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Date:12/11/20 Due Date:12/11/20: Institute of Southern Punjab Multan Assignment Top Cover

The document is an assignment cover sheet for a student named Adnan Hameed taking an IT Security course. It provides details about the assignment such as the course code, name, teacher, and topic which is to discuss deciphering techniques. It then lists and describes 5 deciphering techniques: 1) Maximum likelihood decoding 2) Minimum distance decoding 3) Syndrome decoding 4) Viterbi decoder and 5) Partial response maximum likelihood decoding.

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42 views

Date:12/11/20 Due Date:12/11/20: Institute of Southern Punjab Multan Assignment Top Cover

The document is an assignment cover sheet for a student named Adnan Hameed taking an IT Security course. It provides details about the assignment such as the course code, name, teacher, and topic which is to discuss deciphering techniques. It then lists and describes 5 deciphering techniques: 1) Maximum likelihood decoding 2) Minimum distance decoding 3) Syndrome decoding 4) Viterbi decoder and 5) Partial response maximum likelihood decoding.

Uploaded by

adnan qazi
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as DOCX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Institute of Southern Punjab Multan

Department of Computer Science


Assignment Top Cover
Date:12/11/20
Due Date:12/11/20
Assignment Tool used: Assignment
FOR STUDENT USE
Registration No. Bsit-021R19-15
Name Adnan Hameed
Class BSIT
Section A
Semester 4th
Session Main-Spring-Regular-2019
Course Code
Course Name IT Security
Teacher Name Mam Rabea Riaz
Course Coordinator Mam Mariam
Assignment No. No 2
Discuss
Description deciphering
techniques
Extended: yes granted by: ISP LMS

Student Signature: Adnan

FOR TEACHER USE

Total Marks:
Marks: Obtained

Teacher’s Signature:
Discuss deciphering techniques
All three terms - decipher, decrypt, and decode - mean to convert ciphertext into the
original, unencrypted plaintext. Decrypt is actually a generic term, covering both the
other terms, that simply means to unscramble a message. The root prefix crypto is
from the Greek kryptos, meaning hidden or secret. All three terms - decipher, decrypt,
and decode - mean to convert ciphertext into the original, unencrypted plaintext.
Decrypt is actually a generic term, covering both the other terms, that simply means to
unscramble a message. The root prefix crypto is from the Greek kryptos, meaning
hidden or secret.

Deciphering/decoding techniques:
1. Maximum likelihood decoding: The maximum likelihood decoding algorithm
is an instance of the "marginalize a product function" problem which is solved
by applying the generalized distributive law. In this technique the system gets
the message and picks the decoding and then gives the maximum probability
that the message has been received or sent.
2. Minimum distance decoding: Minimum distance decoding is also known as
nearest neighbor decoding. It can be assisted or automated by using a standard
array. In this technique the errors are independent events means that if the error
occurs on one position then it will not affect the other positions.
3. Syndrome decoding: Syndrome decoding is a highly efficient method of
decoding a linear code over a noisy channel, i.e. one on which errors are made.
In essence, syndrome decoding is minimum distance decoding using a reduced
lookup table. This is allowed by the linearity of the code.
4. Viterbi decoder: A Viterbi decoder uses the Viterbi algorithm for decoding a
bitstream that has been encoded using forward error correction based on a
convolutional code. The Hamming distance is used as a metric for hard decision
Viterbi decoders. The squared Euclidean distance is used as a metric for soft
decision decoders.
5. Partial response maximum likelihood: Partial response maximum likelihood
(PRML) is a method for converting the weak analog signal from the head of a
magnetic disk or tape drive into a digital signal.

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