SCHOOLS DIVISION OF ILOILO

Luna Street, La Paz, Iloilo City

SENIOR HIGH SCHOOL

Grade 12

Disciplines and Ideas in Applied Social Sciences

DIVISION ARALING PANLIPUNAN TOOLS

(DAPAT)
First Quarter - Lesson 2

PROFESSIONALS AND PRACTITIONERS

IN COUNSELING

Grade 12- Disciplines and Ideas in the Applied Social Sciences

Discuss roles and functions of counselors (HUMSS_DIASS12-Ic-6)
identify specific work areas in which counselors work (HUMSS_DIASS12-Ic-7)
SCHOOLS DIVISION OF ILOILO
Luna Street, La Paz, Iloilo City

Social Sciences – Grade 12

Division Araling Panlipunan Tools (DAPAT)
Disciplines and Ideas in Applied Social Sciences
First Edition, 2020

Published in the Philippines

by the Department of Education
Schools Division of Iloilo
Luna St., La Paz, Iloilo City

Section 176 of Republic Act 8293 states that: The Government of the
Philippines may not have any copyright in any work. However, the permission of the
government agency or office that prepared the work is required if it is to be profitable.
Among the things that can be done by the said agency or office is to set the
corresponding fee.

The Division Araling Panlipunan Tools (DAPAT) or any part of it is published

for use by schools of the Department of Education especially the Schools Division of
Iloilo.

No part of this material may be reproduced or printed in any way without the
permission of the Department of Education, Schools Division of Iloilo. Its sale is strictly
prohibited.

Development Team of Division Araling Panlipunan Tools (DAPAT)

Writer: Dr. Glenn C. Golingay

Illustrators: Armand Glenn S. Lapor
Patrick T. Lomigo
Ericson Nudgara

Layout Artist: Armand Glenn S. Lapor

Roy John A. Montaniel

Division Quality Assurance Team:

Lilibeth E. Larupay
Liza A. Balogo
Armand Glenn S. Lapor
Andie P. Padernilla

Management Team: Dr. Roel F. Bermejo Dr. Nordy D. Siason, Jr.

Dr. Lilibeth T. Estoque Dr. Azucena T. Falales
Ruben S. Libutaque Lilibeth E. Larupay
Liza A. Balogo

Grade 12- Disciplines and Ideas in the Applied Social Sciences

Discuss roles and functions of counselors (HUMSS_DIASS12-Ic-6)
identify specific work areas in which counselors work (HUMSS_DIASS12-Ic-7)
SCHOOLS DIVISION OF ILOILO
Luna Street, La Paz, Iloilo City

Foreword
Welcome to Senior High School Social Science, Grade 12.

The Division Araling Panlipunan Tools (DAPAT) was co-authored, designed,

developed and reviewed by educators from the Department of Education, Schools Division of
Iloilo. This is done to guide you, and the teachers who will be teaching the subject to help the
student achieve the standards set by the K to 12 Curriculum.

The purpose of the Division Araling Panlipunan Tools (DAPAT) is to guide students
in independent learning activities according to their ability, speed and time. It also aims to help
the students to develop and achieve lifelong skills with consideration to their needs and
circumstances.

For the learning facilitator:

The Division Araling Panlipunan Tools (DAPAT) was created to meet the current
needs of students in the country. To effectively assist the teachers, make sure it is clear to the
students how to study or answer the activities in this material.

For the learners:

The Division Araling Panlipunan Tools (DAPAT) was created in response to your
need. Its main purpose is to help you with your studies while you are not in the classroom. In
this way you will have the freedom to study the entertaining activities contained in this material.
Read and understand the instructions.

The following are important notes in using this module:

1. Use the module with caution. Do not mark any part of the module with any marks or
letters. Use a separate sheet of paper in answering the exercises.
2. Don't forget to answer the Test before moving on to the other activities in the module.
3. Read the instructions carefully before doing each exercise.
4. Observe honesty and integrity in carrying out tasks and in correcting answers.
5. Finish the current task before going to another exercise.
6. Please return this module to your teacher or facilitator when you have completed all
the exercises.

If you find it difficult to answer the tasks in this module, do not hesitate to consult your
teacher or facilitator. You can also ask for help from mother or father, or your elder sibling or
any of your housemates who are older than you. Always instill in your mind that you are not
alone.
We hope that through this module, you will experience meaningful learning and gain
deeper understanding of relevant competencies. You can do it!

Grade 12- Disciplines and Ideas in the Applied Social Sciences

Discuss roles and functions of counselors (HUMSS_DIASS12-Ic-6)
identify specific work areas in which counselors work (HUMSS_DIASS12-Ic-7)
SCHOOLS DIVISION OF ILOILO
Luna Street, La Paz, Iloilo City

INTRODUCTION

What demands a counselor is having a better understanding of the concept of

counseling. Counseling is a two-way collaborative effort between the counselor and
client. Professional counselors are technically-trained individuals who can
demonstrate varied counseling approaches with their clients. They help and support
their clients to identify areas and possible solutions to problems and take precedence
over issues such as advocating for the career and social responsibility.

Thus, counselors are undeniably found in all spheres of human development,

transitions, and caregiving (Sampa, 2017). They practically work in a diverse
community that comprises the common people, and where the provision of counseling,
rehabilitation, and support services is indeed significant. Their roles and functions
greatly vary which determined the kind of community they serve, and dependent to the
areas of their expertise. Their functions necessitate recognizing possible issues to
provide their clients with the appropriate counselling and support services. Oftentimes,
their scope of practice is likely challenged with youths, adults, or families that may
have experienced numerous issues like mental health illness and addiction, disability
and employment needs, school-related problems or career counseling needs, and
traumatic experiences.

This module will help you understand the roles and functions of counselors and
their areas of specialization.

YOUR TARGET

At the end of the module, you should be able to:

• discuss roles and functions of counselors (HUMSS_DIASS12-Ic-6);

and
• identify specific work areas in which counselors work
(HUMSS_DIASS12-Ic-7).

Grade 12- Disciplines and Ideas in the Applied Social Sciences

Discuss roles and functions of counselors (HUMSS_DIASS12-Ic-6) 1
identify specific work areas in which counselors work (HUMSS_DIASS12-Ic-7)
SCHOOLS DIVISION OF ILOILO
Luna Street, La Paz, Iloilo City

CHECK YOUR KNOWLEDGE

KNOWLEDGE

Task 1. MY ROLES
Directions: Below are terms related to the roles and functions of a counsellor.
Identify the terms being referred to by matching Column A with
Column B. Write the letter of the correct answer on your answer sheet.

Column A Column B

1. Provides assistance through group A. Individual Counseling

counseling and group guidance.
B. Research
2. Emphasizes counseling service on educational
placement in course and program. C. Evaluation and
Accountability
3. Helps client to find the needed expert assistance
to whom the referring counselor cannot provide. D. Individual Assessment

4. Helps client through a helping system or third party. E. Group Counseling and
Guidance
5. Requires him to evaluate programs and
interventions implemented. F. Referral

6. Provides career-choice planning and adjustment G. Placements and Follow-up

assistance to client.
H. Consultation
7. A client-centered process that elicits
I. Prevention
confidentiality.
J. Career Assistance
8. Advances profession in counseling to provide
empirically-based data relevant to the ultimate goal K. Prescription and Treatment
of implementing effective counseling.

9. Integrates an approach in developing a well-

functioning individual.

10. Seeks to identify the characteristics and potentials

of every client.

Grade 12- Disciplines and Ideas in the Applied Social Sciences

Discuss roles and functions of counselors (HUMSS_DIASS12-Ic-6) 2
identify specific work areas in which counselors work (HUMSS_DIASS12-Ic-7)
SCHOOLS DIVISION OF ILOILO
Luna Street, La Paz, Iloilo City

Task 2. SPECIALIZATION
Directions: Match Column A with Column B. Write the letter of the correct answer
on your answer sheet.

COLUMN A COLUMN B

1. parent education, preschool counseling, early A. Career/Lifestyle

childhood education, elementary school
counseling, etc. B. Marital relationship
counseling
2. middle and high school counseling,
psychological education, career development
specialist, etc. C. Child development
and counseling
3. preretirement counseling, community centers
counseling, nursing home counseling, and D. Health
hospice work
E. Business and
4. premarital counseling, marriage counseling,
industry
family counseling, sex education, sexual
dysfunction counseling, and divorce mediation
F. College
5. nutrition counseling, exercise and health and university
education, etc.
G. Drugs
6. guidance on choices and decision-making
pertaining to career or lifestyle H. Gerontology

7. college student counseling, student activities, I. Consultation

student personnel work, etc.
J. Adolescent development
8. substance abuse counseling, alcohol and counseling
counseling, drug counseling, etc.

9. agency and corporate consulting, organizational K. Banking and finance

development director, etc.

10. training and development personnel, quality and

work life or quality circles manager, employee
assistance programs manager, etc.

Grade 12- Disciplines and Ideas in the Applied Social Sciences

Discuss roles and functions of counselors (HUMSS_DIASS12-Ic-6) 3
identify specific work areas in which counselors work (HUMSS_DIASS12-Ic-7)
SCHOOLS DIVISION OF ILOILO
Luna Street, La Paz, Iloilo City

LEARN THIS

Task 3: APPROPRIATE OR INAPPROPRIATE?

Directions: The statements below cover the activities of School Counselors which
was designed by the American School Counselor Association.
Identify whether the activity is appropriate or inappropriate for a school
counselor. Write your answer on a piece of paper.

STATEMENTS

1. conducts orientation, coordination, and academic advising for new learners

2. interprets cognitive, aptitude, and achievement tests

3. signs excuses for learners who are tardy or absent

4. performs disciplinary actions or assigns discipline consequences

5. provides long-term counseling in schools to address psychological disorders

6. covers classes when teachers are absent or creates teacher planning time

7. interprets learner records

8. supervises classrooms or common areas

9. protects learner records and information as defined in DepEd policies

10. consults with the school principal to identify and resolve learner issues, needs,
and problems

Grade 12- Disciplines and Ideas in the Applied Social Sciences

Discuss roles and functions of counselors (HUMSS_DIASS12-Ic-6) 4
identify specific work areas in which counselors work (HUMSS_DIASS12-Ic-7)
SCHOOLS DIVISION OF ILOILO
Luna Street, La Paz, Iloilo City

DISCOVER

Task 4: WORK IDENTIFICATION

Directions: Identify the specific work areas of counselors described by the scenarios
given. Choose your answer inside the box and write it on a piece of
paper.

Health Drugs
Gerontology Consultation
Career/lifestyle Other specialties
Mental relationship counseling Business and Industry
Child development and counseling College and university
Adolescent development and counseling

1. child suffering an attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) which causes an

above-normal level of hyperactive and impulsive behavior

2. single mother of three children physically and verbally abused by her husband

3. grade twelve learner finding difficulty in career decision after graduation

4. newly-wedded woman diagnosed by the doctor of having ectopic pregnancy

5. employee reprimanded by the employer for having poor performance in a couple

of years

6. manager of a fast-food company being unfair to his employees’ welfare

7. a 40-year old bachelor wants to quit smoking and substance abuse

8. varsity player mismanages his time for studies and extra-curricular activities in
school

9. woman suffering an eating disorder ang anorexia

10. a 64-year old woman fears to retire from her executive position in the company

Grade 12- Disciplines and Ideas in the Applied Social Sciences

Discuss roles and functions of counselors (HUMSS_DIASS12-Ic-6) 5
identify specific work areas in which counselors work (HUMSS_DIASS12-Ic-7)
SCHOOLS DIVISION OF ILOILO
Luna Street, La Paz, Iloilo City

REMEMBER THIS

Roles and Functions of Counselors

Counseling entails concept that underlies the roles and functions of the
counselors in today’s society. According to Gibson and Mitchell (2003), counselors
includes members who are recognized as specifically trained, licensed or certified sole
professional providers tasked to perform the unique and needed services to fellow
human beings.
Below are the roles and functions of a counselor:
Roles/
Description
Functions
Counselor seeks to identify the characteristics and potentials of
Individual
every client. It promotes client’s self-understanding. It assists
Assessment
counselor to understand the client better.
The core activity in which other activities have become
Individual meaningful. It is a client-centered process that elicits
Counseling confidentiality. It establishes relationship between counselor and
client.
Group
Counselor provides assistance through group counseling and
Counseling
group guidance.
and Guidance
Career Counselor provides career-choice planning and adjustment
Assistance assistance to client.
Placements School counseling service offered emphasizing on educational
and Follow-Up placement in course and program.
One of the practices which helps client to find the needed expert
Referral
assistance to whom the referring counselor cannot provide.
The process which helps client through a helping system or third
Consultation
party.
Counselors advances their profession in counseling wherein
Research they provide empirically-based data relevant to the ultimate goal
of implementing effective counseling.
Evaluation is a means of assessing the effectiveness of
Evaluation and counselor’s activities. Accountability is demanded from
Accountability counselors requiring them to evaluate programs and
interventions implemented.
It promotes mental health through primary prevention which
Prevention integrates an approach in developing a well-functioning
individual.

Grade 12- Disciplines and Ideas in the Applied Social Sciences

Discuss roles and functions of counselors (HUMSS_DIASS12-Ic-6) 6
identify specific work areas in which counselors work (HUMSS_DIASS12-Ic-7)
SCHOOLS DIVISION OF ILOILO
Luna Street, La Paz, Iloilo City

Counselors’ Areas of Specialization

Counselors are practically found in all spheres of human development,
transitions, and caregiving. As cited in Sampa (2017), Peterson and Nesenholz (1987)
identified eleven (11) major areas of specialization for the counselor’s work:
1. Child development and counseling. It includes parent education, preschool
counseling, early childhood education, elementary school counseling,
child counseling in mental health agencies, and counseling with battered
and abused children and their families.
2. Adolescent development and counseling. It covers middle and high school
counseling, psychological education, career development specialist,
adolescent counseling in mental health agencies, youth work in a
residential facility, and youth probation officer.
3. Gerontological counseling. It is considered as the fastest growing field and
essentially involves counseling of older citizens. It includes preretirement
counseling, community centers counseling, nursing home counseling,
and hospice work.
4. Marital or relationship counseling. It includes premarital counseling,
marriage counseling, family counseling, sex education, sexual
dysfunction counseling, and divorce mediation.
5. Health. It offers possibility for nutrition counseling, exercise and health
education, nurse-counselor, rehabilitation counseling, stress
management counseling, holistic health counseling, anorexia or bulimia
counseling, and genetic counseling.
6. Career/lifestyle counseling. It includes guidance on choices and decision-
making pertaining to career or lifestyle such as guidance on career
development, provision of educational and occupational information to
clients, conducting education on career and lifestyle trends, provision of
various forms of vocational assessment appropriate to a setting,
addressing the career and life development needs of special populations
and appropriate career service in given settings, facilitation of work-
related activities as an integral part of development and formation across
the lifespan, and modeling application of decision-making across the
lifespan. It involves information dissemination of current career,
vocational, education, occupational, and labor market information. It
gives assistance to clients on developing skills necessary to plan,
organize, implement, administer, and evaluate clients own career
development. It facilitates understanding of the interrelationships among
work, family, and other life roles and factors including diversity and
gender, their influence on career development and choices.
7. College and university. It offers the following opportunities: college student
counseling, student activities, student personnel work, residential hall or
dormitory counselor, and counselor educator.

Grade 12- Disciplines and Ideas in the Applied Social Sciences

Discuss roles and functions of counselors (HUMSS_DIASS12-Ic-6) 7
identify specific work areas in which counselors work (HUMSS_DIASS12-Ic-7)
SCHOOLS DIVISION OF ILOILO
Luna Street, La Paz, Iloilo City

8. Drugs. It has several options such as substance abuse counseling, alcohol

counseling, drug counseling, stop smoking program manager, and crisis
intervention counseling.
9. Consultation. Consultation as an area of specialization covers agency and
corporate consulting, organizational development director, industrial
psychology specialist, and training manager.
10. Business and industry. It includes training and development personnel,
quality and work life or quality circles manager, employee assistance
programs manager, employee career development officer, affirmative
action, or equal opportunity specialist.
11. Other specialties. It may include phobia counseling, agoraphobia, self-
management, intra-personal management, interpersonal relationships
management, and grief counseling.
In all specialties, the counselor could be self-employed as a private practitioner
or may be employed by the agency, which may be a government or a non-government
organization (NGO). In any specialty area, additional education and trainings beyond
graduate and post-graduate education are required.

YOUR LEARNINGS

Task 5: ROLE IDENTIFICATION

Directions: Below are pictures of Senior High School Students having a career
guidance activity. Answer the questions that follow. Write your answers
on a separate sheet of paper.
SHS students in a Career Guidance Activity

1. Do you think counseling is needed in this activity? Why?___________________

2. What roles and functions of the counselor are needed?___________________

Grade 12- Disciplines and Ideas in the Applied Social Sciences

Discuss roles and functions of counselors (HUMSS_DIASS12-Ic-6) 8
identify specific work areas in which counselors work (HUMSS_DIASS12-Ic-7)
SCHOOLS DIVISION OF ILOILO
Luna Street, La Paz, Iloilo City

Task 6: MY WORK, MY FUNCTIONS

Directions: Make a matrix showing the roles and functions of counselors under
specific work areas. Use a separate sheet of paper for your answers.

Specific Work Areas Roles and Functions

THINK AND REFLECT

A topic will become meaningful and relevant if you go beyond its context. Try
to reflect on the given questions below.

1. If you were the school guidance counselor, how would you assist
a grade 12 learner who finds difficulty in his career decision after
graduation?

2. Is there a need of a counselor if you feel stress in dealing with

your academic and co-curricular activities? Why?

TEST YOUR KNOWLEDGE

Let’s see how far you have gone in this lesson. Take the assessment below to
test your knowledge.
Directions: Make a 200-word essay expounding the topic, “Millennial
Generations: The Roles and Functions of Counselors.”

Grade 12- Disciplines and Ideas in the Applied Social Sciences

Discuss roles and functions of counselors (HUMSS_DIASS12-Ic-6) 9
identify specific work areas in which counselors work (HUMSS_DIASS12-Ic-7)
SCHOOLS DIVISION OF ILOILO
Luna Street, La Paz, Iloilo City

Answer Key
Task 1. Roles and Functions
1. E 6. J
2. G 7. A
3. F 8. B
4. H 9. I
5. C 10. D

Task 2. Specialization
1. C 6. A
2. J 7. F
3. H 8. G
4. B 9. I
5. D 10. E

Task 3: Appropriate or Inappropriate?

1. A 6. I
2. A 7. A
3. I 8. I
4. I 9. A
5. I 10. A

Task 4: Work Identification

1.Child development and 6. Business and Industry
counseling 7. Drugs
2. Marital relationship counseling 8. College and University
3. Career/lifestyle 9. Health
4. Marital relationship counseling 10. Gerontology
5. Business and Industry

Task 5. Picture Analysis

Answers may vary.

Task 6. My Work, My Function

Answers may vary.

Test Your Knowledge

RUBRICS FOR ESSAY WRITING
4 3 2 1
CRITERIA
Expert Accomplished Capable Beginner
Focus & Details There is clear, There is clear, There is clear, There is no clear,
well-focused topic. well-focused topic. focused topic. focused topic.
Main ideas are Main ideas are Main ideas are Main ideas are
well supported by supported by supported by not supported by
detailed and some detailed and few detailed and few detailed and
accurate accurate accurate accurate
information. information. information. information.
Organization The information is The information is The information The information
inviting, states the inviting, states the is not inviting, is not inviting,
main topic, and main topic, and states the main states the main
provides an provides an topic unclearly, topic unclearly,
overview of the overview of the and provides and provides no
paper. Information paper. Some few overview of overview of the
is relevant and information are the paper. Few paper.
presented in a relevant and information are Information are
logical order. The presented in a relevant and irrelevant and not
conclusion is logical order. The presented in a presented in a
strong. logical order. logical order. The
Grade 12- Disciplines and Ideas in the Applied Social Sciences
Discuss roles and functions of counselors (HUMSS_DIASS12-Ic-6) 10
identify specific work areas in which counselors work (HUMSS_DIASS12-Ic-7)
SCHOOLS DIVISION OF ILOILO
Luna Street, La Paz, Iloilo City

conclusion is The conclusion conclusion is

strong. is weak. weak.
Voice Purpose of writing Purpose of writing Purpose of Purpose of
is clear, and there is clear, and there writing is unclear writing is unclear
is strong evidence is few evidence of clear, and there clear, and there
of attention to attention to is few evidence is no evidence of
audience. audience. Some of attention to attention to
Extensive knowledge and/or audience. Few audience. Few
knowledge and/or experience with knowledge knowledge and/or
experience with the topic is/are and/or experience with
the topic is/are evident. experience with the topic is/are
evident. the topic is/are evident.
evident.
Word Choice It used vivid words It used some vivid It used few vivid It used no vivid
and phrases. The words and words and words and
choice and phrases. Some phrases. Few phrases. Choice
placement of choice words choice of words of words seem
words seems seem accurate seem accurate inaccurate and
accurate and and natural. and natural. unnatural.
natural.
Sentence All sentences are Some sentences Few sentences Sentences are
Structure, well constructed are well are well not well
Grammar, and have varied constructed and constructed and constructed and
Mechanics, & structure and have varied have varied have varied
Spelling length. It makes structure and structure and structure and
no errors in length. It makes length. It makes length. It makes
grammar, some errors in errors in errors in
mechanics, and/or grammar, grammar, grammar,
spelling. mechanics, and/or mechanics, mechanics,
spelling. and/or spelling. and/or spelling.

References
Sampa, E. L. (2017). Disciplines and Ideas in the Applied Social Sciences. Rex Book
Store, Inc. First Edition.
Gibson, R. L. and Mitchell, M. H. (2003). Introduction to Counseling and Guidance.
(Sixth edition. NJ: Merill Prentice Hall.
Appropriate and Inappropriate Activities for School Counselors. Accessed July 26,
2020 https://www.schoolcounselor.org/asca/media/asca/home/appropriate-
activities-of-school-counselors.pdf
What is Counselling? Accessed July 26, 2020,
https://www.skillsyouneed.com/general/referencing.html
https://media.defense.gov/2016/Jul/18/2001576132/-1/-1/0/160301-D-FW736-
009.JPG
Cardinoza, G. (2017). Philippine Daily Inquirer. Accessed July 28, 2020 at
https://newsinfo.inquirer.net/940335/ph-lacks-professional-counselors-to-
deal-with-troubled-youths
Center for Collegiate Mental Health (2014). 2013 Annual Report (Publication No.
STA 14-43). Accessed July 28, 2018 at
https://ccmh.psu.edu/files/2017/10/2013_CCMH_Report1-2evq763.pdf

Grade 12- Disciplines and Ideas in the Applied Social Sciences

Discuss roles and functions of counselors (HUMSS_DIASS12-Ic-6) 11
identify specific work areas in which counselors work (HUMSS_DIASS12-Ic-7)