UNIVERSITY OF NORTHERN PHILIPPINES

College of Arts and Sciences

Department of Physical Education

PHYSICAL EDUCATION 101

MOVEMENT ENHANCEMENT

UNIT I
PHYSICAL EDUCATION
MOVEMENT ENHNCEMENT

What this worktext is all about?

This worktext is about the meaning, objectives and values of Physical

Education, Physical activity, exercise and fitness. You’ll be able to
appreciate the foundation of Physical Education through movement exercise and fitness as you
go to the activities. Knowing the importance of being physically active will surely give you more
knowledge and interest to become physically fit. Move to learn, learn to move! Have fun!

What are you expected to learn?

This worktext is designed for you to:

1. Demonstrate knowledge and skills related to Physical Education
and Physical Fitness.
2. Gain the importance of warm up, stretching and Cooldown
Routine
3. Recall and understand the meaning and importance of Physical Education

INTRODUCTION

Civilization changes, therefore, developing technology for the 21st century will require
skills as well as qualifications that one can hardly think of at the moment. The preparation
for, and proof of this has to come through education and for that reason, the way pupils are
taught in schools today has to change, as a lot of young people today are lacking appropriate
attitudes and social skills (i.e. skills such as
flexibility, adaptability, punctuality,
responsibility, creativity as well as
citizenship, self-management and
communication will have to be improved).
So, in this unstable environment, children
need to learn elementary skills rather than
knowledge, and develop attitudes enabling them to keep developing those skills throughout
their life. In other words, they have to learn how to keep developing permanently and/by
learning constantly. And this is what schools have to equip young generations with today. In
the case of physical education, all children should be able to take part in physical activity
organized in school settings. It is also the school which should provide them with a lot of fun
and enjoyment, without making them feel embarrassed or teased by others for their lack of
technical ability. It is partly the school’s role to keep them active and thus healthy.
Let’s know more!
Lesson 1: MEANING, OBJECTIVES and VALUES of PHYSICAL EDUCATION

PHYSICAL EDUCATION
Is the integral part of school curriculum, that aims to develop the
physical, mental, social, emotional and spiritual aspects of an
individual; through well selected physical activities that will help
students attain and maintain their well-balanced life.

GENERAL OBJECTIVES OF PHYSICAL EDUCATION

1. Improvement in the Fields of Education
Today, physical education is required part of
most school curricula, and a number of colleges and
universities offer degrees in the field. Physical
education classes generally include formal exercises,
sports, and contests; although an increasing emphasis
has been given to such Asian techniques as yoga,
karate, and judo. The American Alliance for Health,
Physical Education, Recreation and Dance (founded
1885) is concerned with improving its fields of education and with increasing the public’s
knowledge and appreciation of physical education.
2. Improvement in Life-Style and Social Relationship:
Studies in the Health and Physical Education learning
area provide the potential for a better quality of life for
all students, now and in the future.
Effective interpersonal skills are essential for
participation in meaningful and fulfilling relationships in
family, school,
recreation, work and
community contexts. Interpersonal skills such as assertive
communication, negotiation, conflict resolution, cooperation
and leadership enable students to act responsibly and contribute
effectively to groups and teams.

3.Individualistic Improvements

(a) Organic Development:

The development of young people in an increasingly complex and diverse society can be
characterized by rapid change, sedentary work and leisure practices, changing family structures
and roles, and the promotion of unhealthy behaviors by various sources.
The Health and Physical Education learning area empowers students to critically evaluate
the opportunities and challenges associated with living in modern society and teaches them how
to take action to avoid injury or reduce threats to their health and well-being. Without the
benefits provided by this learning area, individuals face a reduced quality of life and society
increasing health care and social costs.
(b) Neuro-Muscular Development:
Students require movement, skills in order to perform competently in physical activities.
Experience in fundamental movement skills in
the early years of schooling supports the
development of more specific skills in later
childhood and participation in sport and
recreation as lifelong pursuits. Students who
enjoy, participate in, appreciate and are skillful
in play, games, sports, dance and outdoor
recreation develop confidence and self-esteem.

(c) Personality Development:

Sports and physical education have great role in
an individual’s personal development. Through
participation in sport, recreation and other
physical activities, students improve their
physical skills and fitness, and become aware of
the important role that motivation, enthusiasm,
initiative, self-discipline, self-respect,
cooperation and the assumption of responsibility
play in the maintenance of healthy society.
All students develop proficient self-
management skills for their own benefit, and for the
benefit of the communities in which they live and
work. Being able to set and achieve personal goals;
plan, implement and evaluate decisions; develop
self-esteem, and manage stress and cope with
change and conflict are essential self-management
skills that underpin a healthy and active lifestyle.
Through participation in classroom interactions, work placements, sporting, recreational
and other physical activities, students develop and practice these skills. Students who possess
sound self-management skills are better able to identify and avoid potential health risk, enhance
their mental health and well-being, as well as planning for their future.
4. Improvement in the Sense of Responsibility:
Improving students’ knowledge about health issues and
practices does not guarantee they will lead healthy lifestyles.
However, students who are able to identify and develop their
own attitudes and values associated with leading a healthy
lifestyle are better equipped to make personally and socially
responsible decisions.
This has the potential to enhance the quality of their own and
other people’s lives. Students who are able to respect the attitudes and values of others are well
placed to contribute effectively to home, school, work and community life. Study in this learning
area encourages them to exhibit attitudes and values that are consistent with lifelong
participation in sport and physical activity, the prevention of ill-health and the acceptance of
personal responsibility for their actions.

THE VALUE OF PHYSICAL EDUCATION

Physical education is an essential subject area for learning. It helps students
become competent movers, which in turn, builds self-confidence and lays a
foundation for participation in lifetime physical activity. Its movement content
helps improve cognitive function, which in turn, promotes learning in other subject areas (Ratey,
2002; Ratey & Hagerman, 2008). It helps students learn about their abilities, aptitudes,
limitations, and potential. It provides opportunities for students to: develop creativity, positive
attitudes toward physical activity, assume more personal and social responsibility, and meet
performance obligations as individuals and in groups.
7 REASONS WHY PHYSICAL EDUCATION IS IMPORTANT IN SCHOOL by Mr. Wood’s ~ Mohawk
6

1. Good Health. The value of physical fitness can never be overstated. It’s only in physical
educational classrooms that students learn the value of taking
care of themselves thru proper grooming, healthy eating and
regular exercise.

2. It’s a preventive measure against disease. Many doctors

today agree that obesity is a serious health risk. Without any form of diet management
and control with the numerous processed food students intake everyday compounded
by a sedentary lifestyle.

3. It’s a Program for muscle strength and fitness. Physical education develops the
student’s motor skills and hand-eye coordination. It also
develops the upper body muscles through activities like doing
push up as well the lower body muscles through stationary
jumping jacks etc.

4. It promotes academic learning. Physical health allows students to function even better
in classrooms. A good cardiovascular system developed from regular
exercise promotes excellent blood and oxygen circulation.

5. . It builds self esteem. Students who are active in physical activities like basketball,
volleyball, martials arts and running just to name a few are more confident with
themselves according to most social school studies.

6. Teamwork and sportsmanship skill. Most physical education programs are holistic.
The program allows student to interact together to a
common goal and that is to win and excel physically. It brings out the competitive sides
of students working both body and mind but also promotes sportsmanship.

7. It promotes a physically active lifestyle. The purpose of physical education is to instill

in students, at an early age, the value of self-preservation and choosing a lifestyle that
is good for both the mind and body.
5 DIMENSIONS OF WELLNESS
There are five main aspects of personal health: physical,
emotional, social, spiritual, and intellectual. In order to be
considered "well," it is imperative for none of these areas to be
neglected. The Health and Wellness Educators (HAWES)
want to inform you, the student, of ways to maximize your
personal wellness.

1. Physical
A physically healthy person is active, does not get tired easily, does
not get sick easily, is strong, and is full of energy. Physical health
refers to the condition of the body and the way it reacts to diseases.
You need to take good care of your body in order to maintain good
physical health. You need to eat nutritious food, to exercise, and to
take enough sleep and rest.
The basic knowledge of anatomy and physiology would help individual to appreciate and
encourage in engaging more in Physical activities; to develop to skeletomuscular and cardio
vascular and endurance and strength, and to sustain daily life activities without uncle fatigue.

 Exercise! Even walking 30 minutes a day three times a week will greatly improve your
health.
 Eat Healthy. Avoid fried foods, soft drinks, processed meats, and
sweets. Try to include 5 servings of fruits and vegetables in your diet
everyday.
 Don't skip meals. Especially breakfast, it slows down your metabolic rate and can cause
weight gain.

 Avoid heavy episodic drinking and drug use. No more than five drinks in one sitting for
men and four for women. Don't play drinking games and space drinks over time
alternating with a glass of water.
 Get at least 6-8 hours of sleep every night.

2. Mental
A mentally healthy person is able to concentrate
on a task for an extended period of time. He is alert,
able to listen, and think. The way a person thinks
and handles situations also indicates his
intellectual/mental health. Intellectual health also
entails creativity, general knowledge, and common
sense. It also involves a person’s ability to make
sound decisions. This is important to a person’s health and well-being.
Our nervous system is divided into two; central nervous system and peripheral system,
these two systems played a very important role in our movements as well as in making right
decisions. Physical activities help us to condition and develop our mind to become more active
and alert.

 Keep abreast of current affairs.

 Take your school work seriously and spend time in the library.
 Seek academic help if you need it.
 Become a life-long learner.

3. Social
This refers to the effective way a person performs
his role in life as a son, daughter, friend, neighbor, or
citizen. This involves a person’s ability to perform his
responsibilities and to maintain good relationships with
others. Giving love and respect to others is an important
factor of social health. In short, a socially healthy
person makes friends easily and keeps them; does not
quarrel with others; and is considerate and kind to
others. Social health also involves cooperating with
others whenever a task needs to be done.
To have a lot of friends and acquaintances is something that you be proud of. One way of
gaining a lot of friends is to know their temper and how to deal with it. There are four
temperaments; Sanguine, Choleric, Melancholic, and Phlegmatic. PE helps us to expose
ourselves in different people knowing and applying these things in our life would broaden the
horizons of our social life and we can say we possess a good self-esteem within us.
 Get involved. There are a variety of clubs and organized on campus; you're bound to find
something that interests you.
 Know who your best friends are.
 Recognize when you are in an unhealthy relationship.
 Balance your social
life with your academic responsibility.

4. Emotional
Based on research, the quality of a person’s health
determines the person’s emotions. What he feels towards self,
other people and situations determines his emotional health.
Emotional health refers to a person’s way of handling success
as well as defeat, of coping with everyday problems and
stress, and the management of his study, work, and other
activities. An emotionally healthy person is in control of his
thoughts, feelings, and behavior. He feels good about himself and has good relationships with
other people.
According to medical experts, people with good emotional health have a lower rate of stress-
related diseases like, headaches, ulcers, migraines, stomachaches, and asthma.

 Try to maintain a positive attitude even when problems arise.

 Discover your personal stress reliever. Manage your time wisely because it will help
lower stress.
 Find someone that you trust who you can openly share your
feelings with.
Seek professional help when you need it.
 Smile even when you don't feel like it.

5. Spiritual
This refers to a person’s belief in God, sense of values, and his ability to
exercise what he believes is right. A person’s religious faith also contributes to
his health and well-being. The spiritual aspect of an individual is the most
important part to be develop.

 Find a quiet place and spend time there every day.

 Contemplate the meaning of your life.
 If you have a religion, study and practice it.
 Spend time appreciating the natural world around you.

Some ways of maintaining good health:

 Have adequate and regular exercise at least 3x a week.
 Take enough rest and sleep at least 8 hours daily.
 Eat balanced meals. If possible, avoid junk foods, and fatty foods.
 Learn to properly deal with problems.
 Maintain harmonious relationships with family members, friends, and other people in
your community,
 Do your responsibilities, and for students – study well.
 Have a regular checkup. An ounce of prevention is worth a pound of cure.