TRUSS ANALYSIS AND

DESIGN
ANALYSIS OF TRUSS surface of the roof, respectively. Same
applies to acting forces on truss  Weight of Sag rods, WS
I - DESIGN DATA: members, i.e., plus for tension and For sag rods and tie rods with
minus for compression. diameter of 16 mm, w = 1.5 psf =
Length of top chord, Ltc =√12 + 32 = 3.1623 m 7.3236 kg/m2
III – MATERIALS PROPERTIES WS = w x 9.81 N/kg
Roof Live Load, Lr = 0.75 KPa
WS =7.3236 kg/m2 (9.81 N/kg)
For truss members:
Spacing of top chord joints, Stc = 1/cos WS = 71.8445 N/m2 or Pa
(18.435) = 1.0541 m Material: Single angles and Gusset
plates conforming to ASTM A36  Weight of Truss (self-weight), WT
Spacing of Truss, LB = 3.5 m (maximum) Using Fuller’s formula (in psf)
Fu = 400 MPa ; Fy = 248 MPa ; W = 0.4 + 0.04 LT
Span of Truss, LT = 6 m E = 200,000 MPa LT = 6 m = 19.685 ft
W = 0.4 + 0.04 (19.685) =
IV – SOLVING FOR ROOF DEAD LOAD, D 1.1874 psf = 5.7974 kg/m2
II – DESIGN CONSIDERATIONS WT = w x 9.81 N/kg = 5.7974 (9.81)
 Weight of Roof Covering, WR
WT = 56.8725 Pa
Using Gauge no. 26 (Metal Roof
1. The trusses in this project are designed
Tiles) with w = 3.545 kg/m2
as simply supported.  Weight of Bracing System, WB
WR = w x 9.81 N/kg
2. Reactions at supports are computed In general, the weight of bracing
WR =3.545 kg/m2 (9.81N/kg)
using the Three Equations of system is assumed to be equivalent
WR =34.97265 Pa
Equilibrium since the trusses are to 1psf = 47.8959 Pa. (Theory of
 Weight of Purlins, WP
simply supported. Structures by Kassimali)
C3x4.1 - A36 steel section with w =
3. Member forces of truss are obtained WB = 47.8959 Pa
6.14 kg/m
using the Maxwell Diagram.
WP =(w x 9.81 N/kg)/LB
4. Load combinations are determined  Weight of Ceiling with Insulation,
WP = (6.14 kg/m (9.81 N/kg))/3.5
using LRFD method. Wc
m
5. Plus and minus signs signify pressure Acoustical fiber = 0.05 KPa
WP =17.2095 Pa
acting towards and away from the
Suspended steel channel system PANEL LOAD ON BOTTOM CHORD, LBC R1(6) = 4494.9822 N.m + 7491.637 N.m +
= 0.10 KPa (from table 204-2, NSCP 5993.3096 N.m + 4494.9822 N.m + 2996.6548
2010) LBC = Wc (TAHS) = 190 Pa (3.5 m^2) = 665 N.m +1498.3274 N.m
Using rigid insulation with w = N
𝟐𝟔,𝟗𝟔𝟗.𝟖𝟗𝟑𝟐 𝐍.𝐦
0.04 KPa R1 = = 4494.9822 N
DEAD LOAD: 𝟔𝐦
Wc = 50 Pa + 100 Pa + 40 Wc =
190 Pa (Upward to be positive) ∑ 𝐹𝑣 = 0

TRIBUTARY AREA OF ROOF SURFACE PER R1 + R2 = 665 N (6) + (833.3274 N)(6)

PANEL
R2 = 8989.9644 N – 4494.9822 N =
AB = Sv/cos 𝜃 = 1m/cos (18.435) =1.0541 m 4494.9822 N

TARS = AB x LB = 1.0541m (3.5m) = 3.6893 INTERNAL FORCES FOR DEAD LOADS ARE
m^2 OBTAINED USING THE MAXWELL DIAGRAM

TRIBUTARY AREA OF ROOF SURFACE

ALONG HORIZONTAL

TAHS = Sv (LB) = 1.0 m (3.5 m) = 3.5 m

Due to symmetry, R1 = R2 and is equivalent to
PANEL LOAD ON TOP CHORD, LTC half of the sum of all vertical external forces.

LTC = (WR + WP + WB + WS)( TARS) + WT (Clockwise (+)) ∑ 𝑀 𝑎𝑡 𝐺= 0

(TAHS)
R1(6) – (416.6637 + 332.5)(6) – (833.3274 +
LTC = (34.9726 + 17.2095 + 47.8959 + 665)(5) – (833.3274 + 665)(4) – (833.3274 +
665)(3) – (833.3274 + 665)(2) – (833.3274 +
71.8445) (3.6893) + (56.8725)(3.5)
665)(1) = 0
LTC = 833.3274 N
FBC C-3 9,476.2545 C FJI 7-K 8,989.9644 T
N N

FBK 2-3 2,369.0636 C FIE 7-8 1,414.1637 T

N N

FLK 2-M 11,237.518 T FEF F-8 9,476.2545 C

N N

FKC 3-4 1,414.1637 T FIF 8-9 2,369.0636 C

N N

FCD D-5 7,107.1909 C FIH 9-J 11,237.518 T

N N

FCJ 4-5 2,701.1481 C FHF 9-10 664.9407 T

N N
TRUSS MAXWELL INTERNAL NATURE
FORCES FKJ 4-L 8,989.9644 T FHG 10-I 11,237.518 T
MEMBER DIAGRAM N N

FAB B-1 11,845.318 C FJD 5-6 3,661.7068 T FFG G-10 11,845.318 C

N N N

FAL 1-N 11,237.518 T FDE E-6 7,107.1909 C V - ROOF LIVE LOAD, LR

N N
LR = Lr x Sv x LB = 750 Pa (1.0 m) (3.50 m)
FLB 1-2 664.9407 T FJE 6-7 2,701.1481 C = 2625 N
N N
LR = 2625 N (for live load at interior joints)
LR = 1312.5 N (for live load at end joints)
FBK 2-3 4,150.1464 C
N

FLK 2-I 19,687.5 N T

FKC 3-4 1,312.5 N T

FCD D-5 12,451.5176 C

N

FCJ 4-5 4,732.2860 C

N

FKJ 4-I 15,750 N T

FJD 5-6 5,250 N T

Due to symmetry, R1 = R2 and is equivalent to TRUSS MAXWEL INTERNAL NATUR
half the sum of all live loads, that is: L FORCES E FDE E-6 12,451.5176 C
MEMBER N
[(𝟏𝟑𝟏𝟐.𝟓(𝟐)) +(𝟐𝟔𝟐𝟓(𝟓))] DIAGRAM
R1 = R2 = = 7875 N
𝟐 FJE 6-7 4,732.2860 C
FAB B-1 20,752.4471 C N
*Internal forces of truss members of roof live N
load are computed using Maxwell Diagram
FJI 7-I 15,750 N T
FAL 1-I 19,687.5 N T
FIE 7-8 1,312.5 N T
FLB 1-2 0 ---
FEF F-8 16,601.9577 C
FBC C-3 16,601.9577 C N
N
P3 = PLW x TRS (Clockwise (+)) ∑ 𝑀 𝑎𝑡 𝐴= 0
FIF 8-9 4,150.1464 C
N P3 = -540.30 Pa (3.6893 m^2) R2 (5.6921) = 2920.081(1.0541) +
2920.081(2.1082) + 1460.0405(3.1623)
FIH 9-I 19,687.5 N T P3 = - 1993.3288 N
R2 = 13851.25822/5.6921 = 2433.4179 N
FHF 9-10 0 --- P4 = -1993.3288/2 = 996.664 N
*Internal forces of truss members of
FHG 10-I 19,687.5 N T For WINDWARD: WINDWARD load are computed using Maxwell
Diagram.
FFG G-10 20,752.4471 C
N

VI – ROOF WIND LOAD

For Windward, Pww = - 791.50 Pa

For Leeward, PLW = - 540.30 Pa

Solving for wind load, P

WINDWARD:

P1 = Pww x TRS ; (Clockwise (+)) ∑ 𝑀 𝑎𝑡 𝐺= 0

P1 = - 791.50 Pa (3.6893 m^2) R1 (5.6921) = 1460.0405(5.6921) +

(2920.081)(4.638) + (2920.081)(3.5839) +
P1 = - 2920.081 N (1460.0405)(2.5298)

P2 = - 2920.081/2 = - 1460.0405 N R1 = 36012.921/5.6921

LEEWARD: R1 = 6326.8251 N
N
TRUSS MAXWEL INTERNAL NATUR FKJ 4-F 10,773.105 T
L FORCES E 4N FOR LEEWARD:
MEMBE
R DIAGRAM FJD 5-6 3,078.0553 T
N
FAB B-1 14,600.353 C
8N FDE E-6 7,300.2537 C
N
FAL 1-F 15,390.144 T
0N FJE 6-7 0 ---

FLB 1-2 0 --- FJI 7-F 6,156.1342 T

N
FBC C-3 10,706.912 C
5N FIE 7-8 0 ---
(Clockwise (+)) ∑ 𝑀 𝑎𝑡 𝐺= 0
FBK 2-3 4,866.7242 C FEF E-8 7,300.2537 C
N N R1 (5.6921) = 996.6644(3.1623) +
(1993.3288)(2.1082) + (1993.3288)(1.0541)
FLK 2-F 15,390.144 T FIF 8-9 0 ---
0N R1 = 9456.96309/5.6921 = R1 = 1661.4190
FIH 9-F 6,156.1342 T N
FKC 3-4 1,538.9261 T N
(Clockwise (+)) ∑ 𝑀 𝑎𝑡 𝐴= 0
N
FHF 9-10 0 ---
R2 (5.6921) = 996.6644(2.5298) +
FCD D-5 6,813.4711 C
FHG 10-F 6,156.1342 T 1993.3288(3.5839) + 1993.3288(4.638) +
N
N 996.6644(5.6921)
FCJ 4-5 5,549.0077 C
FFG E-10 7,300.2537 C R2 = 24583.42509/5.6921 = 4318.5674 N
N
*Internal forces of truss members of N
LEEWARD load are computed using Maxwell FJI 7-F 7,352.9706 T
Diagram. FLB 1-2 0 --- N

FBC A-3 4,990.0049 C FIE 7-8 1,050.6181 T

N N

FBK 2-3 0 --- FEF C-8 7,300.3792 C

N
FLK 4-F 4,201.1883 T
N FIF 8-9 3,322.1486 C
N
FKC 3-4 0 ---
FIH 9-F 10,504.637 T
FCD A-5 4,990.0049 C 5N
N
FHF 9-10 0 ---
FCJ 4-5 0 ---
FHG 10-F 10,504.637 T
FKJ 4-F 4,201.1883 T 5N
N
FFG D-10 9,944.3311 C
TRUSS MAXWEL INTERNAL NATUR FJD 5-6 2,101.1095 T N
L FORCES E N
MEMBE DESIGN OF TRUSS MEMBERS
R DIAGRAM FDE B-6 4,653.7850 C
N Using LRFD (∅ = 0.90)
FAB A-1 4,990.0049 C
N FJE 6-7 3,787.8423 C For COMPRESSION MEMBERS
N
FAL 1-F 4,201.1883 T
Assuming rotation fixed and translation fixed, Fe =
𝝅𝟐 𝑬 For BOTTOM CHORD MEMBERS:
𝑲𝑳 𝟐
Recommended design coefficient, k=0.65 ( )
𝒓
Pu = 31656.40424 N
The nominal compressive strength, Pn of For TENSION MEMBERS
single angle members shall be determined in DESIGN OF COMPRESSION MEMBERS
accordance with section 505.3 or 505.7, as The design tensile strength, ∅Pn of tension
members, shall be the lower value obtained @TOP CHORD:
appropriate, for axially loaded members.
according to the limit states of tensile yielding
Pu = -33,622.62936 N
Pn = Fcr Ag (equation 505.3-1) in the gross section and tensile rupture in the
net section. L = 1.0541 m
The flexural buckling stress, Fcr is determined
as follows: 1. For tensile yielding in the gross section: Try: L40 x 40 x 3
Pn = Fy Ag (504.2-1)
1. When
kL
≤ 4.71 √Fy
E
Pu = ∅𝑷𝒏 (∅ = 0.90) Properties:
r

or (Fe ≥ 0.44 Fy) MAXIMUM ACTUAL COMPRESSIVE AND A36 Steel with Fy = 248 MPa;
TENSILE LOAD (As obtained from LRFD load
𝐅𝐲
𝐅𝐜𝐫 = [𝟎. 𝟔𝟓𝟖𝐅𝐞 ]𝐅𝐲 (eq. 505.3-2) combinations) E = 200,000 MPa; Ag = 235 mm2 ;

kL E For TOP CHORD MEMBERS: rx = 12.11 mm

2. When > 4.71 √Fy
r

or (Fe < 0.44 Fy) Pu = -33622.62936 N

0.65 (1.0541)(1000)
KL/r = 12.11 𝑚𝑚
Fcr = 0.877 Fe (eq. 505.3-3) For DIAGONAL MEMBERS: KL/r = 56.578

Where: Fe = elastic critical buckling stress Pu = -7782.76148 N

E 200,000 MPa
determined according to eq. 505.3-4, sec. 4.71√Fy = 4.71 √ = 133.755
For VERTICAL MEMBERS: 248 MPa
505.4, or the provisions of sec. 503.2, as
applicable, MPa. Pu = 8650.71792 N E
KL/r < 4.71√Fy (condition 1)
rx = 5.90 mm @VERTICAL:
Fy
Fcr = [0.658 ]Fy Fe 0.65 (1.2019)(1000)
KL/r = Pu = 8,650.71792 N
5.90 𝑚𝑚
𝝅𝟐 𝑬 𝝅𝟐 (𝟐𝟎𝟎,𝟎𝟎𝟎𝑴𝑷𝒂) KL/r = 132.413
Fe = 𝑲𝑳 𝟐
= (𝟓𝟔.𝟓𝟕𝟖)𝟐
= 616.644 Try: L20 x 20 x 3
( )
𝒓

248
E
4.71√Fy = 4.71 √
200,000 MPa
= 133.755 Properties:
Fcr = [0.658 616.644 ] (248 MPa) = 209.578 248 MPa
A36 Steel with Fy = 248 MPa;
E = 200,000 MPa; Ag = 112 mm2
Pn = Fcr Ag = 209.578 (235) = 49,250.83 KL/r < 4.71√Fy
E
(condition 1)

∅Pn = 0.90 (49,250.83 N) Pn = Fy Ag = 248 MPa (112)

Fy Pn = 27,776 N
Fcr = [0.658 ]Fy Fe
∅Pn = 44,325.747 N > Pu ∴ OK!
𝝅𝟐 𝑬 𝝅𝟐 (𝟐𝟎𝟎,𝟎𝟎𝟎𝑴𝑷𝒂)
∅Pn = 0.90 (27,776 N)
Fe = 𝑲𝑳 𝟐
= (𝟏𝟑𝟐.𝟒𝟏𝟑)𝟐
= 112.582
Use L40x40x3 for TOP CHORD (
𝒓
)
∅Pn =24,998.4 N > Pu ∴ OK!
248
MEMBERS Fcr = [0.658 112.582 ] (248 MPa) = 98.635
Use L20x20x3 for VERTICAL
@DIAGONAL: Pn = Fcr Ag = 98.635 (112) = 11,047.12 MEMBERS

Pu = - 7,782.6148 N ∅Pn = 0.90 (11,047.12 N)

L = 1.2019 m
Try: L20 x 20 x 3 ∅Pn =9,942.408 N > Pu ∴ OK! @BOTTOM CHORD:
Pu = 31,656.40424 N
Properties: Try: L30 x 30 x 3
Use L20x20x3 for DIAGONAL
A36 Steel with Fy = 248 MPa; MEMBERS
Properties:
E = 200,000 MPa; Ag = 112 mm2 ; A36 Steel with Fy = 248 MPa;
DESIGN OF TENSION MEMBERS
E = 200,000 MPa; Ag = 174 mm2 ∅Pn = 0.90 (43,152 N)
Use L30x30x3 for BOTTOM CHORD
Pn = Fy Ag = 248 MPa (174) ∅Pn = 38,836.8 N > Pu ∴ OK! MEMBERS
Pn = 43,152 N
DESIGN SUMMARY OF COMPRESSION AND TENSION MEMBERS

PART OF TRUSS MEMBER LENGTH (m) BAR FORCE (N) STEEL

TOP CHORD AB 1.0541 -31,746.010 L40x40x3

TOP CHORD BC 1.0541 -25,377.104 L40x40x3

TOP CHORD CD 1.0541 -19,008.276 L40x40x3

TOP CHORD DE 1.0541 -18,997.826 L40x40x3

TOP CHORD EF 1.0541 -26,254.131 L40x40x3

TOP CHORD FG 1.0541 -33,254.629 L40x40x3

DIAGONAL BK 1.0541 -5,589.731 L20x20x3

DIAGONAL CJ 1.2019 -6,373.829 L20x20x3

DIAGONAL JE 1.2019 -7,782.761 L20x20x3

DIAGONAL IF 1.0541 -6,825.392 L20x20x3

VERTICAL BL 0.3333 930.917 L20x20x3

VERTICAL CK 0.6667 2,565.856 L20x20x3

VERTICAL DJ 1.00 8,650.718 L20x20x3

VERTICAL EI 0.6667 2,956.502 L20x20x3

VERTICAL FH 0.3333 930.917 L20x20x3

BOTTOM CHORD AL 1.0 29,311.956 L30x30x3

BOTTOM CHORD LK 1.0 29,311.956 L30x30x3

BOTTOM CHORD KJ 1.0 24,008.522 L30x30x3

BOTTOM CHORD JI 1.0 25,180.674 L30x30x3

BOTTOM CHORD IH 1.0 31,656.404 L30x30x3

BOTTOM CHORD HG 1.0 31,656.404 L30x30x3

510. DESIGN OF CONNECTION OF TRUSS Strength of Elements in Shear Fv = 0.3Fu = 0.3(400) = 120 MPa
MEMBERS A. Based on shear yielding on base
metal: C. Based on tensile rupture on weld
Design Strength of Fillet Weld For ∅Pn = ∅(0.6) Fy Ag (510.4-3) metal:
Where: ∅ = 1.00 (LRFD)
The design strength, ∅Rn of welded joints is For ∅Pn = ∅(0.6) FEXX Ae
Fv = 0.4Fy = 0.4(248) = 99.2MPa
the lower value of the base material strength
B. Based on shear rupture on base
determined according to the limit states of Where: ∅ = 0.75 (LRFD)
metal:
shear yielding and rupture, and the weld metal
For ∅Pn = ∅(0.6) Fu Ae (510.4-4) Fv = 0.3FEXX = 0.3(415) = 124.5MPa
strength determined according to the limit
Where: ∅ = 0.75 (LRFD)
state of rupture.
∴ Allowable shear based on shear capacity B. Maximum weld size based on weld
is controlled by yielding on base metal. metal: try 5mm-thick gusset plate: w =
5mm

∴ for equal-leg fillet weld, use w = 4.76mm

(largest size that can be made in single pass).

Required Weld Length, L

Since base metal controls with Fv = 99.2 MPa

Pu = LwFv
𝑃𝑢 33622.6294 𝑁
L = 𝑤(𝐹𝑣) = (4.76𝑚𝑚)(99.2 𝑀𝑃𝑎)
L = 71.2054mm
CONNECTION OF TOP CHORD MEMBERS
For Balanced Condition,
Pu = 33,622.6294 N
L1Y1 = L2Y2
Design data: L1 (10.73mm) = L2 (40 – 10.73)
NOTE: As obtained from the LRFD FEXX = 415 MPa (Electrode classification L1 (10.73) – L2 (29.27) = 0, eq. 1
Load Combinations, regardless of number, E60xx)
nature, maximum bar force shall L40x40x3 L1 + L2 = L
be used in the design of t= 3mm L1 + L2 = 71.2054, eq. 2
connection in each member. Y1 = 10.73 mm
Solving simultaneously,
Size of weld, w: L1 = 52.1045 say 55 mm
A. Maximum weld size based on base L2 = 19.1008 say 20 mm
metal: t = 3mm < 6mm
Use w = 3 mm Checking block shear strength,
Y1 = 8.35 mm
Pn = 0.6FuAnv + UbsFuAnt ≤ 0.6FyAgv + Solving simultaneously,
UbsFuAnt (eq. 510.4-5) Size of weld, w: L1 = 48.382 say 50 mm
A. Maximum weld size based on base L2 = 18.659 say 20 mm
∅Pn > Pu metal: t = 3mm < 6mm
Where: Use w = 3 mm
∅ = 0.75 B. Maximum weld size based on weld
Agv = gross area subject to shear, mm2 metal: try 5mm-thick gusset plate: w =
Ant = net area subject to tension, mm2 5mm
Anv = net area subject to shear, mm2
Ubs = 1.0, where the tension stress is uniform ∴ for equal-leg fillet weld, use w = 4.76mm
(largest size that can be made in single pass).
Pn = 0.6 (400)(71.2054)(3) + 1.0(400)(40)(3)
Pn = 99,267.888 Required Weld Length, L
∅Pn = 0.75(99,267.888) Since base metal controls with Fv = 99.2 MPa
= 74,450.916 > Pu=33,622.6294 N
Pu = LwFv
∴ The weld metal is safe against block shear! 𝑃𝑢 31656.404 𝑁 Checking block shear strength,
L = 𝑤(𝐹𝑣) = (4.76𝑚𝑚)(99.2 𝑀𝑃𝑎)
L = 67.0414mm Pn = 0.6FuAnv + UbsFuAnt ≤ 0.6FyAgv +
CONNECTION OF BOTTOM CHORD
MEMBERS UbsFuAnt (eq. 510.4-5)
For Balanced Condition,

Pu = 31,656.404 N ∅Pn > Pu

L1Y1 = L2Y2 Where:
L1 (8.35mm) = L2 (30 – 8.35) ∅ = 0.75
Design data:
L1 (8.35) – L2 (21.65) = 0, eq. 1 Agv = gross area subject to shear, mm2
FEXX = 415 MPa (Electrode classification
number, E60xx) Ant = net area subject to tension, mm2
L1 + L2 = L Anv = net area subject to shear, mm2
L30x30x3
L1 + L2 = 67.0414mm, eq. 2 Ubs = 1.0, where the tension stress is uniform
t= 3mm
∅ = 0.75
Pn = 0.6 (400)(67.0414)(3) + 1.0(400)(30)(3) Required Weld Length, L Agv = gross area subject to shear, mm2
Pn = 84,269.808 Since base metal controls with Fv = 99.2 MPa Ant = net area subject to tension, mm2
∅Pn = 0.75(84,269.808) Anv = net area subject to shear, mm2
= 63,202.356 > Pu=31656.404 N Pu = LwFv Ubs = 1.0, where the tension stress is uniform
𝑃𝑢 7782.76148 𝑁
L = 𝑤(𝐹𝑣) = (4.76𝑚𝑚)(99.2 𝑀𝑃𝑎)
∴ The weld metal is safe against block shear! Pn = 0.6 (400)(16.4822)(3) + 1.0(400)(20)(3)
L = 16.4822mm
Pn = 35,867.184 N
CONNECTION OF DIAGONAL MEMBERS ∅Pn = 0.75(35,867.184)
For Balanced Condition,
= 26,900.388 > Pu=7782.76148 N
Pu = 7782.76148 N
L1Y1 = L2Y2
∴ The weld metal is safe against block shear!
L1 (5.98mm) = L2 (20 – 5.98)
Design data:
L1 (5.98) – L2 (14.02) = 0, eq. 1
FEXX = 415 MPa (Electrode classification CONNECTION OF DIAGONAL MEMBERS
number, E60xx)
L1 + L2 = L
L20x20x3 Pu = 8650.71792 N
L1 + L2 = 16.4822mm, eq. 2
t= 3mm
Y1 = 5.98 mm Design data:
Solving simultaneously,
FEXX = 415 MPa (Electrode classification
L1 = 11.5540 say 15 mm
Size of weld, w: number, E60xx)
L2 = 4.928 say 5 mm
A. Maximum weld size based on base L20x20x3
metal: t = 3mm < 6mm t= 3mm
Checking block shear strength,
Use w = 3 mm Y1 = 5.98 mm
B. Maximum weld size based on weld
Pn = 0.6FuAnv + UbsFuAnt ≤ 0.6FyAgv +
metal: try 5mm-thick gusset plate: w = Size of weld, w:
UbsFuAnt (eq. 510.4-5)
5mm A. Maximum weld size based on base
metal: t = 3mm < 6mm
∅Pn > Pu
∴ for equal-leg fillet weld, use w = 4.76mm Use w = 3 mm
Where:
(largest size that can be made in single pass).
B. Maximum weld size based on weld
metal: try 5mm-thick gusset plate: w = Pn = 0.6FuAnv + UbsFuAnt ≤ 0.6FyAgv +
5mm UbsFuAnt (eq. 510.4-5)

∴ for equal-leg fillet weld, use w = 4.76mm ∅Pn > Pu

(largest size that can be made in single pass). Where:
∅ = 0.75
Required Weld Length, L Agv = gross area subject to shear, mm2
Since base metal controls with Fv = 99.2 MPa Ant = net area subject to tension, mm2
Anv = net area subject to shear, mm2
Pu = LwFv Ubs = 1.0, where the tension stress is uniform
𝑃𝑢 8650.71792 𝑁
L = 𝑤(𝐹𝑣) = (4.76𝑚𝑚)(99.2 𝑀𝑃𝑎)
Pn = 0.6 (400)(18.3203)(3) + 1.0(400)(20)(3)
L = 18.3203mm
Pn = 37,190.616 N
∅Pn = 0.75(37,190.616)
For Balanced Condition,
= 27,892.962 > Pu=8650.71792 N

L1Y1 = L2Y2
∴ The weld metal is safe against block shear!
L1 (5.98mm) = L2 (20 – 5.98)
L1 (5.98) – L2 (14.02) = 0, eq. 1

L1 + L2 = L
L1 + L2 = 18.3203mm, eq. 2

Solving simultaneously,
L1 = 12.8425 say 15 mm
L2 = 5.4777 say 10 mm

Checking block shear strength,