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Sociology Lecture No 11 Population and Urbanization

Demography is the statistical study of human populations and examines the size, structure, and movements of populations over space and time. It is useful for governments and private businesses to analyze and predict social, cultural, and economic trends related to population. A population refers to all organisms of the same group or species living in a particular geographic area that can interbreed. Demography requires the statistical study of human populations and population refers to the number of people in a city, town, region, country, or world, usually determined through a census.

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72 views

Sociology Lecture No 11 Population and Urbanization

Demography is the statistical study of human populations and examines the size, structure, and movements of populations over space and time. It is useful for governments and private businesses to analyze and predict social, cultural, and economic trends related to population. A population refers to all organisms of the same group or species living in a particular geographic area that can interbreed. Demography requires the statistical study of human populations and population refers to the number of people in a city, town, region, country, or world, usually determined through a census.

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Safiullah mirza
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© © All Rights Reserved
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Population and urbanization

Demography is the statistical study of human populations. Demography examines


the size, structure and movements of populations over space and times. It is
useful for governments and private business as a means of analyzing and
predicting social, cultural and economic trends related to population.

What is population?
A population is a number of all the organisms of the same group or species who
live in a particular geographical area and are capable of interbreeding. The area of
a sexual population is the area where inter-breeding is possible between any pair
within the area and more probable than cross-breeding with individuals from
other areas.

In sociology, population refers to a collection of humans. Demography is a social


science which require the statistical study of populations.
Populations in simpler terms is the number of people in a city or town, region,
country or world. Population is usually determined by a process called census.

Key take-a-ways
1. In ordinary usage a population is a distinct group of individuals with shared
citizenship or characteristics.
2. In statistics a population is a representative sample of a larger group of
people with one or more characteristics in common.
3. The members of a sample population must be randomly selected for the
results of the study to accurately reflect the whole.
4. The U.S census is perhaps the most ambitious survey in existence given that
it requires a door-to-door canvas of the entire population rather than a
sample group study.
5. Population surveys large and small inform many if not most decisions by
government and business.
Fertility
Fertility: The incidence of childbearing in a society`s population fertility. The
incidence of childbearing in a society`s population fecundity. The potential for
childbearing fecundity. The potential for childbearing crude birth rate. The
number of live in a given year for every thousand people in a population. Crude
because it takes into account everyone not just women of childbearing age.

Mortality
The incidence of death in a population crude death rate. Crude death rate
number of deaths in a given year for every thousand people in a population.
Number of deaths in a given year for every thousand people in a population.
Infant mortality rates numbers of death among infants under one year for each
1000 live births. Number of deaths among infants under one year for each 1000
live births life expectancy. Life expectancy average life span of a countries
population.

Population Growth
Changes fertility, mortality and migration rates make up the total population
compositions, a snapshot of the demographic profile of a population. This number
can be measured for societies, nations, world regions or other groups. The
population composition includes the sex ratio, the number of men for every
hundred women, as well as the population pyramid, a picture of population
distribution by sex and age.

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