LEVEL 3

PROGRAM DESCRIPTION

Purpose of the Course:

This course is designed to give attendees deeper knowledge of the techniques
and teaching methodologies associated with Krav Maga Level One. The course
assumes the attendee is already familiar with the techniques through hands-on
training and through study of the videos available at www.kravmagaalliance.com.
During the 3-day course, we will improve and refine the attendee’s abilities, but
we will NOT teach the techniques from the beginning. Students who do not have
a basic understanding of the techniques should not attend.
As we refine the attendee’s understanding of the technique, we will focus on
teaching skills, building lesson plans, and other skills that help the attendee learn
to become an instructor.

Manuals & Note Taking

Each student should come to the course with a copy of Complete Krav Maga by
Darren Levine & John Whitman. (Krav Maga For Beginners is recommended but
not required.)
Each student will be supplied with an additional manual containing lecture
materials and notes.
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The Krav Maga Alliance program has a specific note-taking procedure specially
designed to help with the attendee’s understanding of the techniques.

The Cauldron
The first 2 hours of the first day consists of “The Cauldron.” This is the
attendee’s opportunity to prove they have:
1) the basic conditioning to be an instructor
2) the basic understanding of techniques to continue the course
The Cauldron is very intense, and consists of the following:

• Five 2-minute rounds of aggressive focus mitt work with basic punches
and elbows; one minute rest

• Three 2-minute rounds of aggressive striking with a tombstone pad:

straight punches, front kicks, round kicks, sprawls, and knees; 30 second
rest between rounds. In Round One, the attendee does (upon the
partner’s command) 1 left/right combination; 1 round kick; front kick; 1
sprawl-knee. In Round Two, the attendee does 2 successive techniques
(i.e., two in a row). During Round Three, the attendee does three. One
attendee does three successive rounds with only a 30 second break.

• High intensity performance of all techniques in Level One; for anyone

familiar with a Krav Maga level test, this will be similar.

Results
All attendees who can satisfactorily survive The Cauldron will receive a
Certificate of Completion.
Exceptional performers will receive an enhanced Bronze, Silver, or Gold
certificate.
Bronze = acceptable physical and teaching abilities
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Silver = exceptional physical and teaching abilities
Gold = outstanding physical and teaching abilities
All results will be posted at www.kravmagaalliance.com. Attendees who would
like to improve their ranking will be provided opportunities to do so.

LESSON PLAN
DAY ONE
9am – 11am The Cauldron
12:30 – 1:30pm LUNCH
1:30 – 3:00 Technique Review
Headbutt
Forward
Side
Back
Upward
Defensive Back Kick with a Spin
Heel Kick
Inside Slap Kick
Outside Slap Kick
Knee – Inward Angle
Inside Defense v. Left/Right Combo
Inside Defense v. Left/Right Combo (Lean Back & Trap)
Outside Defenses 1-5
Outside Defense v. Right Punch
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3:00 – 3:30 Lecture: “Problem Students” – Part A

3:30 – 5:30 MOCK TEACHING

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Day Two
12:30 - 1:00 Warm Up & Drills
1:30 – 2:30 Lecture: “Problem Students – Part B
2:30 – 4:00 Mock Teaching
4:00 – 6:30 Technique Review
Defense v. High Round Kick (Reflexive)
Defense v. Med of High Round Kick (2 or 3 points)
Defense v. Med Round Kick (catch)
Defense v. Medium Front Kick (pluck/row)
Defense v. High Front Kick (redirect)
Fall Break Backward (High)
Forward Roll
Forward Roll, Back Fall Break (High Speed)
Backward Roll
Reverse Headlock Standing (Guillotine)
Hair Grabs
Front
Side
Behind
Bearhug From Behind; Leverage On Finger
Bearhug From Behind, Lifting
Bearhug From Front, Lifting
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Day Three
9:00 – 11:00 TECHNIQUE REVIEW
Ground – Defense v. Kicks to Head or Body
Ground – Arm Bar From Guard
Ground – Defense v. Arm Bar From Guard
Ground – Guard Reversal (Scissor Sweep)
Ground – Choke From the Side
Ground – Headlock from the Side; Forward
Ground – Headlock from the Side; Back
Ground – Headlock from the Side; Bridge
Ground – Escape from the Guard (Posture/Groin Strike)
Ground – Side Control; Position and Strikes
Ground – Side Control Hip Escape
Ground – Side Control Underhook Escape
Ground – Arm Lock from Side Control
Ground – Defense v. Arm Lock from Side Control
Ground – Arm Lock from Full Mount
Ground – Defense v. Arm Lock from Full Mount
Ground – Side Mount to Full Mount
Ground – Side Mount Disengage (Knee to Belly)
11:00 – 11:30 BREAK
11:30 – 3:30 Physical Test
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Teaching Test

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LECTURE: DEALING WITH PROBLEM STUDENTS

Problem students can be broken into a number of categories. The two primary
categories are Poor Performers and Challenging Students
POOR PERFORMERS – individuals who aren’t intentionally causing any kind of
problem, but simply cannot perform the techniques.
1. Danger to themselves and others
2. Occupy too much of your time.
SOLUTIONS
a. Individualized attention (but too much will make them anxious)
b. Give them one thing to fix, not multiple things; be satisfied with small
progress.
c. Change verbal cues – don’t keep repeating statements that don’t sink in;
your job to adjust to them.
d. Partial movements to feel technique and have success
e. Partner with assistant instructor, high level student, etc.

CHALLENGING STUDENTS
1. Bad behavior – talking in class, not following directions
2. Zealots – not trying to screw you intentionally
3. Experts – ask comparative questions; often try to teach their
partners
4. Skeptics – doubt techniques and express it to you or partner
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5. Tough guys – need to prove how strong they are, either to you
or to partner
SOLUTIONS
A. Authority in class, command presence
B. Awareness, ready to win every fight
C. Challenging questions are an opportunity to explain our
approach
D. Responses: “Oh, if you’re experienced, then you know…”; “You
came to learn Krav Maga…”; “…empty tea cup…”
E. Deal with skeptics through knowledge and performance
F. Verbal responses
G. Physical responses

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TECHNIQUE: Headbutts
“COMPLETE KRAV MAGA” PAGE # 163

Forward Headbutt:

Teaching points -

• This is a close range strike delivered to a target directly in front of you.

• The striking point is at the top of the forehead, just at the average person's
hairline.
• The target is ALWAYS below the opponent's brow bone, ideally the nose.
• Keeping the jaw tightly shut and the neck stiff, use your legs and upper
body to drive your head forward.
• To gain extra control and power, grab the opponent's head by the ears or
sides of the hair, whenever possible.

Headbutt to the Side:

Teaching points:

• Used when your opponent is at your side and close in, as with a bearhug.
As you begin the headbutt, turn your head sharply toward your opponent,
so that your forehead faces him.
• From this point, the strike becomes Forward Headbutt, and all teaching
points from that strike apply.

Upward Headbutt:

Teaching points:

• The striking surface is the top or back part of your skull.

• The strike is used when the target is above your head (for example, if you
shoot in on an opponent and fail to complete the attack, you may take the
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opportunity to drive upward to strike his chin.)

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• Drive your head upward while clenching the jaw and stiffening the neck.

Headbutt to the Back:

This technique is most frequently delivered as part of a defense against

bearhugs, when being bearhugged from behind. It is also effective against
someone facing you when you are doubled over, as in reverse headlock. In this
case, the trainee drives his head upward, but strikes using the back of the head.

Teaching points:

• The striking point is the back of the head, near the crown.
• Send the head back sharply and aggressively, while tightening the jaw
and neck muscles.

Commonly Asked Questions:

Q: Must one always grab the target when making headbutts?

A: No. Grabbing adds force to the strike and assures accuracy, but can
telegraph the strike. It is certainly possible to headbutt without grabbing the
target.

Q: When should I choose not to headbutt?

A: When the target is too low to strike safely, the headbutt should be avoided.
Your aim should ALWAYS be to strike somewhere below the opponent's
eyebrows, preferably the nose.

Note that in groundfighting, headbutts can be given when the person is beneath
you. However, if your chin is in line with the opponent's forehead, the technique
should be avoided.

When using headbutts in combative combinations, keep in mind the effect your
strikes will have on your opponent. Front kick to the groin/headbutt or straight
low punch/headbutt are problematic, as they will tend to bring your opponent's
head down, exposing the hardest part of the skull to your attack.
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TECHNIQUE: Defensive Back Kick with a Spin
“COMPLETE KRAV MAGA” PAGE # 167
Krav Maga emphasizes simplicity of movement over “fancy” techniques.
However, spinning back kick has proven itself to be most practical, as the
direction of the kick opposes any forward movement of an opponent.

Teaching Points:
• Always use the rear leg when delivering spinning kicks.
• Using the forward foot, step across and slightly forward (as the trainee
becomes more adept this step can be eliminated, but it will ALWAYS
facilitate the spin).
• Turn around sharply. The heel of your base foot (forward foot) should now
be pointed at the target, your back faces the target, and your head turns
just enough to see the target. You should now be in the same position as
regular back kick.
• Deliver a back kick, turning to face the target as you recoil.

Commonly Asked Questions:

Q: When should this kick be used?

A: Defensive spinning back kick can be used when the student feels
overwhelmed by punches, as it delivers a strong strike while avoiding oncoming
punches.

The kick can also be made as a follow up to round kick when the opponent
retreats back from the round kick.

Q: Why do I keep missing the center of the target?

A: Often the student is turning too far, or not far enough. Make sure the heel of
the base foot points toward the target. Also, describing the motion as more of a
“turn” than a “spin” (despite the name) can help the student who is intimidated by
the technique.

Notes and Observations:

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Back Kick v. Side Kick: Students will often rotate too far, turning the back kick

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into a spinning side kick. Spinning side kick is generally to be avoided, as it is
easily seen and exposes the groin. Remind the student to point the toes on the
kicking foot down and strive to control their rotation.

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LEVEL 3
TECHNIQUE: Heel Kick
“COMPLETE KRAV MAGA” PAGE # 170
Heel Kick is used when the target is to the side of the defender, but the opening
does not allow for use of Side Kick. Make the kick on the horizontal or diagonal
plane, as dictated by the opening.

Teaching points:

• With the target to your side, raise your close leg slightly in front of the
target. Keep the leg relatively straight.
• As you raise the foot, bend your body over your opposite hip, allowing the
leg to rise as high as necessary.
• Leading with the heel, aggressively swing your leg back toward the target.
Your hip and shoulder move in the same direction (not the opposite
direction).
• Just before contact, bend the knee slightly, adding power and protecting
the joint from hyperextension.

NOTE: Heel Kick can be made with an advance. Make the advance as you
would with Side Kick, stepping the base foot behind the kicking foot.

Commonly Asked Questions:

Q: The side of foot keeps striking the target instead of the heel. Why?

A: The student's body is remaining too far upright. Leaning the body away from
the target allows the heel to lead the technique.

Q: Why do I keep losing my balance, falling away from the target?

A: The student is turning his back too much toward the target. Make sure the
shoulder turns in the direction of the kick, helping your body stay balanced and
keeping your weight in the strike

Q: After making the strike, should I recoil or follow through, landing in a fighting
stance?
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A: Generally, follow through, training your body to make a stronger kick.

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However, understand that you will not “cut through” a person's body, and a recoil
will be necessary on the street.

Q: Is the kick made on a horizontal or diagonal plane?

A: Either is correct. The horizontal kick requires more flexibility, especially when
made to the head.

Notes and Observations:

Students from other systems will be familiar with this kick. However, they will
typically begin the strike as a side kick, “snapping” the foot into a heel kick toward
the end. This version is more deceptive than ours, but it is generally weaker.
The variation is acceptable, but its use should be a conscious decision, so such
students must be made aware of the differences.

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LEVEL 3
TECHNIQUE: Inside Slap Kick
“COMPLETE KRAV MAGA” PAGE # 171
This kick can be made with either leg, and attacks openings similar to round
kicks.

Teaching points:

• The striking surface is the “L” shaped interior part of the foot and ankle.
• Raise the leg forward, bending the knee.
• Emphasize the “chambering” action of the bent knee – upon action, the
knee cants slightly inward, the foot slightly outward.
• Snap the foot quickly out, making contact at about a 45 degree angle.
• Unlike round kick, the hips do not roll over.

Commonly Asked Questions:

Q: What is the difference between a Slap Kick and a Round Kick?

A: Inside Slap Kick is a more deceptive strike. It initially appears to be front kick,
but strikes like a round kick. This is useful when opposite an opponent who
recognizes the hip roll of an impending round kick. Inside Slap Kick also allows
the defender to reach the same targets as round kick when he/she cannot roll the
hips due to injury, timing, or lack of strength.

Q: Is this the same as the “Crescent Kick” used in other systems?

A: No, but the kicks are similar. With the crescent kick the emphasis is on the
downward motion. The Inside Slap Kicks motion is more linear – a diagonal line
which penetrates the target.

Q: Why can't I get the “snap” in my leg? Is this necessary?

A: Yes. You will get the “snap” by first bringing the knee up bent, then snapping
out the foot, adding power and “pop” to the strike. Raising the leg with the knee
unbent prevents the snap and makes the leg heavy and less powerful.
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TECHNIQUE: Outside Slap Kick
“COMPLETE KRAV MAGA” PAGE # 172

This kick strikes openings like those attacked by Heel Kick. The kick can be
made with either leg, however the rear leg will be slower and it's use will offer
balance problems to some students.

Teaching points:

• The striking surface is the “L” shape of the exterior of the foot and ankle.
• Raise the leg forward, bending the knee.
• Emphasize the “chambering” action of the bent knee – upon action the
knee cants slightly outward, the foot slightly inward.
• Snap the foot quickly out, making contact at about a 45 degree angle.
• Ensure that the hips open up, driving more power into the kick

NOTE: Outside Slap Kick can be made with an advance. Make the advance as
you would with Side Kick, stepping the base foot behind the kicking foot.

Commonly Asked Questions:

Q: Why make contact with the side of the foot and ankle instead of the blade or
tip of the foot?

A: Using the side of the foot and ankle reduces the possibility of injury to the
kicker and adds power to the strike, as this part of the foot is more supported by
the structure of the body.

Q: Why can't I get the “snap” in my leg? Is this necessary?

A: Yes. You will get the “snap” by first bringing the knee up bent, then snapping
out the foot, adding power and “pop” to the strike. Raising the leg with the knee
unbent prevents the snap and makes the leg heavy and less powerful.

Notes and Observations:

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Outside Slap Kick can be made with either foot. Students often prefer to use the

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stronger rear foot, but are frustrated by the awkwardness of quickly moving the
leg forward, properly canting the leg, and making the strike. Assure students that
this awkwardness is common and will diminish with repeated practice.

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LEVEL 3

TECHNIQUE: Inward Angle Knee

“COMPLETE KRAV MAGA” PAGE # 173

This strike allows the defender to bring the knee directly up and in, avoiding the
telegraphing motion of the round knee. This technique will be familiar to Muay
Thai fighters, and is used in the clinch to create room to deliver further strikes.

Teaching points:

• From a clinch lift one knee straight up and to the side. The knee points to
the ceiling with the foot directly underneath.
• Drive the knee aggressively into the attacker.
• As you begin the inward attack of the knee, tip the knee toward the target,
so that it leads the attack and power is added to the strike.

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LEVEL 3
TECHNIQUE: Inside Defense Against Left-Right Combination
“COMPLETE KRAV MAGA” PAGE # 174
As the left-right is one of the most common striking combinations used, students
should diligently train to defend it.

Teaching points:

• Make an Inside Defense against the oncoming left punch.

• Your left hand is already up – as it ALWAYS is – ready to defend against
the impending right punch.
• Make the inside defense against the right punch, shifting your head
evasively to the opposite side in a body defense.

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LEVEL 3
TECHNIQUE: Inside Defense Against Left-Right Combination (Lean Back and
Trap)
“COMPLETE KRAV MAGA” PAGE # 175
Be aware of the fact that many fighters fall unconsciously into the habit of striking
in a repeated left-right combination, and exploit this fact to your advantage.

The technique can be taught in two contexts: the defender is caught off guard by
the attack, or the defender is setting the attacker up. In the tradition of training
for the worst case scenario, we will address being caught off-guard first.

Teaching points:

• As you sense the oncoming attack, your body will instinctively throw up
your hands and lean away from the punches.
• As your hands fly up, make an inside defense against the left punch,
leaning your body backward.
• As you lean back, keep your weight centered and and try to maintain
enough stability in your feet to allow you to burst back into the fight. Your
ability to do this will depend in part on your initial state of readiness. The
more surprised you were by the initial attack, the more difficult it will be.
• Make an Inside Defense against the oncoming right punch with your left
hand. Immediately hook your left hand to clear the punching hand and
counterattack, bursting in as strongly as possible.

Additional Note:

This technique can be very effective when “setting up” an attacker whose left-
right strikes have fallen into a predictable pattern. Lean back as though
retreating. This will often make the attacker come after you all the more strongly,
leaving himself open as continues his pattern. HOWEVER, fights are very fluid,
and your opponent may choose that moment to change his attack. Only set your
opponents up in this manner when you have noticed a consistent habit on their
part of throwing a left-right combination.

Commonly Asked Questions:

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Q: I was taught never to lean my weight out of a fight. Why do it now?

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A: The idea is to lure the attacker into committing to his right punch. When using
the technique, you lean the upper body away while keeping your weight centered
and your feet ready to burst forward. There is a difference between leaning away
to retreat and leaning out to set a trap.

Q: Do I just hook the right hand down or do I defend first?

A: Defend first – address the immediate danger. Redirect the punch and hook
the arm down, making room for your counterattack.

Notes and Observations:

Make sure that students don't simply retreat out of the fight. They should make a
small, controlled step and lean their bodies back just enough to evade the punch,
while preparing their own attack.

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LEVEL 3
TECHNIQUE: Outside Defense Against Right Punch (Punching Defense)
“COMPLETE KRAV MAGA” PAGE # 182
When an attacker's cross punch comes from outside our forward hand, we can
defend and counter simultaneously with the forward hand.

Teaching points:

• As the attacker's cross develops, punch with your forward hand.

• Yours should be an overhand punch, with the elbow bent as it brushes
along the inside of the attacker's punch, redirecting it. Your attacker's
punch is redirected up and away from your face.
• Tuck your head into your shoulder to make a body defense.
• Continue the strike, slamming your punch down into the attacker's face.

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LEVEL 3
TECHNIQUE: Outside Defenses
“COMPLETE KRAV MAGA” PAGE # 177-181
Outside defenses against punches are made when the attack is coming toward
us from outside our hand position. Common examples of this type of attack are
haymakers and hooks, but they are not the only ones.

If the defender's hands are down when a a straight-line attack approaches, the
fastest line of defense is from the center line of the body outward (unlike the
regular inside defense one would make if the hands were up). It is possible that
a straight-line attack comes in from an angle that makes inside defenses
impractical. Again, the fastest and most direct defense is to move the hand from
the center line of the body toward the outside – hence the name “Outside
Defenses”.

In any case the principle remains the same: make the shortest possible
movement that defends the attack.

Outside Defense #1

The quickest of the Outside Defenses, #1 REDIRECTS a straight punch coming

from the front. This defense is made when the defender's forward hand is down.

Teaching points:

• The student is in fighting stance, but the forward hand is down and in front
of the body.
• As the punch develops, bring your forward hand up in a tight circular
motion, with the thumb leading. Your palm will be facing you.
• The motion of the circle MUST pass in front of your face to defend the
punch.
• Make a small body defense with your head while redirecting the punch.
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Outside Defense #2

Outside Defense #2 is both slightly stronger and slightly slower than #1. The
decision of which defense to make is largely dependent upon the instinctive
movements of the student. It is made from the same position as #1, and it
REDIRECTS the attack.

Teaching points:

• The student is in fighting stance, but the forward hand is down and in front
of the body.
• As the punch develops, bring your forward hand up in a tight circular
motion, with the back of the hand leading. Your thumb will be facing you.
• The motion of the circle MUST pass in front of your face to defend the
punch.
• Make a small body defense with your head while redirecting the punch.

Outside Defense #3

Although this defense looks similar to #5, there are a few important distinctions.
It is made against a straight punch coming from the front, especially an attack
toward the head IN WHICH THE SHORTEST LINE OF DEFENSE IS UP. This
defense REDIRECTS the attack.

Teaching points:

• As the punch develops, roll your forearm up horizontally in front of your

face.
• As the blade of the arm makes contact with the strike it continues to roll
up, forcing the punch to move up and over the head.
• Simultaneously, drop your head down and counterattack with a punch to
the body.
• Keep your weight in the strike, do not drop it down so much you can't
move your feet quickly.
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Outside Defense #4

This defense is made against wild “haymaker” type attacks.

Teaching points:

• Begin in fighting stance.

• As the punch develops, stab with the same-side hand forward and slightly
inward, to ensure contact is made inside the attacker's strike.
• Tuck your head inside your shoulders, keeping your chin low and your
eyes on the target.
• Allow the punch to slide along the outside of your forearm.
• As soon as you feel contact, increase the redirection of the attack by
moving your forearm slightly outward.
• Simultaneously counterattack with your other hand.

Outside Defense #5

This defense, which REDIRECTS the attack, is very similar to #1 and #2.
However, this defense is made with the pinky side out, using the blade of the
arm, defending against a straight punch coming in from the side. The defense
may be made whether the hands are up or down.

Teaching points:

• Begin in fighting stance.

• As the straight punch approaches from the side, move the same side hand
in a sharp circular motion to the side and forward, making contact as close
to the attacker's wrist as possible. The farther up the attacker's arm you
strike, the later your defense has been.
• Allow your shoulder to open, permitting your hand to rotate farther, and
helping you prepare to counterattack.
• Allow your head to shift along with your defense, taking it off-line in case
the attacker attempts to continue the assault.
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LEVEL 3
TECHNIQUE: Defense v. High Round Kick (Reflexive)
“COMPLETE KRAV MAGA” PAGE # 183
As this defense assumes the trainee has been caught completely off guard, it
takes advantage of the body's natural defense mechanism to an attack to the
upper torso or head.

Teaching points:

• As the kick develops, defensively raise the hands, palms out and hands
open.
• Rotate your torso so that your shoulders square up to the kick.
• Drive the meaty part of your forearms toward the kick, blocking it.
• Your arms should act as shock absorbers, but be should be held strongly
enough that the kick cannot get through.
• Immediately burst diagonally forward and begin your counterattack.
Logical strikes from this position include hammerfist/straight punch begun
with the closest hand, straight punch with the rear hand, and overhand
punch with the lead hand.

Additional note:

If the defender recognizes the attack in time he can take a diagonal step inward
toward the attacker.

Commonly Asked Questions:

Q: This defense is very painful! Am I doing something wrong?

A: Be sure the student is defending with the meaty part of the forearm, not the
blade of the arm. Defending with the blade of the arm risks injury to the student
by pitting the bone against the larger, stronger shinbone of the attacker. The
student must be sure the palms are facing toward the kick. However, this
defense is uncomfortable even when everything is done correctly. That being
said, it is sparing us the discomfort of taking a round kick to the head or torso.

Q: Where on the attacker's leg should I make contact?

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A: Assuming the defender has been caught off guard, the defense will be late,
so the point of contact is the attacker's shin. If the trainee sees the attack in time,
he should move diagonally inward toward the attacker, allowing him to make
contact higher up the leg.

Q: Can I use this technique from my fighting stance?

A: Yes, but it is of limited value when training from fighting stance, as turning to
one's dead side while in fighting stance is inhibited by the forward placement of
the hips and shoulder.

Notes and observations:

Be sure the defender keeps the elbows down during the technique, creating a
strong, shock-absorbing wall of defense. Extending the arms too much weakens
their ability to withstand the force of the kick and increases the possibility that the
kick will pass over or under the defense.

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LEVEL 3
TECHNIQUE: Defense v. High Round Kick (Fighting Stance – 2 Contact Points)
“COMPLETE KRAV MAGA” PAGE # 184
From fighting stance the trainee can make a stronger defense against round kick.

Teaching points:

• As the kick develops, rotate the shoulders toward the kick so that they are
relatively squared. Simultaneously clench the fist and stiffen the arm
closest to the oncoming strike, similar to defense against hook punch.
• At the same time, drive your opposite palm toward the kick. Squaring your
shoulders towards the kick facilitates this motion.
• Counterattack as described in Kick Defense Against High Round Kick
(Reflexive Defense).

Additional Note: Defending round kick to the dead side is slightly more difficult
because of the fighting stance, as the stance itself inhibits the turning motion of
the hips and shoulders. Defending to the live side will be easier for most
students.

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LEVEL 3
TECHNIQUE: Defense v. High Round Kick (Fighting Stance – 3 Contact Points)
“COMPLETE KRAV MAGA” PAGE # 185
Defending against high round kick using 3 contact points disperses the force of
the attack across a broader area, and is the more comfortable defense if the
attacker is much larger than you. We add the third contact point by eliminating
the shoulder rotation.

Teaching points:

• As the kick develops, tuck your chin and, make a fist, bringing the fist up
to the same side shoulder.
• At the same time, drive your opposite palm toward the kick. This hand
should line up with your shoulder and fist.
• Counterattack as described in Kick Defense Against High Round Kick
(Reflexive Defense).
• When using 3 contact points to defend round kick you MUST tuck your
chin and try protect your head. As this defense allows the kick to come
much closer to the head you may be open to kicks with the ball of the foot
or toe (booted feet).

Commonly Asked Questions:

Q: Can I make the same hand motion as in reflexive defense?

A: Yes. You must emphasize a powerful turning of the hips when turning to the
dead side, as it is more difficult to make this arm motion while in fighting stance.

Q: Why do I make a fist and defend with the outside of my forearm on this
defense, but use the meaty portion of my forearm on the reflexive defense?

A: The reflexive defense assumes the defender is caught off guard, and is
therefore more likely to defend with an open hand. If a defender is in fighting
stance, the assumption is that he/she is prepared to react and that making the
stronger defense, with a closed fist, is possible.

The same principle applies to 360 Defense #3 versus Outside Defense #3

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against hook punch. The 360 Defense assumes a more reflexive movement and

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is therefore performed with an open hand, whereas the defense against hook
punch assumes the defender is already in the fight, and uses a closed fist.

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LEVEL 3

TECHNIQUE: Defense v. High Round Kick (Covering)

“COMPLETE KRAV MAGA” PAGE # 186
If the defender does not recognize the kick in time to make a two-handed
defense, a covering defense may be his only option. This defense is similar to
the 3 point defense with a closed fist, combined with a body defense if possible.

Teaching points:

• As the kick develops, make a 360-type defense with the same side hand,
keeping the defense TIGHT to the body. The defender must NOT “reach
out” to meet the attack. Your forearm will not be strong, and could be
seriously injured by a strong kick.
• Keep the fist tightly closed.
• Keep the forearm angled slightly inward, so that rising kicks may slide up
the arm, reducing some of the force of impact on the arm.
• Simultaneously, step diagonally inward, away from the most powerful part
of the kick. If the defender has not recognized the kick early enough, an
inward step may not be possible. However, even leaning the body in or
stepping in on contact will serve to reduce the kick's impact to some
extent.
• Counterattack immediately, possibly with a rear leg round kick or a front
kick.

Commonly Asked Questions:

Q: I feel like I'm just absorbing the blow. What am I doing wrong?

A: This technique assumes you haven't seen the kick in time to make a stronger
defense, and as result you are absorbing part of the blow. If you're keeping your
arm tensed, your fist tight, and your forearm angled, you are doing the technique
correctly. Also, be sure the lean in or step diagonally toward the attacker to
avoid taking the kick where it is most powerful.
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LEVEL 3
TECHNIQUE: Fall Breaks High (Back and Side)
“COMPLETE KRAV MAGA” PAGE # 187
All principles of regular fall break (both back and side) apply to high fall break.
The difference is the angle your arms take as they strike the ground. The angle
of the arms to the body in regular fall break is about 45 degrees.

As the height of the fall increases, causing your head to angle more sharply
toward the ground and your feet to fly higher into the air, your arms must angle
out farther from your body to break the fall. During a very high fall break, your
arms go straight out from your shoulders.

Teaching points:

• Always tuck your chin to protect your neck and head.

• To create the feel of a high fall break, you must throw your feet into the air,
thrusting them higher than your head.
• Except for the angle of the arms to the body, all principles of regular fall
break apply.

Commonly Asked Questions:

There are rarely many technical questions regarding this technique. Students
are either already comfortable with the idea of fall breaks, or they are very
intimidated – and their fear increases with the height of the fall.

Notes and Observations:

Students are often fearful of the high fall break. Allow them to train on the
thickest mat possible to begin their training. If available, use a mat as thick as a
mattress to allow them to become more comfortable with the technique.
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LEVEL 3
TECHNIQUE: Rolls General Comment
“COMPLETE KRAV MAGA” PAGE # 188

Rolls are important in the overall context of self defense. While in the fight, while
retreating or advancing on an opponent, or while advancing to help a third party,
we may slip on an unstable surface or be tripped by an object or person. If there
is no immediate danger to address, rolls offer us best solution to get off the
ground as quickly as possible.

Rolls are made on a diagonal, from one shoulder to the opposite hip, in order to
minimize the time the spine spends in contact with the ground. Protecting the
spine is the main goal while rolling.

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LEVEL 3
TECHNIQUE: Forward Roll
“COMPLETE KRAV MAGA” PAGE # 188
Teaching Points

• Assuming you are right-handed, step forward on your right foot. Bend
down and place your right hand, palm down, flat on the ground with your
fingers pointing to the left and slightly back toward you. Place your left
hand flat on the ground, palm down, with your fingers facing forward and
somewhat toward your right hand. With your elbows bent, your arms
should now form a rough circle, causing your right shoulder to “lead” the
motion.
• Protect your neck by strongly tucking your chin under your left armpit.
• Push off with your feet to roll yourself forward. Keep your back rounded
and lead with your right shoulder.
• As you roll, allow your legs to form a “figure 4”, with the left leg bent. The
right leg is also bent, but not as strongly. The figure 4 position of the legs
allows you to rise into a natural fighting stance as you complete the roll,
finishing on your feet.
• Roll from your right shoulder to your left hip, not directly over your head.
• Allow the roll to propel you into a kneeling position, with your right foot on
the ground and your left knee on the ground. Your left foot MUST be
resting on the BALL of the foot, not on the top!
• From the kneeling position, allow the continued force of the roll to propel
you as you stand up. The figure 4 you created during the roll, and landing
on the ball of the left foot moves you into fighting stance, facing the
opposite direction of the roll.

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LEVEL 3
TECHNIQUE: Forward Roll/Back Fall Break
“COMPLETE KRAV MAGA” PAGE # 190
If a trainee is moving at such high speed that he/she cannot make a complete a
forward roll with control, the technique is modified to include a fall break.

The included teaching points on all rolls assume a right-handed trainee. Reverse
all directions if the trainee is left handed.

Teaching points:

• Begin at a run.
• Make a forward roll.
• Halfway through the roll, assuming you have too much velocity to
complete the forward roll with control, make a side fall break with your left
hand.

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LEVEL 3
TECHNIQUE: Side Roll
“COMPLETE KRAV MAGA” PAGE #
The principles of forward rolls will also apply to side rolls.

Teaching points:
*Note that, unlike a cartwheel, your body should not remain sideways for the
entire roll.
*Assume you are rolling to your right. As with forward roll, the right shoulder
leads, the head tucks to the left.

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LEVEL 3

TECHNIQUE: Backward Roll

“COMPLETE KRAV MAGA” PAGE # 191
It is possible that the fastest way to get off the ground may be a backward roll,
especially during a ground fight.

Teaching points:

• Begin the roll on your feet but crouched down into a deep squat.
• Drop your weight, rounding your back, dropping your butt to the ground
and rolling backwards.
• As you roll, reach both hands over one shoulder (in this case the left
shoulder), keeping your hands and arms in close to your body.
• Keep the chin tucked.
• The movement of your hands over your shoulder should drive the
movement of the body over that same shoulder, rather than over your
neck. Using your abs, pull your knees over that same shoulder, and allow
the pull of the knees and the momentum of the roll to propel you
backward.
• Your hands are on the floor under your shoulder. Push off with your
hands, completing the roll. Allow the momentum of the roll and the
pushing of your hands to help you to end up on your feet.

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LEVEL 3
TECHNIQUE: Reverse Headlock (Standing)
“COMPLETE KRAV MAGA” PAGE # 192

• As the headlock comes on, tuck your chin toward the attacker's hands,
and make a strong plucking motion with both hands. His hands are the
weakest part of the choke – attack them.
• If the choke is too strong or the attacker's body is too close, strike the
groin and deliver an elbow #5 to the attacker's face to soften him up,
create an open, and/or distract him.
• Once you have struck, pluck again with the left hand, striving to create a
space in which to drive your right shoulder into the attacker, relieving the
pressure of the choke.
• Your shoulder is in – continue to drive it hard upwards and slightly out to
the left to break the hold. If both your hands are not already on the
attacker's right hand, put them there.
• As you drive up, keep a tight hold on your attacker's right hand and pivot
your body to the left, through and under his right arm. This places
pressure on the wrist. You may either keep the hand by holding tight with
your two hands or pressing it against your chest as you pivot to the left,
creating a wrist lock.
• Be sure to keep the attacker's elbow up! Also be sure that you can face
him and stand close to him, putting pressure on the wrist. If you stand
sideways to him, he will be able to strike with a spinning elbow or
hammerfist. If you feel the attacker begin to rotate, turn with him and
continue to apply pressure!
• If the attacker continues to fight or resist, break the wrist and/or begin
combatives.

Commonly Asked Questions:

Q: Why pluck first? Why not just attack the groin first?

A: In Krav Maga we address the immediate danger first, which in this case is the
choke. If you feel the choke come on strong before you respond you may make
an initial strike. However the elbows and groin strikes are only designed to allow
you to perform the defense against the headlock, so if you can perform the
defense first, do so.
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Q: What happens if I get stuck in the middle of the technique and can't pivot out
of the headlock?

A: If you have succeeded in getting your shoulder wedged in you have

addressed the immediate danger and relieved the pressure on your throat. From
this point you must continue to strike. A groin strike with the hand is now not
practical, as it may dislodge your shoulder from its position. Attack with knees to
the groin and stomps until you can drive yourself out of the headlock and pivot
around to complete the technique.

Q: Some grappling systems recommend draping a hand over the shoulder. Why
not do that?

A: Draping the hand over the shoulder does relieve pressure from the choke, but
it also commits you to a grappling match, which may or may not be
recommended for you.

Q: Why do I get stuck when I try to drive through the arm?

A: The defender is probably pushing out, parallel to the floor instead of up. The
combined motion of up and out is what creates the twisting of the attacker's arm.

Notes and Observations:

Students should train to respond immediately to Reverse Headlock Standing, as

it is a very common attack, particularly when students are learning to shoot in for
takedowns. Any delay in the defense allows the attacker to sink the choke more
tightly in.

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LEVEL 3
TECHNIQUE: Hair Grab From The Front
“COMPLETE KRAV MAGA” PAGE # 194
Teaching Points:

• As the attacker grabs your hair, bring both hands up and slam the sharply,
one on top of the other, down over his hand. This smashes his knuckles
against your skull causing him pain.
• Be sure your elbows are in to protect your face against an oncoming
punch, a likely follow-up to a hair grab.
• Immediately bend your body sharply, bending deeply at the waist, as if
taking a bow. Bend forward! This causes pressure on the wrist, as
opposed to send the hips back, which relieves pressure on the wrist.
• Quickly move backward to stretch out your attacker's body as it drops with
the bend of your waist. Immediately begin counterattacking with kicks to
the face.

Commonly Asked Questions:

Q: My partner isn't feeling any pain in his wrist. Why?

A: You are probably stepping back too early or moving your hips back when you
bow. Both of the motions relieve, rather than increase pressure on the wrist.
Bow quickly and deeply, then move backwards.
Q: What if I'm bald?

A: Then you don't have to worry about anyone grabbing your hair. However,
should you have to defend against an similar attack if you are wearing a hoodie,
the same principles apply.

Q I can make the technique and stretch my partner out, but he is still holding on
to my hair. What do I do?

A: Continue kicking your attacker in the face. In the unlikely event that they hold
on in a surprise situation, his head should still be in good kicking range.
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LEVEL 3
TECHNIQUE: Hair Grab From the Front Or Side (Impending Knee Strike)
“COMPLETE KRAV MAGA” PAGE # 195
A logical follow up to a hair grab is a knee strike to the face. If you have begun
the response to a regular hair grab from the front, continue to make the it,
keeping your elbows tightly in front of your face to protect you from the knee
strike. This is not an ideal defense against the knee strike to the face, but as
there will be no time to adjust your defense, commit strongly to the one you have
begun.

Teaching points:

• As your upper body is pulled down, make a 360 Defense #7 with the
closest arm against the rising thigh. Simultaneously attack the groin,
striking with your free hand.
• In the event that you “crossblock” the attack – defending against the left
knee with your left hand, your counterattack will be delayed. Make your
counterattack at the first possible instant.
• Continue driving forward with your body, relieving any pressure or control
still being applied by the hair grab. Straighten up as soon as possible to
avoid more knee strikes and to continue your counterattack.

Note: If the hair grab is from the front and no more knee strikes are impending,
the principles of regular Hair Grab from the Front apply.

Commonly Asked Questions:

Q: How will I know the difference between a knee strike and another sort of hair
pull?

A: If you're being pulled down, assume they intend to knee you in the face. The
nature of the attack will dictate the defense to some extent. If you are attacked
with a regular hair grab, your hands will instinctively fly to the area of pain. If you
are about to be struck with a knee to the face, the downward force you are
experiencing will cause your hands to fly forward to break your fall. Krav Maga
self defense techniques are built upon the body's instinctive defensive
movements, so your instincts should be to move in the direction of the correct
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defense.

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LEVEL 3
TECHNIQUE: Hair Grab From The Side
“COMPLETE KRAV MAGA” PAGE # 196

If you feel yourself being pulled down, a knee strike to the face is a strong
possibility. Make the appropriate defense.

It is also possible the attacker is pulling you to a second location (i.e. a car or
alley).

In either case, one principle remains the same: you must burst in the direction of
the pull at a rate of speed faster than the pull itself. If the attacker is pulling you
at 5 miles an hour, you burst in at 6 miles an hour. Only by moving in faster than
the rate of the pull can you regain control of your body and the situation.

Teaching points:

• As the attacker grabs your hair and pulls, do not resist. Burst in strongly in
the direction of the pull.
• Remember: if you feel yourself being pulled down, there is a strong
possibility you are about to take a knee to the face. Immediately make a
360 defense against the probable strike.
• As you burst in, the close hand may reach up and grab the hand that is
holding your hair. This instinctive movement may help limit the attacker's
control. However, it is bursting in that will cause you to regain control of
your body.
• Counterattack with your free hand. If you have been caught off guard and
your hands are down, the fastest and simplest attack will be to the groin.
However, if your hands are up for any reason, you may just as quickly and
easily counterattack to the face, striking with a punch or even an elbow,
depending upon the distance.

Note on bursting in: If possible, limit your vulnerability to a punch from your
attacker's free hand by bursting in toward the shoulder of the hand that is
grasping your hair.
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LEVEL 3
TECHNIQUE: Hair Grab From the Opposite Side Or Back Of The Head
“COMPLETE KRAV MAGA” PAGE # 197
Hair grabs can come from any angle, including an attack that has the attacker on
your side but grabbing your hair from the back, or reaching around to the other
side of your head. An attacker may also come up behind you and grab the hair
at the back of your head.

Teaching points:

• Do not resist the motion of the pull. Instead, burst in strongly in the
direction of the pull. You may feel yourself “spin” around toward the pull.
Go with this motion.
• As you are spun around make a 360 Defense, if necessary, with the
closest hand.
• Counterattack to the groin with the free hand, or if there is no knee strike,
with the closest hand.
• If possible, limit your vulnerability to a punch from your attacker's free
hand by bursting in toward the shoulder of the hand that is grabbing your
hair.

Commonly Asked Questions:

Q: When I spin and try to make the groin strike, sometimes I hit the attacker's leg
instead. Why?

A: This is a possibility if the attacker puts forward the leg that is on the same
side as his attacking hand. Continue with counterattacks, ensuring that are
driving forward toward his dead side, decreasing your risk of receiving strikes
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LEVEL 3
TECHNIQUE: Bearhug From Behind – Leverage On The Finger
“COMPLETE KRAV MAGA” PAGE # 198
In the event that an attacker bearhugs you from behind with your arms free and
hides his head in your back to avoid your oncoming elbows, you may have to add
another technique to your stomps, heel strikes to the shin and uppercut back
kicks to the groin. Applying leverage to the finger will help remove the attacker's
arms from around your body.

Teaching points:
• As the bearhug is applied, immediately drop your weight, making yourself
difficult to lift.
• Make elbow strikes to the face (Note: advanced students may skip the
elbow strikes if they feel the head pressed against their back. However,
under stress most people will – and probably should - throw them
automatically.)
• If your elbow strikes do not make contact, quickly strike the the bones on
the back of your attacker's hand with your knuckles to loosen his grip.
• Slide your hands down along his forearms toward his hands until you find
a finger (usually an index finger).
• Starting at the tip, peel the finger up. If you start lower on the finger, close
to the knuckle, his grip will be too strong. By beginning at the tip you only
deal with one part of the finger at a time.
• Begin peeling the finger off using either hand. However, as the finger
pries away, you should grab it with your opposite hand (i.e., if you are
attacking the left hand, grab the finger with your right. With your palm
facing away from you, the meat part of your hand should be near the base
of the finger with the thumb side of your hand near the tip of the finger.
Think of “pushing” the finger rather than “pulling” it off you.
• Your other hand should grab the attacker's hand, squeezing tightly to
compress the knuckles sideways into each other, causing pain and
isolating the finger joint.
• Jam the finger down into it's socket, then aggressively push back toward
the top of the hand, releasing the bearhug.
• Maintaining pressure on the finger, step out, pivoting on your foot.
• Maintaining pressure on the finger, kick to the groin or face.
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Commonly Asked Questions:

Q: What should I do if he hides his hands so well that I can't reach a finger?

A: Continue to fight. Strike the hands, stomp, make uppercut back kicks.
However, if he is holding strong it is unlikely that he'll be making such strong fists
that you will be unable to find a finger.

Q: My hands are small. With my other hand, can I grab his wrist instead of
grabbing his hand?

A: This is a possibility, but you should strive to grab the hand. Grabbing at the
wrist allows his hand and finger to bend more, relieving pressure on the joint.
This will cost you time, as he will not be forced to release his hold as quickly.

Q: Am I just putting pressure on the finger or am I breaking it?

A: This depends on the situation. If you are not in extremely serious danger (i.e.
a relatively harmless drunk friend grabs you at a party) or if you are in some
position of authority and considering liability issues, you may wish to aim for pain
compliance. If you are walking down an dark alley and someone grabs you, a
higher level of force may be called for.

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LEVEL 3
TECHNIQUE: Bearhug Lifting – From Behind
“COMPLETE KRAV MAGA” PAGE # 200
Teaching points:
• If you feel yourself being lifted from behind, immediately make an uppercut
kick back to the attacker's groin.
• At the same time, wrap your free leg around your attacker's same side leg,
then straighten your leg as much as possible. This limits the attacker's
ability to throw you.
• Note: although the wrap is important, DO NOT wait to make the kick until
the wrap is secure. Kick immediately upon feeling yourself lifted by the
bearhug.
• If you land a solid strike the the groin the attacker will drop you quickly.
Get your feet under you very quickly to land solidly on your feet.
• If you are dropped, turn to face the attacker and continue with
counterattacks.

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LEVEL 3
TECHNIQUE: Bearhug Lifting – From The Front
“COMPLETE KRAV MAGA” PAGE # 201
If you are lifted from the front with a Bearhug, begin immediately to counterattack
with your knees. Knees are possible because the attacker has become your
base. If you land a solid strike to the the groin the attacker will drop you quickly.
Get your feet under you very quickly to land solidly on your feet.

If the arms are free you can also attack the eyes, or use the hair or eyes to lift the
chin and make hammerstrikes to the face or throat, similar to Bearhug from the
Front with Arms Free (Leverage on the Neck).

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LEVEL 3
TECHNIQUE: Ground – Arm Bar From The Guard
“COMPLETE KRAV MAGA” PAGE # 202
In Krav Maga we prefer to get off the ground as soon as possible. Therefore, we
generally will prefer to kick out and get up, rather than grapple. However, some
locks, such as Arm Bar, are very practical to know. Not only is this technique
very effective should an attacker straighten his arm while in your guard, but with
the popularity of MMA training, this common technique is very important to
familiarize yourself with.

Teaching points:
• As the attacker in your guard attempts to escape, grab hold of his
straightened arm and pull. One common way to grab is to use your same
side hand at his elbow and your opposite hand at his wrist. You may also
do the opposite (this is common in BJJ), reaching with your opposite hand
across to catch his elbow and using the same side hand on his wrist.
• As you pull, bring your leg nearest his head up and over his head to wrap
around the front of his neck. If possible, shift your hips up so they are
perpendicular to the attacker and push your leg against his body. Keep
pulling aggressively to make sure your hips and groin get very close to his
shoulder. This causes the elbow to move above the line of your groin.
• If possible, drive the leg which is wrapped around his neck down toward
the ground, so that he ends up on his back. However, the technique can
still be performed if he remains upright, or even if he rolls and you end up
on your stomach. In any case, keep the elbow above the line of your
groin, squeeze your knees together, and drive your hips up while pulling
the attacker's wrist toward your chest. The attacker's thumb should be
pointing up, away from you, forcing the elbow joint to bend the wrong way.

Commonly Asked Questions:

Q: Every time I try the exercise, my opponent ends up pulling away. What's
wrong?

A: Once you are in position, be sure to pull the arm towards your chest while
driving your hips up. The idea is the keep the attacker as close as possible while
you shift your hips to take position. Move quickly, as smart grapplers will protect
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as soon as they see the attack develop.

Notes and Observations:

Instead of waiting for an attacker to try to escape, the trainee can also work into
position to apply an arm bar.

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LEVEL 3
TECHNIQUE: Ground – Defense v. Arm Bar From The Guard
“COMPLETE KRAV MAGA” – not in book

Variations of this defense can work whether you are on top or on the bottom in
the arm bar, but it will always be easier if you are on top.
As with any defense, you might be too late. The best defense is to prevent the
arm bar by not exposing your arm. If the attacker does make the arm bar, the
earlier you defend, the better.
This description assumes that you are in someone’s guard. For descriptive
purposes, we assume your right arm is being threatened by the arm bar.
Teaching points:
• As the attacker begins to make an arm bar, if you cannot pull your arm
out, then drive yourself forward and connect your right hand to your left
bicep. Then wrap your left hand around the attacker’s left thigh. This is
called a “padlock” position.
• Note that the padlock position will slow down the attack, but if the attacker
is experienced, he will find ways to break it open.
• If you are on top, drive your weight forward and downward to stack the
attacker, putting pressure on his spine and neck.
• Grind your elbow down and out from between his legs. Think about
grinding your elbow free, rather than your hand. Once your elbow is
outside the level of his groin, the arm bar is effectively gone.
• Slide your arm entirely free and begin to counterattack or disengage and
stand up.
• If you end up falling onto your back with the attacker’s legs over you, you
will no longer be able to stack him. You must now use momentum to free
your arm.
• Swing your feet in a pendulum motion paralle with the floor two or three
times. As your feet swing toward the attacker, spin your body violently
toward the attacker to pull your elbow below the line of his groin.
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LEVEL 3
TECHNIQUE: Ground – Guard Reversal: Scissor Sweep

“COMPLETE KRAV MAGA” not in manual

Should we find ourselves on our back with an attacker in our guard, kicking off
from the guard will be our usual go-to technique. However, should a determined
attacker prevent you from creating enough distance to kick off and get away, you
can reverse your position.

Teaching points:

• Control the attacker’s head and arm. For this description, we assume your
right arm is wrapped around the attacker’s head and your left arm has an
overhook, controlling the attacker’s right arm.
• Maintaining control of the attacker’s head and arm, shift your hips out to
the right, turning onto your left hip.
• Insert your right knee against his body so that your right shin is against his
ribs. You can put your left calf against his ribs instead; this variation works
well, but does not engage the hip as much.
• Keep your left leg low to the ground, touching his far side knee.
• “Scissor” your legs, pulling your left leg inward and driving your right leg
away. At the same time, pull his arm and head “north” toward your head.
• As he rolls over, follow him to gain top position.
• VARIATION: instead of putting your left foot on the outside of his leg, you
can put the top of your foot on top of his knee and stomp “southward.”
This will have a similar effect.

Commonly Asked Questions:

Q: I'm using a lot of muscle struggling to get him over. What should I be doing
differently?

A: Make the two leg motions simultaneous, and pull the attacker with your arms.
The pull will drag him into an area where he was no base.

Q: What if I can’t get my shin against his ribs?

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A: Hip out further. If you absolutely cannot insert your knee, pushing with your

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calf against the side of his body will also work. It is a little weaker because your
hip is not pushing from its strongest position.

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LEVEL 3
TECHNIQUE: Ground – Choke From The Side
“COMPLETE KRAV MAGA” PAGE # 206
This technique has two end options (stomping upward to the face or an armbar),
but both options begin the same.

Teaching points:
• For training purposes, assume the attacker is kneeling on your right side.
• With your right hand, create space by delivering a palm heel strike to the
attacker's sternum. The goal is to round the attacker's back with a strong
strike to the sternum. However, in a stressful situation, you may not be so
precise. Strike explosively and aim for center mass.
• Make a simultaneous pluck with your left hand.
• Immediately bring the hips up, tucking your right knee into the attacker's
chest. Cock your left foot into the air.
• As you are tucking your right knee into his chest, reach your right hand
back and grab the attacker's left hand. You have just plucked this hand
with your left, so now you have both your hands gripping his left hand.
• Shoot your left leg strongly across your attacker's neck and down. You
are both striking the neck and capturing it, driving it toward the ground.
• As you take him down, bend the knee, bringing your left foot to your
buttocks. This draws him close to you and helps you maintain control. Do
NOT release the arm! Continue to pull on the arm with both hands as you
take him down. The idea is to bring him as close as possible to your body.
• As he hits the ground, bring your right foot across his chest. His arm is
now trapped all the way up to the shoulder between the tops of your two
thighs.
• The attacker's elbow should now be above the line of your groin, the
required position for the arm bar.
• Be sure the attacker's left thumb is pointed upward. Now take his arm
across one side of your groin (in this example the right side will be easier)
and pull his hand/wrist to your chest while punching your hips upward. If
you make the motion explosively, you will break the arm.
• You may also continue with stomps and downward heel kicks to the face
and midsection.
• Get up and off the ground as soon as possible!
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Kicking

Because Krav Maga emphasizes dispatching an attacker in the simplest and

fastest way, a less complex version of the technique is available.

Teaching points:

• All initial points of the technique apply.

• Instead of taking the attacker down with your left foot, maintain control by
continuing to grab and pull the left hand and use your left foot to stomp
him in the face.
• Kick away and get off the ground as soon as possible.
• If the attacker continues to resist/attack, you make have to take him down
and make the arm bar.

Commonly Asked Questions:

Q: What happens if I miss the sternum or can't punch strongly enough to arch
his back?

A: The purpose of the strike is to create space, and you only need enough area
to wedge in your knee. Once that space is there, the strike has done it's job. If
you can't create that space by striking center mass, you may also punch to the
throat. However, if his arms are long enough, you may not be able to strike the
throat effectively.

Q: Every time I try the technique the attacker's elbow ends up lower than the line
of my groin. Why?

A: Be sure you are pulling aggressively on his arm to keep him close. You want
to feel his shoulder pressed against your buttocks. Also, as you take him down,
drive your heel back towards your butt, driving his head sideways into you.
Finally, press your thighs and knees together, helping to prevent him from pulling
the arm out.

Q: Sometimes when I attempt the technique the attacker is able to lean away
and I end up rolling backward instead of taking him down. What should I do?
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A: When the attacker struggles to release himself from your hold, this is a
possible result. If you feel that you are losing your hold on the attacker, release
and kick him. However, if you are maintaining your hold on his arm as you roll
the “wrong” way, keep that tight hold on his arm. Continue pulling it up to keep
the elbow above your groin line, and keep it trapped strongly between your
thighs. Keep the hand/wrist glued to your chest, thumb up. If you maintain the
arm bar, the technique will work from a variety of positions, including you ending
up face down on your stomach.

Notes and Observations:

Often when students attempt the takedown, they sit up, raising their upper
bodies. This releases pressure on the attacker's arm. Make sure they bring their
hips and shoulders down and punch their hips up.

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TECHNIQUE: Ground – Headlock From The Side (Position)
“COMPLETE KRAV MAGA” PAGE # 208
Once a fight has gone to the ground, this position is a very common result.
Unless the attacker is much bigger and stronger, the defender is not in as bad a
position as it appears. Though the defender can be punched or be subject to a
neck crank, a choke is unlikely.

Though there are three basic defenses for escaping the headlock, two are so
similar that we will consider them as one.

First, we will consider the basic positioning of the headlock, which will apply in in
all later discussions of the basic technique.

Teaching points:

• As the headlock comes on, tuck your chin to defend against being choked
or punched. Shift your hips so that you are on your side.
• Bring your upper hand hand (your free hand) up and brace your forearm
against your attacker's throat and jaw. Use this arm to push against his
throat/neck/head, perhaps using a sawing motion, to prevent him applying
maximum pressure and sinking in the headlock.
• Tuck your lower hand in tightly to prevent your attacker trapping it.

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TECHNIQUE: Ground – Headlock From The Side Going Forward
“COMPLETE KRAV MAGA” PAGE # 209
Teaching points:

• Reach your top leg over and hook the attacker's leg.
• Maintaining the hook on his leg, straighten your leg, pulling his.
• At the same time, push with your top arm against his throat, and drive your
top hip strongly into his, arching his back. This should also cause your
lower hip to slide out from underneath him.
• As he is forced forward, drive your shoulder downward onto his, creating
pressure on his shoulder and neck. At this point many students tend to
put their hands on the floor to hold themselves up. Do NOT do this, as it
relieves pressure on your attacker's shoulder and neck. Using your
shoulder, drive your weight into him.
• In most cases, this will relieve the headlock.
• If the attacker continues to maintain the headlock, continue to shift your
hips until you're in a crouched position, continuing to drive your weight into
your attacker, keeping him on his side underneath you. Being careful to
maintain your balance, deliver hammerfist strikes to his face.
• If he still continues to maintain the headlock, drive a palm heel strike into
his jaw line and push. Drive upward with your shoulders to stretch him
out.

NOTE: a smart attacker might defend against your technique by leaning forward
and moving his leg away to keep you from hooking with your leg. This creates a
space that you can use to your advantage.

Teaching points:
• Assuming you have failed in your attempt to hook the attacker's leg,
CONTINUE THE MOTION so that your hips shift, and draw up your knees
so that you are on your knees facing your attacker's back.
• Your lower hand should be in position to base out.
• From here, the primary danger is neutralized, but the fight is not over.
• Slip your head out of the headlock, deliver counterattacks, or even
perform Defense Against Headlock from the Side (Standing).
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TECHNIQUE: Ground – Headlock From The Side Going Back

“COMPLETE KRAV MAGA” PAGE # 211
Attackers will sometimes shift their weight back to strengthen the headlock or
prevent you taking them forward.

• Begin in the basic position. Keep your upper arm strongly against his
jaw/neck, and your lower arm tucked tightly in.
• Your attacker's weight is back. Push him backward in the direction he has
already placed himself. This will often drive him toward your hips – scoot
them away quickly! Your hips must be out of the way when he falls
backward.
• As you roll the attacker back, quickly pull yourself onto your knees. Make
sure your bottom hand, the one that isn't pushing on his neck, is ready to
base out in case he attempts to roll you.
• Deliver non-stop attacks to force him to release your head. Hammerfists,
claw at the face, knees to the back, crossface, etc.
• NOTE: another option is to pull instead of push him back. Reach around
to the other side of his head and pull him back sharply. This creates more
force but may make you more vulnerable, as your brace against his throat
has been removed.
• NOTE: to add momentum, lift your upper leg and brush it along his head
to “encourage” his backward motion. However, if he is already leaning
back this should not be necessary.

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TECHNIQUE: Ground – Headlock From The Side, Bridging

“COMPLETE KRAV MAGA” – not in book
Attackers will sometimes center their balance so it is difficult to take them forward
or backward. In this case, “bridging” can be quite useful.

• Begin in the basic position. If you decide to bridge, move your top arm
from along their jaw line to grab the upper part of their waist. Grab their
belt or the waistband of their pants. Alternatively, you can link your two
arms together.
• Wedge your bottom knee under the attacker’s hips. The farther under him
you can get, the better your position. Use your hand on his belt or
waistband to lift him slightly.
• Keeping a tight hold, buck or “bridge” your hips over to roll him over you.
You will then be on or on his side.
• Deliver non-stop attacks to force him to release your head. Hammerfists,
claw at the face, knees to the back, crossface, etc.

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TECHNIQUE: Ground – Escape From Guard (Posture/Groin Strike)

“COMPLETE KRAV MAGA” PAGE # 211
Teaching points:
• If your attacker is holding you tightly in guard, drive forward and give non-
stop attacks to his face. Use punches, hammerfists, headbutts, eye
gouges, scratches, etc. Be mindful of the potential for him to arm bar you.
Do not “give” him your arm.
• As soon as your head is free, posture up so he cannot pull you back
down. Be sure your back is straight and strong.
• Strike to the groin so that he opens his guard.
• With your hands, push outward on his knees to open his guard further and
slide back, standing up.

Commonly Asked Questions:

Q: Why not “pass the guard” as in BJJ?

A: This is possible, but less common in self defense, where the goal is usually to
get back to your feet.

Q: Why is “posturing” important?

A: If you do not posture up, the attacker might pull you back down and you will
not be able to strike the groin.

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TECHNIQUE: Groundfighting – Side Control: Top Position
“COMPLETE KRAV MAGA” PAGE # 214
Side mount is an excellent position to attain. It is often MORE stable than full
mount, since the attacker (on bottom) is less able to buck you off with his hips.

Teaching points:
• As you take side mount, drive your bottom knee (the one closest to his
hip) hip and press it tightly against his hip.
• Stretch your other leg back away so that the hip touches the floor.
• Apply your weight to his body, sinking your hips and making your chest as
heavy on his body.
• Your elbows should be on the floor and pressed tightly sideways into his
body. Your upper elbow (next to the head) drives between the head and
shoulder, deeply into the notch created by the neck.
• Glue yourself strongly to the attacker, removing any space between you –
remember space equals escape!

Alternate leg position – both knees up

• You can modify the position to allow for better striking. Slide your upper
knee (the one near the head) up so you have both knees underneath you.
Be aware that this position allows your attacker more freedom of
movement, as it releases the weight of your chest off him.
• If you choose to bring both knees up, be sure to keep the top knee
pressed tightly to him, and use your arms and hands to stop him from
shifting his hips away to create space.

Alternate arm position – wrap around head

• You can modify your arm position for better control. Wrap your north arm
around his head and under his neck. Wrap your south arm under his
outside arm and shoulder. Clasp your hands together.
• Drive your north shoulder into his jaw to push his chin away from you. This
makes it difficult for him to turn toward you to hip escape.
• This variation offers the most control, but severely limits striking
possibilities.
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Commonly Asked Questions:

Q: Is side mount better than full mount?

A: While full mount is a very dominant position, it allows the bottom person to
destabilize you by using his hips. Side mount prevents the attacker from using
the strength of his hips to his best advantage, while still allowing you to use a
range of strikes and submissions.

Q: Why would I stay in side mount? Shouldn't I just get up?

A: Your ultimate goal is to get off the ground, and away, as soon as possible.
However, to do this safely, you may need to neutralize the threat posed by the
attacker. Side mount offers an excellent position from which to do this.

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TECHNIQUE: Ground – Side Control: Strikes
“COMPLETE KRAV MAGA” PAGE # 216
In Krav Maga we prefer to strike whenever possible while in top position. The
defender is able to generate power from this position and take control of the fight,
allowing him to disengage whenever he feels the moment is right.

Teaching points:
• The main goal when learning to strike from Side Mount is to maintain the
integrity of the mount while striking. Begin by making one or two strikes,
then check your position, adding strikes as your competency grows.
• The following are practical strikes to deliver while maintaining a strong
Side Mount:
o Elbow downward to the side of the attacker's head
o Elbow downward to the face
o Knees to the head
o Knees to the body
o Headbutt (if safe – remember to strike BELOW the attacker's brow
bone)
o Bite
o Eye gouge
o Hammerfist punches
o After elbowing the face, dig deeply into the face with a “sawing”
motion of the forearm

Strike with either knee. Be aware, when striking with the lower hand, the attacker
may take that opportunity to shift his hips away from you and create distance.

Commonly Asked Questions:

Q: Should I throw clusters of strikes or one at a time?

A: It is usually a good strategy to throw “bunches of punches”. However, while

striking in side mount, consider your goal (ALWAYS consider your goal). If your
goal is to disengage, throw several strikes and quickly get up while he is dealing
with them. If your goal is to remain in side mount for the time being, throw one or
two strikes then re-establish the strength of your position.
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TECHNIQUE: Ground – Arm Lock From Full Mount
“COMPLETE KRAV MAGA” – not in book
This technique is useful to control the attacker, rather than striking. It's also a
very practical way to break his arm.

For training purposes we will assume the defender is on top in full mount, and will
attack the bottom person’s right arm.

Teaching points:
• As the bad guy (on the bottom), exposes his right arm, pin it to the ground.
You might use both arms and your body weight to do this.
• Because your weight will be somewhat committed to that side, you need
to protect your base by making a very strong hook with your other leg (in
this case, your right leg). Get that leg under the bad guy’s left leg and
push your heel toward the ceiling. This should “de-power” his ability to
buck his hips.
• Keep your right hand pinning the bad guy’s wrist to the ground using a
thumbless grip. Keep your right elbow jammed in against the side of his
head.
• Slide your left hand, palm up, under his elbow and continue sliding that
hand north to grab your own wrist. Your left arm is now locked under his
right arm.
• Be sure to maintain that hook with your right leg or you might get rolled
over!
• Keep the back of the attacker’s hand on the ground, slide his arm down
toward your hip while raising your left elbow, which in turn raises his right
elbow. This will leverage his shoulder.

Commonly Asked Questions:

Q: My partner is not feeling pressure in his shoulder when I perform the

technique. Why not?
A: The defender is probably allowing the hand to come off the floor, which
relieves the pressure. The defender must keep the back of the hand on the floor
while he slides it toward the hip and raises the elbow. It is also important that the
hand stays close to the attacker's body.
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Q: Why a thumbless grip?
A: The thumb can easily get in the way as the attacker struggles against the joint
lock, causing the thumb to be bent or twisted. A thumbless grip removes this
danger, while maintaining a tight hold.

Q: What happens if I don’t get a good hook with my right leg?

A: The bad guy will bridge and either roll you over or create space to free his
arm. This is, in fact, what we will teach as the defense.

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TECHNIQUE: Ground – Defense v. Arm Lock From Full Mount

“COMPLETE KRAV MAGA” – not in book
As with many ground techniques, there are many defenses and variations of
defenses. Because Krav Maga tries to keep a limited number of techniques, we
cannot show a variety of defense. We show one solid defense that will work
against most attackers.

For training purposes we will assume the attacker is on top in full mount. The
defender is on bottom and his right arm is being attacked.

Teaching points:
• Prevention is always best. Try not to expose your arm.
• If the attacker does manage to pin your arm to the ground, you must
bridge toward the arm that is threatened. The act of bridging will help
relieve pressure, since your hips, shoulder, and elbow will now be in line.
• If the attacker has made a hook with his opposite leg, lift your leg and
straighten it quickly, popping it outside of his hook, then put it on the floor.
• Immediately bridge toward the arm that is threatened. You can use your
free arm to help push the attacker.
• If the attacker bases out to stop from rolling over, your arm will be free.
Pull it back in to protect it from further attacks.
• If the attacker is stubborn and continues to hold your arm, continue your
bridge and roll him over.
• Once you are on top, pull your arm aggressively into your body so he
cannot continue attacking it from the bottom position.

Commonly Asked Questions:

Q: Why do I need to free my leg from the hook?

A: If you don’t, you will have trouble bridging, and the attacker will probably
succeed in making the Americana.

Q: What if I cannot roll the attacker completely over?

A: Bridging alone will relieve some pressure on your shoulder. If the attacker
releases his grip to base out, pull your arm into your body. You will still be on the
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TECHNIQUE: Ground – Arm Lock From Side Mount

“COMPLETE KRAV MAGA” PAGE # 215
This technique is useful to control the attacker, rather than striking. It's also a
very practical way to break his arm.

For training purposes we will assume the defender is on top, in side control, on
the bottom person's left side. The bottom person's right arm is outside, receiving
the lock.

Teaching points:
• If the bottom person, being side mounted, exposes his outside arm, the
defender attacks that arm with his right hand by pushing down on the wrist
using a thumbless grip.
• Keeping the back of his hand on the floor, reach underneath his upper arm
with your left hand and catch your own wrist over the top. Again, use a
thumbless grip.
• He will attempt to pivot away to relieve the pressure on his arm. Position
is key! Keep your body and knee(s) close to him, driving your weight
heavily onto him so that he cannot pivot away.
• Keeping the back of his hand glued to the ground, slide his hand toward
his hip, keeping the hand close to the body. At the same time, lift your left
elbow. This will crank his right elbow, causing extreme pressure on his
shoulder.

Commonly Asked Questions:

Q: My partner is not feeling pressure in his shoulder when I perform the

technique. Why not?
A: The defender is probably allowing the hand to come off the floor, which
relieves the pressure. The defender must keep the back of the hand on the floor
while he slides it toward the hip and raises the elbow. It is also important that the
hand stays close to the attacker's body.

Q: Why a thumbless grip?

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A: The thumb can easily get in the way as the attacker struggles against the joint

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lock, causing the thumb to be bent or twisted. A thumbless grip removes this
danger, while maintaining a tight hold.

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TECHNIQUE: Ground – Side Control To Full Mount
“COMPLETE KRAV MAGA” PAGE # 218
Though Side Mount is a position of great advantage, the defender may wish to
transition to a full mount.

Teaching points:

• Remember: space equals escape! Always keep your body pressed tightly
against your attacker's.
• To begin the transition, slide your bottom knee (the one near his hip) over
his hip and across his stomach. Maintain contact the entire time. The
idea is to “drag” the knee across the stomach by pushing the knee across.
If you lift your knee higher into the air he may slip out. If you attempt to
drag/cross the knee lower on his body you may be blocked by his knee.
• As your knee reaches the other side of his body, put your FOOT down on
the ground. Putting your knee on the ground may be uncomfortable on
the street (pavement, rocks, etc.)
• Keep your hips close to his body. Keep your weight on him.
• If he uses his knee to block your transition, push down on his knee with
your lower hand.
• Throughout the transition, stay high on his body, toward the chest, rather
than down by the hips.
• As you complete the transition, bring your other leg close in.

Commonly Asked Questions:

Q: When completing the mount must I put my foot down instead of my knee?

A: The technique works if you put your knee down first, you simply risk scraping
or hurting the knee if you put it down on a rough surface like concrete.

Q: Why would I choose to transition to full mount from side mount? Didn't you
say side mount was better?

A: Full mount is also a very powerful position. The choice is yours. Due to the
circumstances of the fight, you may feel full mount gives you more striking
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TECHNIQUE: Ground – Disengage from Side Control (Knee To Belly)

“COMPLETE KRAV MAGA” PAGE # 219
Defenders should know how to safely disengage from any position, including
Side Mount. This technique can be used to give parting blows that allow for
escape, or as a position from which to continue fighting.

Teaching points:

• From Side Control, slide your south knee (the one closest to his hip) up
onto his stomach as though transitioning to Full Mount.
• Drive the knee into his stomach, landing into his belly with a thud, and
come up onto your other foot. Sink your weight into your knee so that he
feels it, but posture up so your head is out of reach.
• Continue with strikes to neutralize and/or occupy him.
• Stand up and away quickly to avoid having your legs grabbed.

Commonly Asked Questions:

Q: Why is it important to drive my knee into his belly?

A: Driving your weight into his body makes it harder for him to move whether he
wants to pull you back down or chase you once you're up.

Q: If I put my knee into his body, doesn't that bring me close to him? I thought I
was trying to get away.
A: Yes, it does bring you closer, but the assumption is that he's still putting up a
strong fight. If he is incapacitated, you can disengage in any way you like.
However, if he is still fighting you must disengage in the safest way possible.
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TECHNIQUE: Ground – Side Control Bottom Position
“COMPLETE KRAV MAGA” – not in book
If you end up on bottom with your attacker in Side Mount, you attain a good
position to perform the technique. Remember: position before submission.

Teaching points:
• Your inside arm (the one closest to his hip) should be positioned so that
the elbow is down and the forearm is on, and ready to drive into, his hip or
leg.
• Your inside arm has the elbow in, the forearm pressed against the
attacker's throat. Be ready to use that arm to defend against elbows or
hammerfists! Keep the arm tight to you – extending it opens you up to
arm locks.
• Do NOT wrap your inside arm around your attacker's head, which isolates
the arm and allows it to be trapped.
• Though your hips may start flat on the ground, be prepared to buck or shift
them quickly outward at the first opportunity.

Commonly Asked Questions:

Q: Why shouldn't I wrap my arm around his neck? Doesn't that make things
more difficult for him?
A: While he probably cannot attack your arm immediately, he can trap it, then
move into position to attack the arm.

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TECHNIQUE: Ground – Escape from Side Control (Hip Escape)
“COMPLETE KRAV MAGA” PAGE # not in book
Being on bottom position in Side Mount is very dangerous and you must work to
escape immediately. One response is to remain on your back, putting your
attacker in guard. This technique is very similar to Elbow Escape from Full
Mount.

Teaching points:
• As the attacker achieves Side Control, block his movement by putting
your outside arm against his neck and your inside arm against his hip.
• Shift your hips out and away from your attacker and turn to face him. You
should now be on your side with some distance between your hips and his
body
• Use your inside hand against his hip to inhibit his movement against your
escape.
• Bend your bottom leg, pulling your knee up into the space you have
created.
• Slide that knee under his body. Work to continue driving the knee in
against his ribs.
• At this point, depending on context, you can either use your legs to kick
him away OR continue to half or full guard.
• If you intend to pull guard, as you first swivel toward the attacker, bring
your outside leg up and around to lie heavily on his back. This will make it
harder for him to posture up.

Commonly Asked Questions:

Q: What do you mean when you say to shift your hips away from your attacker,
but turn to face him?
A: The idea is to get your hips away from your attacker – if he can control your
hips, he has a better chance of controlling you. The movement is like a
“shrimping” motion, sliding your hips away and allowing you to get onto your side,
rather than on your back. You must make sure you face your attacker, do not
give him your back.

Q: Why does my knee get stuck when I try to pull it up?

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A: It may be one of two things: First, you may need to shift your hips farther
away from him. If there is no space for your leg to be able to slide up, it will be
impossible to do so. Second, be sure to keep your leg flat on the ground. If you
raise it up, it will bump into his body and be unable to pass under.

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TECHNIQUE: Ground – Escape from Side Control (Under Hook)
“COMPLETE KRAV MAGA” PAGE # not in book
Being on bottom position in Side Mount is very dangerous and you must work to
escape immediately. If you can react early, the regular hip escape discussed
previous is your simplest option. If the attacker’s Side Control is more
established, you might need the technique below.

Teaching points:
• With the attacker on top in Side Control, you first need to get your outside
arm into an under hook position. Buck your hips to create a little space,
and slide your outside arm down and out until it is under the attacker’s arm
pit and around his body. You will probably need to slide your arm close to
your own body in a “windshield wiper” movement.
• Your inside arm should be against his hip.
• Press your head against his body. If he rises up, hug him to keep your
head close. When your head is closer to his body, it will be harder for him
to elbow or hammerfist you
• Buck your hips explosively and “shoot” your arm up and across. These
two movements together should create more space between you and your
attacker.
• At this point, you will have one of several options, depending on how
much space you create and how well your attacker reacts:
o If he is very surprised, you should drive through him, rolling
him over so you end up on top (this is the least likely result).
o If he puts up some resistance, you might and up sideways to
him, often in a kneeling position. From here, begin striking
or, if you want to focus on position, you might be able to take
his back. Alternatively, you create a little space, you might
be able to pull guard as in the previous technique.
o If he does not move much at all, try to slide yourself down
and away, slipping out from under him.

Commonly Asked Questions:

Q: Why not use the other technique with the simple Hip Escape?
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hips away from him. This technique allows you to use your arm to help create
space.

Q: Am I more vulnerable to strikes after I get my arm to the underhook position?

A: Yes. Keep your head pressed against his body so that he cannot strike you
with power. Also, when your arm achieves the underhook position, it will be much
harder for the attacker to attack that arm with submission techniques.

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