COLLEGE OF EDUCATION, ARTS AND SCIENCES

SEMI-FINAL EXAMINATION
ETHICS
NOVEMBER 2019
Name: _____________________________ Course and Section: ____________

General Directions
1. Use the TEST BOOKLET for your answers.
2. Use only BLACK ink.
3. Write your answers on CAPITAL LETTERS.
4. NO ERASURES, SUPERIMPOSITIONS or ALTERATIONS allowed.
5. Strictly NO FOLDING and TEARING of pages.
6. Anyone caught cheating in any form will automatically receive a grade of 5.0

I. Multiple Choices: Choose the letter of the BEST answer.

1. According to him, being happy with the end of your actions does not necessarily
mean that it is moral.

A. Immanuel Kant
B. Jeremy Bentham
C. Socrates
D. John Stuart Mill

2. It consists of the mental faculty to construct ideas and thoughts that are beyond our
immediate surroundings.

A. Sentience
B. Rationality
C. Goodwill
D. Duty

3. Deontology comes from the Greek word “Deon” which means _________?

A. Being needed
B. Being necessary
C. Being perceived
D. Being rational

4. Kant intended to developed what he calls “supreme principle of morality”. It is

supposedly supreme because by basing it in the faculty of reason, it becomes
binding for all creatures that have that faculty. Faculty here means__________?

A. Inherent mental capacity

B. Capacity to act
C. Rationality
D. Duty

5. Happiness for _________ is the only significant aim that one can aspire for.

A. Socrates
B. Plato
C. Aristotle
D. Kant
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6. Aristotle begins his discussion of ethics by showing that every act that a person does
is directed toward a particular purpose or aim, or what the Greeks called
__________.

A. Eudaimonia
B. Telos
C. Mesotes
D. Arete

7. According to Aristotle, older individuals would agree that the highest purpose and the
ultimate good of man is happiness, or for the Greeks,____________.

A. Eudaimonia
B. Telos
C. Mesotes
D. Arete

8. A theory that does not supply the rules or commands straightaway. It does not tell
you what you may not do, instead provides us the framework of the moral theory.

A. Substantive Moral Theory

B. Formal Morale Theory
C. Autonomy
D. Heteronomy

9. It is the simple legislation and imposition of a law by an external authority.

A. Autonomy
B. Heteronomy
C. Maximalism
D. Universalism

10. It means that an organism has the ability to perceive and navigate its external
environment.

A. Autonomy
B. Sentience
C. Maximalism
D. Heteronomy

11. The consequences to be considered are those of everyone affected, and everyone
equally.

A. Hedonism
B. Consequentialism
C. Maximalism
D. Universalism

12. He was a German Enlightenment Philosopher who is thought to herald the

Copernican Revolution in Philosophy,

A. Immanuel Kant
B. Aristotle
C. Plato
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D. Jeremy Bentham

13. Moral theory that evaluates actions that are done because of duty is
called__________.

A. Utilitarianism
B. Deontology
C. Virtue Ethics
D. Sentience

14. The will must give law to itself. Ergo, the will is, at the same time, the authority figure
giving the law to itself. Thus Kant describes ___________as the will that is subject to
a principle or law.

A. Autonomy
B. Heteronomy
C. Maxim
D. Duty

15. The following are significant ideas of Kantian ethics, except:

A. Human reason is central to determining moral truth.

B. Pleasure should be avoided.
C. Individual freedom and autonomy is essential.
D. Duty to be moral is also important.

16. Morality for Immanuel Kant is________________.

A. A posteriori
B. Inductive
C. Synthetic
D. A Priori

17. What can be a problem with duties in Kantian Ethics?

A. They are immoral

B. They are difficult
C. They make no sense.
D. They can conflict.

18. Which is the odd one out of these universal maxims?

A. It is wrong to kill innocent people.

B. It is wrong to tell lies.
C. It is wrong to steal.
D. It is wrong to keep promises.

19. “A person must brush his/her teeth before going to bed.” This is an example of
_________?

A. Autonomy
B. Heteronomy
C. Duty
D. Virtue

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20. In philosophical discussions about human freedom, it is the ability of person to act
based on his/her intentions and mental state.
A. Duty
B. Agency
C. Rationality
D. Reason

II. True or False: Write “B” if the statement is correct and “13” if otherwise.

1. Deontologists hold that rightness and wrongness of acts are determined by the
intrinsic quality of the act itself or the kind of act it is, not by its consequences
2. Kant rejects naturalistic utilitarian account of ethics, but says that ethics is not
contingent on anything, rather it is absolute
3. According to Deontology, each person must never be exploited, manipulated, or
merely used as a means to our idea of what is for the general good
4. According to Kant, a good will is good simply by virtue of the volition that is it is good
in itself and considered by itself to be esteemed much higher than all that can be
brought about by it in favour of any inclination.
5. Kant argues that, an action done from duty derives its moral worth, not from the
purpose which is to be attained by it, but from the maxim by which it is determined
and therefore does not depend on the realization of the object of the action, but
merely on the principle of volition by which the action has taken place without regard
to any object of desire
6. For Aristotle, virtue is something that is practiced and thereby learned, it is habit.
7. Aristotle says virtue involves finding the proper balance between two extremes,
Excess and deficiency.
8. An action has moral worth only when performed by an agent who possesses a good
will.
9. A person’s motive for acting must rest in recognition that what he or she intends is
demanded by an obligation.
10. According to categorical imperative, human beings are imperfect creatures and hence
need rules imposed upon.
11. Hypothetical Imperatives requires unconditional conformity by all rational beings,
regardless of circumstances.
12. Categorical Imperative infers that If you want to buy a house, then you must work
hard to make enough money for a down payment.
13. For Aristotle, the first general criterion in order for one to recognize the highest good
of man is that the ultimate telos of a person must be self-sufficient.

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14. According to Hypothetical Imperative, human beings are imperfect creatures and
hence need rules imposed upon.
15. According to Aristotle, the consequences of an action don’t make it right or wrong.
Rather, it is the motive of the person doing the action, and the action itself that
determines whether it is morally right.

III. Enumeration: Enumerate the following.

 Kant”s arguments in rejecting maxims (2)

 Ways by which one can attain intellectual excellence (2)
 The Greeks four cardinal virtues (4)
 Causes of being, according to Aristotle (4)
 3 Part Test of Categorical Imperatives (6)

IV. Discussion:

 Discuss why Deontology or Duty Ethics directly oppose the principles of

Utilitarianism. (12 points)

 Do you think that animals deserve the same consideration as humans? Is it

our moral responsibility to treat animals in such a way as to not cause any
pain? (10 points)

“Per Aspera Ad Astra”

(To Excellence Through Difficulties)

Prepared by:
____________________
Hyman Jay H. Blanco, RCrim, MSCJ
Faculty

Noted by: Approved by;

____________________ _________________
Dr. Elna R. Lopez Dr. Arnie D. Villena
Department Chair; Social Science Dean; CEAS

* Self contradictory
* The act and its purpose become impossible

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*Philosophic wisdom
*Practical wisdom

*Courage
*Temperance
*Justice
*Prudence

*Material
*Formal
*Efficient
*Final cause

3-Part Test:
*"Act only according to that maxim whereby you can at the same time will that it should
become a universal law without contradiction."
*"Act in such a way that you treat humanity, whether in your own person or in the person of
any other, always at the same time as an end and never merely as a means to an end”
*"Therefore, every rational being must so act as if he were through his maxim always a
legislating member in the universal kingdom of ends."

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