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Ali Imtiaz Bsee02183043 Section A Lab 10 Report

This document summarizes a student's work on designing a reactive power compensation mechanism for a three-phase AC system. Key aspects covered include: 1) Reactive power compensation is important for power quality and reliability. The student's work focuses on shunt compensation to alleviate reactive power demands from loads. 2) A control system was developed to inject compensating current to meet reactive power needs without overburdening the source. 3) A simulated model of the system was created including an induction motor load, static VAR compensator, and voltage/current measurements. 4) Simulation results showed the compensator improved voltage regulation and reduced harmonics compared to an uncompensated system.

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43 views

Ali Imtiaz Bsee02183043 Section A Lab 10 Report

This document summarizes a student's work on designing a reactive power compensation mechanism for a three-phase AC system. Key aspects covered include: 1) Reactive power compensation is important for power quality and reliability. The student's work focuses on shunt compensation to alleviate reactive power demands from loads. 2) A control system was developed to inject compensating current to meet reactive power needs without overburdening the source. 3) A simulated model of the system was created including an induction motor load, static VAR compensator, and voltage/current measurements. 4) Simulation results showed the compensator improved voltage regulation and reduced harmonics compared to an uncompensated system.

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Ali Imtiaz
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© © All Rights Reserved
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ALI IMTIAZ BSEE02183043 SECTION (A)

 Manual Reactive Power Compensation of three phase system.


 Reactive Power Compensation mechanism for three phase AC induction motor
 Keywords: PQ quality, Reactive power, Reactive power compensator etc.

 Introduction:
Supply of electricity plays an important role in the technological advanced world.
The quality and reliability of power supplies relates closely to the economical-growth of a
country. However, power quality disturbances such as reactive power, harmonics, voltage
imbalance etc., create a lot of problem in achieving a reliable and quality power supply. These
power quality problems are very common in the electrical distribution systems. The custom
power term was proposed to designate a new generation of power quality improvement devices
in distribution systems. It is dedicated to maintain and improve the quality and reliability of
distribution level power. Recently, power quality has been gaining focus globally as the overall
quality of life has been steadily enhancing attracting the researchers to work upon novel
application developments in the domain. Reactive power has been one of the most critical
parameter for analysis and enhancement of power quality and therefore, design of a reactive
power compensation mechanism for 3-phase AC system has been considered as the research
problem. The work presented in this thesis includes systematic literature review and critique for
the same research problem. The work has been based on shunt compensation of reactive power
induced on account of various loads in distribution system.

 The control logic is developed to produce an output current which when injected into the
ac lines and alleviates the need for the source to supply reactive current. Good
performance under system perturbations makes it an effective compensator. The best
feature of this shunt compensator is that it can operate for lagging/ leading/ unity power
factor loads and provide reactive compensation in both lead/ lag Vars.

 REACTIVE POWER COMPANSATION PRINCIPLE:

 In a linear circuit, the reactive power is defined as the ac component of the instantaneous
power, with a frequency equal to in a 50- or 60-Hz system.
 The reactive power generated by the ac power source is stored in a capacitor or a reactor
during a quarter of a cycle, and in the next quarter cycle is sent back to the power source.
 In other words, the reactive power oscillates between the ac source and the capacitor or
reactor, and also between them, at a frequency equals to two times the rated value (50 or
60 Hz).
 For this reason it can be compensated using Var generators, avoiding its circulation
between the load (inductive or capacitive) and the source, and therefore improving
voltage stability of the power system.
 Reactive power compensation can be implemented with Var generators connected in
parallel or in series.

 SYSTEM CONFIGURATION:

 The schematic diagram of static reactive power compansator for providing voltage regulation.

 A three-phase alternator of 10 kVA, 50 Hz, 415V (L-L) rating feeds power to isolated distribution
system.
 The load considered on the system represents an induction motor load.

 The induction motor output voltage and frequency are used as feedback inputs to a control
system, which consists of an excitation system.
 Distribution Static Var Compensator is modeled as a three-phase IGBT (Insulated Gate Bipolar
Transistor) bridge based VSI (voltage source inverter) with dc bus capacitor at the DC link.
Switching ripples need to be eliminated so small capacitors (Cc) have been used.

SIMULATED MODEL OF SYSTEM DESIGN


 VAR GENERATOR:
 The operation of Distribution Static Var Compensator is simple and similar to the synchronous
machine.
 It is well known that a synchronous machine can provide a lagging or leading current we are
know that voltage by controlling the field current.
 In the same manner, we can vary the DC link voltage and control it. If the magnitude of voltage
developed by Distribution Static Var Compensator is larger than the three phase voltage, then
the current shall flow from the Var Compensator to the system.
 In this case, Var Compensator acts as source of capacitive vars. In the second case, if the system
voltage is larger than the voltage at the ac terminals of Var Compensator, it behaves as an
inductor. When if both the ac voltages at the system as well as the Var Compensator are equal,
then there is no reactive power exchange between the two.

VAR COMPANSATOR

 RESULT AND DISCUSSION


Simulation result for the developed Reactive power
compensator system connected to the AC system is presented for both with and without
VAR generator system conditions.
V-I PHASE ANGLE HARMONICS

Voltages
VOLTAGE DROP CURRENT WAVEFORM

V_I PHASE ANGLE HARMONICS

voltages
 CONCLUSIONS
The application of Var generator as a compensator has been demonstrated with 3 phase
induction motor controlled with adjustable speed drive. Models have been developed for an
adjustable speed drive system feeding a 3hp induction motor. It is observed that the content of
voltage drop is quite large and because of variable speed drive 3rd and 5th harmonics is also
injected into the supply. Var generator in the form of a 3-leg VSI bridge has been modeled.
Simulation analysis of voltage current, v-i phase angle, harmonics with these nonlinear loads has
been presented without / with reactive power compensator. The solution suggested in the form of
reactive power compensator is better than a number of capacitor bank providing with manually
operate for selective compensation.

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