y = 0 when x = 2.
dx
[CBSE 2012]

Q.24 Solve the following differential equation : (1 + x2) dy + 2xy dx = cot x dx ; x  0. [CBSE 2012]

Q.25 Write the differential equation representing the family of curves y = mx, where m is an arbitrary constant.
[CBSE 2013]

dx
Q.26 Find the particular solution of the differential equation + x cot y = 2y + y2 cot y, (y  0),
dy

given that x = 0 when y = . [CBSE 2013]
2

dy
Q.27 Find the particular solution of the differential equation  1  x  y  xy , given that y = 0 when x = 1.
dx
[CBSE 2014]

dy 1

Solve the differential equation (1  x )  y  e tan x

2
Q.28 [CBSE 2014]
dx

Q.29 Find the sum of the order and the degree of the following differential equation:
3
 dy  d y
2

y = x   2 [CBSE 2015]
 dx  dx

Q.30 Find the solution of the following differential equation

x (1  y 2 ) dx  y (1  x 2 ) dy  0 [CBSE 2015]

Page # 34
DIFFERENTIAL EQUATION & AREA UNDER THE CURVE

dy
Q.31 Show that the differential equation (x – y) = x + 2y is homogeneous and solve it also.
dx
[CBSE 2015]
Q.32 Find the differential equation of the family of curves (x – h)2 + (y – k)2 = r2, where h and k are arbitrary
constants. [CBSE 2015]

dy x  y cos x
Q.33 Find the particular solution of differential equation : 
dx 1  sin x
given that y = 1 when x = 0.
[CBSE 2016]

Q.34 Find the particular solution of the differential equation 2yex/y dx + (y – 2x ex/y) dy = 0
Given that x = 0 when y = 1.
[CBSE 2016]

Q.35 Find the general solution of the differential equation.

dy
– y = sin x [CBSE 2017]
dx
dy
Q.36 Find the particular solution of the differential equation (x – y) = (x + 2y), given that y = 0 when
dx
x = 1.
[CBSE 2017]

Q.37 Find the differential equation representing the family of curves y = aebx + 5, where a and b are arbitrary
constants.
[CBSE 2018]

Q.38 Find the particular solution of the differential equation ex tan y dx + (2 – ex) sec2y dy = 0, given that

y= when x = 0. [CBSE 2018]
4

dy
Q.39 Find the particular solution of the differential equation  2 y tan x  sin x , given that y = 0 when
dx

x= . [CBSE 2018]
3

AREA UNDER THE CURVE

Q.1 Find the area of the region enclosed between the two circles x2 + y2 = 1 and (x – 1)2 + y2 = 1.
[CBSE (AI) 2008, 1999; 1997 C, 1996 C, 1991]

Q.2 Find the area lying above x-axis and included between the circle x2 + y2 = 8x and the parabola
y2 = 4x. [CBSE Delhi 2008]

Page # 35
DIFFERENTIAL EQUATION & AREA UNDER THE CURVE

Q.3 Using integration find the area of the region {(x, y) : 25x2 + 9y2  225 and 5x + 3y  15 }.
[CBSE (F) 2009]

Q.4 Using the method of integration, find the area of the region bounded by the lines 2x + y = 4,
3x – 2y = 6 and x – 3y + 5 = 0. [CBSE Delhi 2009]

Q.5 Prove that the curves y2 = 4x and x2 = 4y divide the area of the square bounded by x = 0, x = 4,
y = 4 and y = 0 into three equal parts. [CBSE Delhi 2009]

Q.6 Find the area of the region enclosed between the two circles x2 + y2 = 9 and (x – 3)2 + y2 = 9.
[CBSE Delhi 2009]

Q.7 Find the area of the region included between the parabola 4y = 3x2 and the line 3x – 2y + 12 = 0.
[CBSE (AI) 2009]

Q.8 Using integration, find the area of the region. {(x, y) : 9x2 + y2  36 and 3x + y  6}.
[CBSE (F) 2009]

Q.9 Using integration, find the area of the triangle ABC with vertices as A(–1, 0), B(1, 3) and C(3, 2).
[CBSE (F) 2009]

Q.10 Find the area enclosed by the parabola y2 = x and line y + x = 2.

[CBSE (AI) 2009; CBSE 2005]

Q.11 Find the area of the region included between the parabolas y2 = 4ax and x2 = 4ay, where a > 0.
[CBSE (AI) 2009; CBSE 2003, 2004]

x 2 y2 x y
Q.12 Find the area of the smaller region bounded by the ellipse  = 1 and line  = 1.
9 4 3 2
[CBSE Delhi 2010]

 
Q.13 Using integration, find the area of the following region ( x , y) : | x  1 |  y  5  x 2  .
 
[CBSE Delhi 2010]
Q.14 Find the area of the circle 4x2 + 4y2 = 9 which is interior to the parabola x2 = 4y.
[CBSE (AI) 2010]

Q.15 Using integration, find the area of triangle ABC, co-ordinates of whose vertices are A(4, 1), B(6, 6) and
C(8, 4). [CBSE (AI) 2010]

Q.16 Using integration, find the area of the region bounded by the lines 4x – y + 5 = 0, x + y – 5 = 0 and
x – 4y + 5 = 0. [CBSE (F) 2010]

 
Q.17 Using integration, find the area of the following region. ( x , y) : | x  2 |  y  20  x 2 
 
[CBSE (F) 2010]
Page # 36
DIFFERENTIAL EQUATION & AREA UNDER THE CURVE

Q.18 Find the area bounded by the curve x2 = 4y and the straight line x = 4y – 2.
[CBSE Delhi 2010; CBSE 2004, 2005]

Q.19 Using integration find the area of the triangular region whose sides have equations y = 2x + 1,
y = 3x + 1 and x = 4. [CBSE Delhi 2011]

Q.20 Sketch the graph of y = |x + 3| and evaluate the area under the curve y = |x + 3| above x-axis and
between x = –6 to x = 0. [CBSE (AI) 2011]

Q.21 Using the method of integration, find the area of the region bounded by the lines :
2x + y = 4
3x – 2y = 6
x – 3y + 5 = 0 [CBSE (F) 2011]

Q.22 Find the area of the region {(x, y) : x2 + y2  4, x + y  2}. [CBSE 2012]

Q.23 Find the area of the region {(x, y) : y2  4x, 4x2 + 4y2  9} using method of integration.
[CBSE 2013]

Q.24 Using integration, find the area of the region bounded by the triangle whose vertices are (–1, 2), (1, 5)
and (3, 4) [CBSE 2014]

2
a2
Q.25 If the area bounded by the parabola y = 16ax and the line y = 4mx is sq. units, then using integration,
12
find the value of m. [CBSE 2015]

Q.26 Using the method of integration, find the area of the triangular region whose vertices are (2, –2) (4, 3)
and (1, 2).
[CBSE 2016]
Q.27 Using the method of integration, find the area of the triangle ABC, coordinates of whose vertices are
A(4, 1), B(6, 6) and C(8, 4).
[CBSE 2017]
Q.28 Find the area enclosed between the parabola 4y = 3x2 and the straight line 3x – 2y + 12 = 0.
[CBSE 2017]
Q.29 Using integration, find the area of the region in the first quadrant enclosed by the x-axis, the line y = x and
the circle x2 + y2 = 32. [CBSE 2018]

Page # 37
DIFFERENTIAL EQUATION & AREA UNDER THE CURVE

SECTION-B
(Potential Problems Based on CBSE)
DIFFERENTIAL EQUATION
Q.1 Write the order and degree of each of the following differential equations :

d3y  d 2 y  dy  d2y  3
(i)  2  2   y0 (ii)    x 2  dy   y  0
dx 3  dx 2   dx 
 dx  dx  
Q.2 Solve :
y
(i) sec2 x tan y dx + sec2 y tan x dy = 0 (ii) e x 1  y 2 dx  dy  0 .
x
dy
Q.3 Solve  y sec x = tan x.
dx
Q.4 Write the integrating factor in each of the following linear differential equations :
dy  1 
  y  (1  x ) e
x
dx  1  x 

dy
Q.5 ( x log x )  y = 2 log x.
dx
dx
Q.6  (tan y) x  sec2 y
dy
Q.7 Write the solution of the differential equation (ex + e–x) dy = (ex – e–x) dx.

dy y
Q.8 Write the general solution of the differential equation  .
dx x
x y
Q.9 Form the differential equation representing the given family of curves   1 by eliminating arbitrary
a b
constants a and b.

Q.10 Form the differential equation representing the given family of curves y = ae3x + be–2x by eliminating
arbitrary constants a and b.

dy  dy 
Q.11 Solve the differential equation y  x  a y2   .
dx  dx 

 dy 
Q.12 Find the particular solution of the differential equation log   = 3x + 4y given that y = 0
 dx 
when x = 0.
 x x
 x
1  e y  dx  e y 1   dy  0 .
Q.13 Solve :  
  y
 
dy
Q.14 ( x  3y 2 ) = y(y > 0).
dx
Page # 38
DIFFERENTIAL EQUATION & AREA UNDER THE CURVE

Q.15 Solve the differential equation (tan–1 y – x) dy = (1 + y2) dx.

 
Q.16 Find the equation of the curve passing through the point  0,  whose differential equation is
 4
sin x cos y dx + cos x sin y dy = 0.

Q.17 Show that the given differential equation is homogeneous and solve it (x2 + xy) dy = (x2 + y2) dx.

dy
Q.18 Solve : x + y – x + xy cot x = 0 (x  0).
dx
AREA UNDER THE CURVE

Q.1 Find the area of the region bounded by the parabola y = x2 and y = |x| .

Q.2 Find the area of the region bounded by the curve y2 = 2y – x and the y-axis.

Q.3 Find the area of the region enclosed between the two circles : x2 + y2 = 4 and (x – 2)2 + y2 = 4.

Q.4 Using integration, find the area of region bounded by the triangle whose vertices are (1, 0), (2, 2) and
(3, 1).

Q.5 Find the area of the region in the first quadrant enclosed by the x-axis, the line y = x, and the circle
x2 + y2 = 32.

Q.6 Find the area of the region bounded by the two parabolas y = x2 and y2 = x.

Q.7 Find the area of the region enclosed by the curve y = x2 and the line y = x.

Q.8 Using integration find the area of the region bounded by the parabola y2 = 4x and the circle
4x2 + 4y2 = 9.

Q.9 Find the area of that part of the circle x2 + y2 = 16 which is exterior to the parabola y2 = 6x.

Q.10 Using integration, find the area bounded by the lines x + 2y = 2, y – x = 1 and 2x + y = 7.

EXERCISE-5 (Rank Booster)

  
Q.1 Find all functions f (x) defined on   ,  with real values and has a primitive F(x) such that
 2 2
sin 2 x
f (x) + cos x · F(x) = . Find f (x).
(1  sin x ) 2

dy
Q.2 Consider the differential equation, + P(x)y = Q(x)
dx
(i) If two particular solutions of given equation u(x) and v(x) are known, find the general solution of the
same equation in terms of u(x) and v(x).
Page # 39
DIFFERENTIAL EQUATION & AREA UNDER THE CURVE

(ii) If  and  are constants such that the linear combinations  · u(x) + ·v(x) is a solution of the given
equation, find the relation between  and .
v(x)  u(x)
(iii) If w(x) is the third particular solution different from u(x) and v(x) then find the ratio .
w(x)  u(x)

Q.3 Let f (x) be a differentiable function and satisfy f (0) = 2, f ' (0) = 3 and f '' (x) = f (x). Find
(a) the range of the function f (x)
(b) the value of the function when x = ln 2
(c) the area enclosed by y = f (x) in the 2nd quadrant

x
Q.4 Given two curves y = f(x) passing through the points (0, 1) & y =  f (t)dt passing through the points

(0, 1/2). The tangents drawn to both curves at the points with equal abscissas intersect on the x axis.
Find the curve f(x).

Q.5 A & B are two separate reservoirs of water. Capacity of reservoir A is double the capacity of reservoir
B. Both the reservoirs are filled completely with water, their inlets are closed and then the water is
released simultaneously from both the reservoirs. The rate of flow of water out of each reservoir at any
instant of time is proportional to the quantity of water in the reservoir at that time. One hour after the
water is released, the quantity of water in reservoir A is 1.5 times the quantity of water in reservoir B.
After how many hours do both the reservoirs have the same quantity of water ?

x2
Q.6 Consider a circle x2 + (y – 1)2 = 1 and the parabola y = – . The common tangents to the two curves
4
constitute a triangle ABC, the point A and B being on the x-axis and C on the y-axis. CA produced
touches the parabola at P and CB produced touches the parabola at Q.
(a) Find the equation of the common tangent BC.
(b) Find the area of the portion between the upper arc of the circle and the common tangents QC and PC.

x2
(c) Find the area enclosed by the parabola y = – , the x-axis and the lines AP and BQ.
4

Q.7 Consider one side AB of a square ABCD, (read in order) on the line y = 2x – 17, and the other two
vertices C, D on the parabola y = x2.
(a) Find the minimum intercept of the line CD on y-axis.
(b) Find the maximum possible area of the square ABCD.
(c) Find the area enclosed by the line CD with minimum y-intercept and the parabola y = x2.

Q.8 Let f : R  R be a differentiable function such that f(x + 2y) = f(x) + 4f(y) + 2y (2x – 1)
for all x, y  R and f '(0) = 1.
(a) Find the value of f(3) + f ' (3).

(b) Find the number of points of non-differentiability of the function y = f ( x )  f | x | .

(c) Find the area bounded by the curve f(x) and x-axis.
Page # 40
DIFFERENTIAL EQUATION & AREA UNDER THE CURVE

Q.9 Let f(x) be a continuous and positive function in [0, 5] and the area bounded by the graph of y = f(x) and
x-axis for 0  x  5 is 8. A(c) denotes the area between the graph of y = f(x) and x-axis for 0  x  c
A ( c)
and B(c) denotes the area between the graph of y = f(x) and x-axis for c  x  5. Also R(c) = ,
B(c)
dR
R(3) = 1 and is equal to 7 at c = 3.
dc
(a) Find the value of A(3).
(b) Find the value of A'(c) + B'(c) at c = 5.
(c) Find the value of f(3).

Q.10 In the adjacent figure, graphs of two functions y = f(x) and

y = sinx are given. y = sinx intersects, y = f(x) at A (a, f(a));
B(, 0) and C(2, 0). Ai (i = 1, 2, 3,) is the area bounded by
the curves y = f (x) and y = sinx between x=0 and x= a; i = 1,
between x = a and x = ; i = 2, between x =  and x = 2;
i = 3. If A
1 = 1 – sina + (a – 1)cosa, determine the function f(x).
Hence determine ‘a’ and A1. Also calculate A2 and A3.

Q.11 For what value of 'a' is the area of the figure bounded by the lines,
1 1 4
y= ,y= , x = 2 & x = a equal to ln ?
x 2x  1 5

Q.12 Let C1 & C2 be two curves passing through the origin as shown in the figure.
A curve C is said to "bisect the area" the region between C1 & C2, if for each
point P of C, the two shaded regions A & B shown in the figure have equal
areas. Determine the upper curve C2, given that the bisecting curve C has
the equation y = x2 & that the lower curve C1 has the equation y = x2/2.

Page # 41
DIFFERENTIAL EQUATION & AREA UNDER THE CURVE

EXERCISE-1

SECTION-A [DIFFERENTIAL EQUATION]

SPECIAL DPP-1
Q.1 C Q.2 C Q.3 B Q.4 C Q.5 B
Q.6 C Q.7 D Q.8 B Q.9 A Q.10 0004

SPECIAL DPP-2
Q.1 A Q.2 D Q.3 C Q.4 A Q.5 C
Q.6 C Q.7 A Q.8 AD Q.9 ABC Q.10 0062

SPECIAL DPP-3
Q.1 D Q.2 B Q.3 A Q.4 D Q.5 C
Q.6 D Q.7 A Q.8 C Q.9 AB Q.10 ABD

SECTION-B [AREA UNDER THE CURVE]

SPECIAL DPP-1
Q.1 C Q.2 D Q.3 C Q.4 A
Q.5 B Q.6 A Q.7 B Q.8 C

9 4
Q.9 sq. units Q.10 A= sq. units
2 3

SPECIAL DPP-2
Q.1 A Q.2 A Q.3 B Q.4 A Q.5 A
Q.6 C Q.7 B Q.8 A Q.9 BCD Q.10 0002

SPECIAL DPP-3
Q.1 C Q.2 B Q.3 B Q.4 D Q.5 B
Q.6 D Q.7 AC Q.8 0001 Q.9 0002 Q.10 0005

Page # 42
DIFFERENTIAL EQUATION & AREA UNDER THE CURVE

EXERCISE-2

SECTION-A [DIFFERENTIAL EQUATION]

Q.1 (i) order 2 & degree 3 (ii) order 2 & degree 2
2
d 2y  dy dy
Q.2 (a) 12y (y)2 = x[8(y)3  27]; (b) xy 2 + x    y = 0;
dx  dx dx
d3 y d2 y dy
(c) [1 + (y)²] .y  3y(y)² = 0 (d) 3
 6 2
 11  6y = 0
dx dx dx
xy 
Q.3 ln 1  tan =x+c Q.4 y sin y = x² ln x + c Q.5 y = etan(x/2)
 2 
1 5
Q.6 (a) P = 1000 + 1500e–kt where k = ln   ; (b) T = 10 log (3); (c) P = 1000 as t  
10  3  5/3

1   
Q.7 m=m0ekt where k =  ln  1   Q.8 x2 + y2 = k2 Q.9 19
t0  100 
1
Q.10 y = kx or xy = c Q.11
4
 1 1 x  2y 
Q.12 c(x  y)2/3 (x² + xy + y²)1/6 = exp  tan  where exp x  e
x
 3 x 3 

2
y2  y y2  x 2  n  y  y 2  x 2   c
Q.13 =   x 3 , where same sign has to be taken.
x2
y  2
y 4 2 tan 1
x  3
Q.15 xy cos =c Q.16 x + y + = ce3(x2y) Q.17 e = c . (y + 2)
x 3
7
Q.18 0 Q.19 cos x – 1 Q.20 27 minutes
9
x2 1 1
Q.21 y = cex ; y = c +
2
Q.22 y=
x

tan  n cx  Q.23 y =
3 e
(2 ex  e + 1)

 2  4  x2 
Q.24 y = ±  4  x 2  2 n  Q.25 y2 = 2x + 1  e2x
 x 
 

SECTION-B [AREA UNDER THE CURVE]

2 2
Q.1 5/6 sq. units Q.2 64 Q.3   tan 1 ;   tan 1 4 2
3 3
  1 3  2
Q.4 ; Q.5 Q.6 (i) m = 1, (ii) m =  ; Amin= 4/3
2  1 2
Q.7 e Q.8 2 sq. units Q.9 a= 3/4
1
Q.10 4 Q.11 (1 – e–1/2 ) Q.12 2/3
2
Q.13 2 1 Q.14 1/2

Page # 43
DIFFERENTIAL EQUATION & AREA UNDER THE CURVE

EXERCISE-3
SECTION-A
(JEE-MAIN Previous Year's Questions)
DIFFERENTIAL EQUATION
Q.1 2 Q.2 3 Q.3 4 Q.4 2 Q.5 2
Q.6 1 Q.7 3 Q.8 2 Q.9 2 Q.10 1
Q.11 1 Q.12 1 Q.13 1 Q.14 2 Q.15 4
Q.16 4 Q.17 2 Q.18 4 Q.19 3 Q.20 2
Q.21 4 Q.22 4 Q.23 4 Q.24 1 Q.25 2
Q.26 3 Q.27 2 Q.28 3 Q.29 2 Q.30 2
Q.31 1

AREA UNDER THE CURVE

Q.1 3 Q.2 3 Q.3 1 Q.4 3 Q.5 1
Q.6 4 Q.7 2 Q.8 2 Q.9 3 Q.10 4
Q.11 3 Q.12 2 Q.13 3 Q.14 1 Q.15 2
Q.16 2 Q.17 2 Q.18 1 Q.19 4 Q.20 2
Q.21 2 Q.22 3 Q.23 2

SECTION-B
(JEE-ADVANCE Previous Year's Questions)

DIFFERENTIAL EQUATION
Q.1 C
Q.2 (i) (A) p, q, s (B) p, t (C) p, q, r, t (D) s ; (ii) (A) p; (B) q, s ; (C) q, r, s, t ; (D) r
Q.3 9 Q.4 (a) 6 ; (b) 0 Q.5 AD Q.6 A
Q.7 B Q.8 AC Q.9 BC Q.10 A
Q.11 AD Q.12 C Q.13 BCD Q.14 0.40
Q.15 BC Q.16 2, 4

Page # 44
DIFFERENTIAL EQUATION & AREA UNDER THE CURVE

AREA UNDER THE CURVE

[JEE-ADVANCE Previous Year's Questions]
Q.1 (a) B, (b) (i) B, (ii) A, (iii) D Q.2 BCD
Q.3 (i) C; (ii) A; (iii) B Q.4 (a) B ; (b) C
Q.5 B Q.6 3 Q.7 CD Q.8 C Q.9 AD
Q.10 BC Q.11 4.00 Q.12 2
EXERCISE-4
SECTION-A
DIFFERENTIAL EQUATION
 2 y 2  xy  x 2  6  4y  x  6 3
Q.1 log 2

 tan 1   2 log x  log 2  tan 1
 x  7  7x  7 7
dy y y
Q.2 = Q.3 y = cos x + Ce– x Q.4 cos = log | x | + 1
dx 2x x
dy dy 2 y2  x 2
Q.5 2xy  x 2  y2  0 Q.6 = is the required equation.
dx dx 4xy
y
Q.7 Hence, x sin = C is the required solution. Q.8 y log x = (log x)2 + C
x
d2y
Q.9 Degree of differential equation is 1 because power of highest order derivative is one.
dx 2

1 1  x2 1
Q.10 1  y  1  x  log
2 2
+C=0
2 1 x2 1

1  2y  x 
Q.11  log x 2  xy  y 2  3 tan 1  C

2  3x 
1 3 1  y 
Q.12 y= log x  1  log x 2  1  tan 1 x  C Q.13 log  x   1  cy
2 4 2    
x 4 1
Q.14 (x2 + 1) y = x2  4 + log x  x 2  4  C Q.15 y· = 2x + C or y = 2x2 + Cx
2 2 x
1 x 1
Q.16 y(x2 – 1) = log C Q.17 y = tan x – 1 + C e–tan x
2 x 1

Q.18 y = 3x2 – 2x Q.19 y = cos x – 2 cos2 x Q.20 y  x 2  y2  2

= C 2x 4

 2

Q.21 tan–1 (ex) + tan–1 y= Q.22

 dy  2

  x  2 xy  2 xy
dy

 y 2  2 xy  0
2  
dx dx

1 9 log | sin x | c
Q.23 y log | x 2  1 |  log x  log Q.24 y= 
2 3 1 x 2
1 x2

Page # 45
DIFFERENTIAL EQUATION & AREA UNDER THE CURVE

dy 2 x2 3
Q.25 yx Q.26 (y2–x)siny = Q.27 ln (1 + y) = x + 
dx 4 2 2

Q.28

 ye tan 1 x

 1
e tan x   C
2

Q.29 3
 2 

 2y  x 
Q.30 1  x 2  1  y2  C Q.31 ln y 2  xy  x 2  2 3 tan 1  C
 x 3 
3
  dy  2  2d y
2 2
1 x2
Q.32 1      r  2  Q.33 y=
2(1  sin x )
  dx    dx 
x
Q.34 2 e y = – ln y + 2 Q.35 2y = (cos x – sin x) + Cex

1  2t  1  3 y
Q.36 log (t2 + t + 1) + 3 tan–1   = ln x + , where t = .
2  3  6 x
2
d 2 y  dy 
Q.37 y 2   Q.38 y = tan–1(2 – ex). Q.39 y sec2x = secx – 2
dx  dx 
AREA UNDER THE CURVE
 2 3 4 15   
Q.1    sq. units Q.2 (8 + 3) sq. units Q.3   1 sq. units
 3 2  3 2 2 
 

9 3
Q.4 7/2 sq. units Q.5 16/3 sq. units Q.6 6 – sq. units
2
Q.7 27 sq. units Q.8 3( – 2) sq. units Q.9 4 sq. units
 3 
Q.10 9/2 sq. units Q.11 16a2/3 sq. units Q.12   3  sq. units.
 2 

 5 1   2 9 1 2 2 
   sq. units   sq. units Q.15
Q.13
 4 2
Q.14  6  4 sin 3  7 sq. units
 
15
Q.16 sq. units Q.17 (5 –2) sq. units Q.18 9/8 sq. units
2
Q.19 8 sq. units Q.20 9 sq. units Q.21 7/2 sq. units
9 9 1  1  1
Q.22  – 2 sq. units Q.23  sin    Q.24 4 sq. units
8 4 3 3 2
13
Q.25 2 Q.26 Q.27 7 sq. unit Q.28 27 sq. unit
2
Q.29 4square unit

Page # 46
DIFFERENTIAL EQUATION & AREA UNDER THE CURVE

SECTION-B
DIFFERENTIAL EQUATION

Q.1 (i) Order = 3, degree = 1 (ii) Order = 2, degree = 2

Q.2 (i) Hence, | tan x tan y | = C, where x  R – {(2n + 1) /2 : n  Z} is the solution of the given differenial
equation.
(ii) xex – ex = 1 y 2 + C, where x  R is required solution.]

1
Q.3 y(sec x + tan x) sec x+ tan x – x + C. Q.4 Q.5 log x
1 x

d2y
Q.6 sec y Q.7 log | ex + e–x | + C Q.8 y = Cx Q.9 0
dx 2

d 2 y dy
Q.10   6y  0 Q.11 (x + a) (1 – ay) = Cy, which is the required solution.
dx 2 dx
Q.12 4e3x + 3e–4y – 7 = 0 Q.13 x + yex/y = C is the required solution.
1
Q.14 x = 3y2 + Cy Q.15 x = (tan–1 y – 1) + Ce tan y

sec x 1 C
Q.16 cos y = Q.17 (y – x)2 = Cxe–y/x Q.18 y= – cot x + x sin x
2 x

AREA UNDER THE CURVE

8
Q.1 1/3 sq. units Q.2 4/3 sq. units Q.3  2 3 sq. units
3
Q.4 3/2 sq. units Q.5 4 sq. units Q.6 1/3 sq. units

2 2 1 9 9 1 1 
Q.7 1/6 sq. units Q.8    sin   sq. units
3 2 8 4 3

 32 4 
Q.9   3  sq. units Q.10 6 sq. units
 3 3 

EXERCISE-5

2 cos x
Q.1 f (x) = – – Ce– sin x · cos x
(1  sin x ) 2

Q.2 (i) y = u(x) + K(u(x) – v(x)) where K is any constant ; (ii)  +  = 1; (iii) constant
19
Q.3 (a) (– , ) (b) (c) 3 5 Q.4 f (x) = e2x
4

Page # 47
DIFFERENTIAL EQUATION & AREA UNDER THE CURVE

 
Q.5 T = log4/3 2 hrs from the start Q.6 (a) 3 x – y + 3 = 0; (b)  3  3  ; (c) 3
 

32 1
Q.7 (a) 3; (b) 1280; (c) Q.8 (a) 19 ; (b) 2 ; (c) Q.9 (a) 4 ; (b) 0 ; (c) 14
3 6
Q.10 f(x) = x sinx, a = 1; A1 = 1 – sin1; A2 =  – 1 – sin1; A3 = (3 – 2) sq. units

Q.11 a = 8 or
2
5
6  21  Q.12 (16/9) x2

Page # 48