Unit 05: The Early Republic

Content Area: Social Studies

Standards

SOC.6.1.12.CS3 Multiple political, social, and economic factors caused American territorial expansion. The
rapid expansion and transformation of the American economy contributed to regional
tensions, social reform, political compromises, and an expansion of democratic practices.
SOC.9-12.1.1.1 Compare present and past events to evaluate the consequences of past decisions and to
apply lessons learned.
SOC.9-12.1.3.2 Evaluate sources for validity and credibility and to detect propaganda, censorship, and
bias.
SOC.6.1.12.B.2.b Evaluate the effectiveness of the Northwest Ordinance in resolving disputes over Western
lands and the expansion of slavery.
SOC.6.1.12.B.2 Geography, People, and the Environment
SOC.9-12.1.3.1 Distinguish valid arguments from false arguments when interpreting current and historical
events.
SOC.9-12.1.1.2 Analyze how change occurs through time due to shifting values and beliefs as well as
technological advancements and changes in the political and economic landscape.
SOC.9-12.1.3.3 Gather relevant information from multiple sources representing a wide range of views
(including historians and experts) while using the date, context, and corroborative value of
the sources to guide the selection.
SOC.6.1.12.B.2.a Analyze how the United States has attempted to account for regional differences while
also striving to create an American identity.

Enduring Understandings
1. As the first national administrations began to govern under the Constitution, continued debates about such
issues as the relationship between the national government and the states, economic policy, and the conduct of
foreign affairs led to the creation of political parties.

A. As national political institutions developed in the new United States, varying regionally based
positions on economic, political, social, and foreign policy issues promoted the development of political
parties.

B. Although George Washington's Farewell Address warned about the dangers of divisive political
parties and permanent foreign alliances, European conflict, and tensions with Britain and France fueled
increasingly bitter partisan deabtes throughout the 1790s.

2. The French Revolution's spread throughout Europe and beyond helped fuel Americans' debate not only
about the nature of the United States' domestic order but also about its proper role in the world.

A. The American Revolution and the ideals set forth in the Declaration of Independence had
reverberations in France, Haiti, and Latin America, inspiring future rebellions.

B. As western settlers sought free navigation of the Mississippi River, the United States forged
diplomatic initiatives to manage the conflict with Spain and to deal with the continued British presence on
the North American continent.

C. The Constitution's failure to precisely the relationship between American Indian tribes and the
national government led to problems regarding treaties and Indian legal claims relating to the seizure of
Indian lands.

Essential Questions
1. What does unity look like?

2. How did the US Constitution situate America to address the crises and challenges of the 1780s?

3. How did the development of political parties affect Americans' commitment to republican ideals?

4. What difficulties did America encounter as a result of trying to maintain trade & commerce in the open
seas?

Knowledge and Skills

Election of 1789

George Washington's First Inaugural Address

Executive Cabinet (Thomas Jefferson, Alexander Hamilton, Henry Knox, etc.)

Judiciary Act of 1789

2. How did Alexander Hamilton's Financial Plan solve and exacerbate problems in the 1790s?
First Report on the Public Credit

Report on the Manufactures

Second Report on the Public Credit

Assumption

Redemption

Excise Tax

Whiskey Rebellion

First National Bank

Dinner Table Bargain

3. How did existing divisions and political philosophies amongst American leaders contribute to the creation
of political parties?

Federalists

Democratic Republicans

Loose Construction

Elastic Clause

Strict Construction of the Constitution

10th Amendment

4. How was America’s role in the world defined by events and trends in Europe at the turn of the 19th
century?

French Revolution

Impressment

Washington's Proclamation of Neutrality

Citizen Genet

Jay's Treaty

Pinckney's Treaty

Old Northwest War

Haitian Revolution

5. What was George Washington’s goals with his Farewell Address and what events influenced his writing of
this document?

6. How did the actions of John Adams’ administration both escalate and deescalate America’s involvement in
European wars?

XYZ Affair

Charles de Talleyrand

John Marshall, Elbridge Gerry, Charles Pinckney

Quasi-War

7. According to Americans in the 1790s, what were the challenges in balancing personal liberty with national
security?

Alien & Seditions Acts

Luther Baldwin, Matthew Lyons, Benjamin Franklin Bache, etc.

Virginia & Kentucky Resolutions

8. To what extent, did the election of 1800 test the strength of the US Constitution?

"Peaceful Revolution"

Thomas Jefferson

Aaron Burr

12th Amendment

James T. Callender

9. How did Thomas Jefferson define the Democratic-Republican vision for a unified America in the 1800s?

Thomas Jefferson's First Inaugural Address

Marbury v Madison
Midnight Justices

Judicial Review

10. How did Americans attempt to protect its trade and commercial interests while avoiding military wars in
Europe?

Louisiana Purchase

Lewis & Clark Expedition

Zebulon Pike

Barbary Wars

Tripoli

Chesapeake & Leopard Affair

Embargo Act of 1807

Macon's Bill #2

11. To what extent, were Native American tribes successful at employing different strategies to address
American land encroachment?

1790 Indian Intercourse Act

Handsome Lake (Seneca Tribes)

John Ross (Cherokee Tribes)

Tecumseh's Confederacy

Tenskwatawa

Red Stick Creeks

Battle of Tippecanoe

12. What were the long-term and short-term causes of the War of 1812?

French Revolution

British Forts in

Tecumseh's War
War Hawks

Henry Clay

John C. Calhoun

Election of 1812

13. How did the War of 1812 mark the end of the conflict between Federalists and Democratic-Republicans?

Battle of New Orleans

Andrew Jackson

Hartford Convention

Treat of Ghent

Second National Bank

Transfer Goals
Students will be able to independently evaluate multiple viewpoints/opinions and understand the way in which
those partisan views can or cannot coexist in a democratic republic.

Students will be able to independently apply how the precedents set during the Early Republic developed the
direction of the United States and how early decisions can have an impact.

Resources

 Textbooks:
o The Americans by George Danzer
 Chapter 6
o By the People: A History of the United States by James W. Fraser
 Chapter 7
 Chapter 8 Sections 1-4
 Primary Source Documents
o George Washington's First Inaugural Address (1789)
o Excerpts from Alexander Hamilton and Thomas Jefferson on the First National Bank (1790s)
o George Washington's Farewell Address (1796)
o Virginia & Kentucky Resolutions (1799)
o "The Prospect Before Us. . ."Thomas A. Callendar (1800)
o Thomas Jefferson's First Inaugural Address (1801)
o Alexander Hamilton's Response to the Louisiana Purchase (1803)
o Journal Entries from the Expedition of Lewis & Clark (1800s)
o James Madison's War Message to Congress (1812)
o Resolutions from the Hartford Convention (1815)
 Video Clips
o John Adams Miniseries
o History Channel's America's First Invasion: The War of 1812

Assessments
https://docs.google.com/document/d/1Ww024LQIovOsDb84DAFuB3xhbTUxqLQTaVy65PIJJ4g/edit

Modifications
https://docs.google.com/document/d/1ODqaPP69YkcFiyG72fIT8XsUIe3K1VSG7nxuc4CpCec/edit