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The Concise Townscape by Gordon Cullen

This book pioneered the concept of townscape. 'Townscape' is the art of giving visual coherence and organization to the jumble of buildings, streets, and space that make up the urban environment. It has been a major influence on architects, planners and others concerned with what cities should look like.

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The Concise Townscape by Gordon Cullen

This book pioneered the concept of townscape. 'Townscape' is the art of giving visual coherence and organization to the jumble of buildings, streets, and space that make up the urban environment. It has been a major influence on architects, planners and others concerned with what cities should look like.

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Rmo Diego
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The Concise TOWNSCAPE “Towancap” i the at of giving visual eoberence and exgaiation 10 te jumble of bung, sacs ard paces tht makeup the ras caviroamea. Is conceps were fs! devehoed by Gordan Callen ie The Ardecarl Rees snd rere ar eased he book TOWNSCAPE ((S01) whch sun essed self as 1 maior infieac on atc, planners a thers concered wh wht ces shuld Ick es terest, however best Deen the ees sphere. Some may see ian impor contanow to a and archi tec ity ne, rte eet expo the fat hacen teal efecsn the roping ef binge were ated on ite dein, if en spersncos, eth penile ers may Rd tat i weahet thet apps, a nother bo ha done, what i tat makes « tow Swot” architec. A rd roup mary want 0 dy for Cille's pe deenngs of cy senery — aaa which he the scloonledged aster. The finan of his book is endless for anene ‘no ha ny hn of vial ese Tn his shored vein the sis of pec omns hae bee et out nde Coen has contd a new frevord and cet wah et his eas the core the senses SESS eS HBP HY Architectural Press IiGordon Cullen The Concise TOWNSCAPconTENtsACKNOWLEDGEMENTS te, yells tpl 1p Sal exe lop LA 4296 bate ma esas tk papa tc Wnt oe Lae Fe [Wa ag are 2 nem psd ec i by S33 thoy eqioeom stm i Pg ee enacted oe, {Sieg oo tem a erin rte yo oe eh tae 18 mp RATS ye oes eee eal rms ce Joke MAS ue Sec icin ten res ‘yr ep 17,17 8 cr eg lan Nae pases 34 Bo, 35 9 MD, 7 HS Ste i ol fom tr pe eee es Sf Sie pe fo WT eee ake tate * e i Bc Hep lt Hain Hoang page bans ay Hobe On & Ca pa Se Hes en De amet = infor os Sy tet wp Cs Outs pe poh lente os Be Lae Speng csp be nAbh opened un ser Londo by Ee Sn INTRODUCTION ‘There ate advatages 1 be gained from the ering together of people vo leem a own A single fm Heng ste country cam sare) hope to drop ita theatre, pave ame et ot browse fa bar, heres ‘he same fray Uving in toa can enoy these amenities. The He tency tt one fal can ands multiplied by tousends and 20 Cellectire emesty i made penile, A cy is rte tha the ura oes ‘Shabitste Ir ae the powe to genzste«rurpbs of emeniy, wach i tmz eaten why people hc o Leet communities rite than itlton "Now ura tthe sual impact which a iy has on those who Ee lc or vst KT wish w sbow tat an argument pazll tothe oe put feral abore hols pod fr baliags: Leg pope egctcr and they crate # callie rps of enjoyment: bnag baling tot and collect hy can gt vcd pleas thick tome con gre pantie. ‘One talsing standing slne inthe cumninyide fe experienced 98 4 ‘work of architerure, Ou bring hala dozen Bulg tgeter and an IMC oder than architecture is mate posible, Several tgs begin © Lappenin the group which wonld be impossible for the elite bulcing. UWelmay wel trough and part the balding, and aes corner i turned a unsuspected balding it satdely ewaled. We may be sorpied ‘fen sstonished (2 reaction generated bythe compostion ofthe Eup ‘nd oe bythe indian balding. Again, sappove thc the bukings have been pat toeter ins group 20 tht cn a ge imide the group, shan the epce created between the binge inscc to ave a feof 2 town ovr ad sbove the bags which cree it sad onc reaction i ‘say Tam inside 12" or Tam enteneg 11” Noee also that in this group of hal dozen builangs thre may be one which trough reson of Tasca does noe conten 1c may be a bank, 3 temple o 4 church song usc, Suppose tht we are jt oka ete temple by ital it would standin fot of ws and all its quilts, Sac, colour tnd in tmcacy, woald be csdert, But pot the temple back emongst the sal «he eampatson between the tno seks, Isic of being a big templet rowers, The difrcacein casing betneeaLigaes and tower the rennet the rltonship. In fat there an at of rlationip sta thereon at of ach vestre Hs purpose & 10 ake al the ements that go t9 crete thecavceument building, ts) sere wate, rf adectiements and toon and te wetve them together insuch away that drama beled, Fara city a dramatic event inthe eniroment. Leak tthe reser nati pet ino mings os work demngrpersncningte,enances, tealic experts all eo-operatig to Tom te tid cos ito a work. 2, valle and bealhy organization Te i tebesous haan undet= tana ‘And yet «fa the ead of ell the iy appears dl uninterting and wll then tino ailing el Te ba cd. The fis has ben Id bundy has pot «meth toi ir we have to oases cf the thought thatthe excitement sand cara that we soak can be born automate cut cf te seers Ir of ibe bran). We nacualy sucept these volaony, but ae mak catirely bound by tea, in act we Cnc be cat bow by mn breast the sintc solutions Kav onthe Ket that can be made of the arage of cwenge of Inman bclriowy ererages of wet, Facsor of afty an! soon. And there aergee do ot ve an inerable realtor any price probe. Tey ar e9 tse, wandering te tehich may synemenize or ata ely, may cmc with each eter. ‘he epsoe i that town coud tle one of sereral patent opcate with succes, oqul sueces, Hee then we discover plailxy in the sintic soho and iti precisely in the monpulation of hs ‘lability tat thee of rains to made povible, As wb seny the $n je ot to diate the shape oft tonn or envionment, Batt treet one! imply to monte en he oer, The mane thi we cam get further hep from the sie aed and that we mast therfore tra to ofr waaes and hee standards ‘We turn w the feel of sig fort almost eae ehh vison tat the eairoamene is apprehcaded. If smecoe hnocks a Jour dose tnd you open itt lat i i it ores pens tha a gust of wind ‘ames into, eweepng round the oom, blowing the cain aad mang # preat fas. Vase somewhst the tame; we often gt mote than we Durnin for. Glee at te cece tosse the time snd yee the wal the pls and he ccte apie pointers, Cezanne ht hae made & puting eft In fat of coms, won is aot oly wel Eat vas fur memories and experiences, thove responsive emotions inside at Iwhich bave the power to distur the mind Wien arouse. It this un Tooker surplus that we are dealing wth for cel if the environs is ging to produce en cmotial roo, wth o without our vlin,it it Gp to wo ty to undentnd the thee wage in which tis bape, 1 Conceming OvTics. Let suppose that we are walking through 2 tom: here is stright ris off whic sa courant the frie of which ancther suet leads out and bends alghly before reaching 2 monument. Not very dase, We take eis path and our Et view is Gat of ta src Upon tering into te courtyard the now view is revealed imtantancoaly atthe pot of trang, and ths View remains tra os whist we walk arom te courtyard, Leaving the courjcd re ‘oer to farther sot Again spew view is taddeny eval abou sre as teveling at 8 anor spend nally atthe oa bere the ‘Bonument swings i View. The ignicance eal ths that hough ‘the posestan was through hen at uniform spec, the scenery of towns fee seveabd in sees of ess ot revauons. Tis we cll Traine whet this ears, Our criginl aim is manipulate che ements of the town so at an impact ox the motions i achive ‘Nong stmighe sad hae Ke mpece becauve the iil view i soa ‘ignted and bocmes monotonnat ‘The human rid et 1 com tas, 10 the eteence Bere things, and when tO picture (the eet fn the courtyard) ae inti mind atthe same ime, a va conan fst and ie wan becomes vile ina deeper sense. Ie ceraes alive ‘Brough the drama of jastapoion. Unles Us Iuppens the towa wil Sp pec foment en er "Ther iso forbes obeeration to be made concerning Serial Viton, Athoagh rom scenic oremaanercal per few the tw maybe 2 omnis from oat opieal tewppine we hve at vo two elements the ein rw ae the oepng cies. Hn the normal Way Ta 8 38 accidental cain of eer and nhuteve sinicance may ai cut ofthe Liking of vows wil be foreioas, Suppose, however that we sake over ths Taking esa branch of teat of eationships thea we ae finding & tool with wich human inpnetic can beg to mould the cy into = chert drama. The proces of oanpulition hr tegun to tum the ‘Bin tae sno att emotional sittin. 2 Concerning PLACE This second point is concerned with oar sctane athe pcm fart imiencienmene Tai icae le ‘Sic appeas to be. Ima, for tance, a hea You gos aD ou ter wo youre the uespoken words ‘Lam ouside 171 am eacering 1, Tams theme of" Aris evel of enssoasess wears del ‘witha range of experince stemming from the mio impact of exposure sx! caclowure (whic i tan to tele mori caremes rst thesymptoms of agoraphobia and cassrophoba). Place aman on the eee fa goo lian he wil ea very lvly sas of postion, pe him fe the cad fa deep cave and he wil tact tothe fact of encore Since it isan eetnsSire and continous babi of the body to mete inal t the environment, ths tense of positon canant Be gov becomes a facto inthe desig the eneronment (us as an aioal sour of light aust be eekoned with by a plawogeapher, however moving it ay be). T would go Farther and say that st should be cxplte, Hee i an seample, Suppose yo ae visting one of the Bll tas in te south of Panse. You lms laborious up the winding ren ind venwaly fi youre in ny vlage sect 2 the surat. You fel {hint and go toa needy esarant, Yous dik s served to you ona ‘esc end ae fou go out ti you Sind t your exlaraion whore {hat the veranda i sntlevred out over a thousand foe drop. By hi ‘vice of the containment (set) and th revlon (cance) #he ther of heights dramstiond and ace real, Ta wan we do not cena fave sucha draatc sition muni plate ba the principle ll beds yoo. There er nntanc, «piel ‘Snotonal reaction wo being below the geacal round evel and there i fnotber resung from being above ‘Ther i a oacton to being Iremmed in ain a tanel ad anner to the widenes of the equa. ‘therefore, we desig cur towns fom the pot of ew of the moving perscn (pedstan 0 ca-bore) Ib caw Se How the whole city {esomoa plats experience, journey thragh presures and vacuam>, ssequsace of exporars and encowures, of constant snd wb ‘Ang out of threes of donity oe sympathy with te emer ment ts feling of + person im stect ce square tat hei i IT OF ‘tering Ir or lesvng 17, we cscover that no sooner do te postulate a THERE tan sutomatially we mut crate a THEBE for you cannot ave ne without the other. Some of the gst towncape effects a (ested by 4 sk relationship bereeen the two, and Till pace 35 ‘eample in India, where th nreduction ebing writen: the apprcach from the Central Vista to the Reshrsparhi Bhawan! in New Dela. ‘There is an opencnded couryard compesed of the two Secretariat, Dulklins an, atthe end, the Rastrapath Bhawan, All this raed shove normal ground level andthe approach 67a ren. Ate top fhe ramp anc in Fons ofthe acing tll seen of ange This is he seting. Traveling trcugh from the Central Vata we sce the two Secrets ia full, but the Rashcopa Bua is poral "ie sR Yh a iden by hemp; nly is upper arts wile.‘ ef of rune: ln senso Soe and make emote The bug Witesd, Weare Here and it There. As we lab he ramp the Rasta Bhawa s ‘ena reveled the mystery caniats ip fle mit becomes Etiactwsytaning oo te sre, But ths oie the rag, the wrought no screen, asec wich agin creates afm of Here tnd There y means ofthe sree rst. A ean i pial cue ‘etre sequence” ilistratn, page 29. 3 Concening cones nts bat cee me turn to an examina sion ofthe ibis of towns: colour, testis se, rl character, Denonuly ad uniquense Accepting the fet that ot tons are of Tiifounditin, he fac wil show evience of dering periods ns Sretutcrral shes and ao the varus axieats of tno, Many toms do vo display ths minute of wy, reise sales, "Ye thre esa th back feu minds eng hat cou we oni sar again we mould get ofthis Botchpotch ad rake al new ad nc end pcr We ould crate a ede cone wath teght Fnls th buns tet conformed in beh and sp. Given ae had that ic wtat we mien do create Samet, bance, perfection and fonformity, Afr alta ithe poplar enerpin f the purpce of ‘orn planing, ‘Bs what this conformity? Let us approach it by snl Let us supp pry ins eae hose wher are ethered tether fi # {ten people wh are strangers fo each other: The aly pt of the trening psd in olte conversation on georalsbjet sacha the Sreber al the cement sews. Cgacts af posed ad Lights feed [Pmlouy, tn nt sll oem cfrmenner of bow one oust ID bchine Kis lo very tocny, Tre sonfrmy weer, ltr ot theebepine to ea ind ot ofthe staighache fox mane fn confrmity rea! human bens tein to cnet. He found hat Mis X's sharp but gbd-acue wit at te ight to Major Ys Sonia spl caren. And ont begins be fan Canorm fy gine ay tothe agrwmen ier within a feongrned lance of Bihtebur Confort from the point of iw ofthe planner, ficult 02d hurt avid dlberstes. bv eating atl diversions, i srl? sre th te org! trem. Here for sesan is propane to Teheuse 500 people, They ae ll exe the are they pet the same Hind of owe How con one diferente? Yet f we sat fo a mach wider point of View we wil s= that pica hosing ifs from tepemte zone housing, that beings in a brick cousty dir from Buulding ia stone councy, that religion and socal manners wry the Dulin. Aad a the eld ef escreton narrows 20 out sesithi) 10 {he loa goss mat growskarper. ‘Teri eo mach ayes in he bling of towns so och rence oa th task and the armoured ct snhere the tescopic ie is wanted ‘Within a commonly accepted tamewerk—one that produces laity and noc anarchy—we can manipulate the ruances of ale ands, of texture and lou and of chuacer sod india, axtaposing ion in order to create cllosive bans. Ta fat the corconmoat thi fe ‘cles ite into not confuemity bu the interplay of Tha end That tis a mater observation that socol contra colour aot ‘only do we experienc the harmony reesed bu, equally, the esloare become mere truly themseies. Ina lage ndcape by Cero, I ferget i tums a landscape of srt groom, almont s mennctom, fe Sa srl gure in re Tes probably the rede thing have crac. ‘States ae abaracr when they are plc out ofthe complete ses of he nd ennveted ito plans an the ples sto bling they ‘il be els. The resale wal bea tee~imensonal diagram in which ‘people ar asked wove. Ta uying to ooboaie sacha wasteland, tan Inet fem wa eovironet fr walking stemacs ia home for una ‘beige the icly lyin nding the pin of applic ining he faewny into the cae. We ancnvened ths gates, tat of anton, that of poston and that of coment. By the exes f vison it became spparect dat mein was not on simple, meisraDi progression vel inplaning twa in ict two thingy the Exiting andthe Reveal We ‘We discovered the the buren bong is constaalyewate ef his pos fn the environment, that he fete acd fra sen f plea that this sense of identity is couple with an awsrenss af elewhere, Cone fccmity lle, whereas che agreement to ier pve Ie In this way the ‘eid of stats, of the dagrarn chy, hasbeen split into two Det, wheter they be dose of Serial Visi, Here and Thee ce Thisand Tia. ‘AI that rer i join them Together nto anew paren creat by the wrath and power and silty of human inaglnation 0 tat we Tall the home of ma, cae partes abced he A of Paying. AS ia any cher game thee fre recognized gambits and moves built up foun eapericne en pe {Sedent. Inthe pages tha follow anette made te che here move tunder the tee main heads a sere of chee New Deh 1959 INTRODUCTION TO 1971 EDITION tn writing an incoducion to tis eiten of Tempe 1S ie to tlie inthe atte expressed fn the erga eteduction writen ten Teas ben sid that new edition of Toop should rely on modern wok fort sample instead of these Beng cle fom tbe pst. Ts hs not heen dane Tor Reo Fes sty the unk offing te sharp Ki noedlin the vast haystack of st vat bling would be aie uncconomea. Th lads wo dhe second Pits why soul tbe so dul? Recs, i my we, the original iowags of Teomscape has not heen delivered ech We havewitnsed a supefioa ive decerason using bolas sand cobb, we fae sen frases pedestrian pri ad We have fed te tbe of conservation ‘Bat mone of thes gexmane to ownscape. The sades ofthe sian ion that the supa have Docume the currncy bu the spent the Environment Garnet sil locked say ins tered and git box ‘The postion may nde have deteriorated over Ce ls en Years fr reasons ich are set cut Blow, ‘Man me's cvisanmcet-unfuiaiy, shock ulin and bovedor acceding it kindof man you are. The problem is aot eb {ho exeovoton geting mare than ite fir share? Yeu Reson? The reatn in my ew ste ope of change which be sree the normal ‘Sommunicton econ panne ad pane. Theiss fair excugh more people, more houses, more amis, faster ewtunkatios and Unzuniae Euding mnctods. "The sped of change proves hs environment ngaicr frm sting down and Ierting by experience how to hunsarse the rw matenal thrown at then. Incteseqnence the enrronmen i l-dgested. Landa fs soering fom ingestion. The gar: juices, epreseted y pan rer, have not Been able W bee dawn all he vast chunks of sly Shalimel sodse ue emexiona ntrimcat We na be abet do many things cut gradparcts coal not do but we canaot digest aay fister. The process be in stomach or Bria, port of cur hman Donage And So we have to mae orzaniitional changes inorder that hums Sak can be brought it cflctie comin with the Forces of developThe fit chang iso populrse the art of envionment on th: pinc- chat he game improve with te amoant of poplar emotion ivesed {nd thie the ru ofthe station Te staring Mosk heres that in ‘he poplar mind acminsrtve planing dll, technical and foes. ding whist Ene planing fe conceived 3s we, sagt set with bushy-toppe rss on ether sds a stp, On the cncary! The way the cavierment fe pet ogee is pxcotally ee of cur st eniing dud wkopered plecare ewes. Ks we orc copbeing of opines trout rising that the shes tha pinch ae ruly pair of Tea hos ‘ow tocaplin Esarpe: the nearest hand atthe tne of writ Sees catecncarAlengn,p.1. The Gothic burs wre fasitedy ‘he problem weight, how to support he culmination of tie structures, the vel and guide io weigh sally down to cath In this building tmnt his ber, vied ite two pets, ‘The wall are exported by {hardy cyindial ccmne the wv sl he pede of the ender fppear to be supported fantastically steed appli cats Stach ac aos lighting condocors gravity between heave a {he seid cath. The walls ac eld wp by mn, the val scary eld tp by angels understand weigh, Cem srg’, 'T have eetcome weight, Tam eer’ We both spring fom te same earth eget, we feed cach ther” Through the cearins they commune together #8 ‘As soon as the game cr dake fs undesce! be who place beens to shake hat wat you, K burst all through the dll bases of who ‘id what end when nd whe didi fit. We haw whe didi ics a chap wi a ewnkl ns eye tulle that Fam not discussing absote values such as beauty, periee- ton, atwith abig A, or moras Tam urying te descibe an envfonment that chat avey haps plain fed taking oper Apart em a nad of rable oxcptons cur worl! i being led wah aptem bale dumb Dendesandasciter of Iesticoaft Onis whenthe dikguccommencse wl pple sap eo lisen ‘Unt sich hap’ dayarives when people in the see tow their aos the aia Bese oa rlnner he volume of sardonic hueher isthe menarc of your depivauen) hey now do fer fotbalis a Pop singer, holngepertin nto part wil be messy its streaming the ereonmert Tt difcl ofge ora general rincpi, avert protec the pul. By breaking doen the vic ‘ection consitwent pasts the ccs can fight for fe atonalDeerere, inl oe mb rind= eee cenit Espuresuna ose by ete pe we mbt eee aecmaeie Pesce ere oes rear eran Ecuiose Ince o¢ mle en fe br ce Ong cprsng (Sepa cpg Se rd pce whch scochpmccn aston St Sa Se reves ema scammer "owe ca ane ne ae won bai dor eee nee Seeley acre Secmerp wesawarnane Tgeeretw mamma cee eee cs initia pec pe cukaal exten Os Svein sak masosarnes Saline amen Seyerrme nro SE as rem gn 0 Sceetennacteae mae Sssas SRuocur meme en See ee Storer‘The ce of Ea ete rend ts gy forte seen on, more eee inthe ao gm heii be per ae Se Ra Ss SESE ican Salento SSR orn Er = widre ino fobs Seu were: Cob thal aS Seacoast ‘su acre oe Sie Sameer tee eager eee ae se SIS SMooresy ‘fibvat,sconplly ior oo an SEI ISE ES tinal Sy ot ss ee ag el ace ‘ich rd eye ph Ge tind cine ooo wee Sent Ste i ene a See" ceiye pone ee shel te swe te so mor sl ea of Bift Uetang Desi aghast on oes ae Esmee ge Sage ge Noy ‘omaeape eo re cated wih tre pers fee nero od Sa Fem tg ie ns he "re te a poten: eng sage gunmen an fy SS ‘rayon coeren tenes ead Soa Gee ey aa ee, pata teeta ‘pcan come z revebity Mabie te bet Pato Seer Graphs ened ag rnd SST Stet ed ma vara Tania ae ‘Sify mae fs ner tec ak elope ain Sls, sree err fag me Set cn toys se r ep en pms ‘ayer g (neck po erent ‘rae man opal SC SLE a eee “Rept for ence wh Scot ta noes {iy te eestor lniraton by mean ebake Ses ee Lore Spagna a ‘sce lar pn oi pra ‘Ses erune wing con oro te ay eae tie te, “0 Soca San are Se Soe Set koe Sesia ota ete Stevo ESS Sree Eos sures ee Soames ‘SO ie ee RSD a and ath ser na rch Pale i Forge sb ioe eter he sete ee os ign nan a Sse par i Jon pect do eae the hw fs Sloe tn at tee red yk ws Saipan, pe eng cron. seth Bec and shaver of om ba Sad a oc ee Shoat ona sisters pny Haef $ ibceiearstze (nae Ri ba Il1953, REDGRAVE RD. BASILDON NEW TOWN Berge GE 3 GLGEBn eran mene ch ‘tae ee Po Bos wii opera sae weeENDFIECE The mesage ofthis bok that theres 2 lot of fun and a ot of drama toe had fom the envroname, The ead may spl, "Yes, Dat YOu Inve combed the wold for exaspls, Come and sx where Iie inthe ‘capil honing of Lirepol or Manchester, nthe new suburb of arisce the gritnonc of American it. Se what you car make ofthat” ‘Ares ut I ave not combed he world as to make 4 pure ok that ean be picked up and put down. Te eames ate asembed for 4 purpose. The parpess i to expos te at of anomie wbich had [isn understood and practised could have poventd the dst net ‘ened. The reson for ths back = t seach on to poop Uke you to ty {abow sou whut you ae massing and toy implant a growth oust Even if you lied inthe pretest of towns the message i ti just as scornry: thre an tt of extronment, This fs the cena fact cf Towsscarr butitbas go lot cathe may, Us cvicament gladiators fave cast te fort and parted st among them. On the ene hands has nso utrige srt vs otktion Netthor ofthese, my be alles to trent germane tothe atc envionment. And corsequem en Yeats lai, ebecomes acesary tout agala, Now fs the time © fhion ‘Tinuch ete else too. Thana tothe eforementoned adits the fabjet & ow not kon, Bot it inked wo constraints ond exhort ‘em. Wat msg the conta oer f generation. Theat af {ing the environment topether has ow to De more cll define, 1s {es sted and is yp product familarsed ver a breed fed ofthe Iay population, Tis wil be the sbjet of my nex book There isan atta of mind which coor the sytcmatisation of sesthics,teliving thatthe bird on the wing can acer be the sane ‘when ought. There another tide which nce to the yew that ‘ries: sou define your tes ane exes mist grammar yo il ‘ever Be abe Wo pay tune, even a simple te et alone Mesar. TR cm to eto be alocrnca At the ek of repent wm Bet fad of activity dined A. The cavirument input tgcbcr in two way, Fit, objcctvely by ‘atane cf commonsene nd logic bse on the Benevolrk peicile ofhealth, amenity coavenience and piracy. This may be corapare 9 Gad ‘entng the word 8 somo outside si above te thing creed. The second vay snot in opposition to ths Is. falfineat of crea by ‘mpleying the subjective values of thse who wil live a ds creed trond Wahou disrespect this say be corapared vo God sending his Son Ei the word ta ie av ahora, Sand oat what ts ike and eedoen Both these ates ae corapleentary. To ake 2 simple ana, com: moawel lins of Inieede which ae peal on the map diminish 10 Yanishing pons when observed by de individual, There is mora Aiscnctin invelved, both bservations ace tue, The tah is where you sre In hove studies we shall not be soncered with objctive valu, ‘which appr to be tring. But we shal be conceed wah the ssc tie uation which dtibing ‘What we re wicesing is the extreme cl of sitching from one ‘ind of wut anther, ie. tom ube obpetve Benevolence ofthe town= Il fo personal response ap experience especialy when i this mad sok thers usally le tine toads, “Ta ma claim of FOUN CADE se hat has ase in charting the structure ofthe subjective weld. Fo aes itscheted to wat ca8 You ‘djust? To opinions, to fashion oc to personal mocaty? How ace ics w adjust vo vagueness and how une wasting 1. From what based we set oot? The en possible ase surely #10 secon the ways in which the human Beng warms 10 hs uPOURAS, ‘To set down is allzmations. Not the grandiose views on Art or God forthe Compute, but the neal afirmatoas about cur own Lvs. It fay bap to observe human rrpons to ving elt The baby i oe it ecard ie nangy, creep, Ite strip ond ely srogunt Later the proving child beg to dscer hings outside set, Senne thing are hota ober ol, sometimes ‘lsh, some ig things move abou sng. The youth grom vp i the ‘my and leans the dos end door of aly le, When at wk agestine or say up te, hn Yo get othe right side of dad and Sallie ar an adult be dese to male hs ow iar and bsomes responsible for the eepanstion 0's fami. ‘Our repowse 1 he eavrUREeat fs Very HUE he same and can DE cxpresed in four affemations: 1. Lam Here [am in this room, it snow. Awareness of space 2: They are There, That bling is charming or ugly. Anarene of spool and carat 4 understand Behaviour, We mall eboat inside a web of perspective that open before rand clos: behind ws. There aime struct 4. LOrganie. Fan manipulate Spaces and Moods, Rrowing thie Benariour, 1 produce te hrne of ma. A very fins snd lange Hat what happens fe simply brash ll chi {one sie and ge dwn 10 ant of desing? ans. Ter the nothing to blog sohing be wate tnd Nonshomerstching Yo the honvon and + conn of sins The Erpascn fom Eden au 2, Teves nog w commute With. We wr dis way and thc bells ces ad mules: Nobo gino mee ‘We hold outa Hand but ther sno rope fen the eat anti Kn Cavioament a gpa and lmey a 4 crt 9 ‘tangs samy ctr a the mpcens aan home or sxe ag. Chip widh etryhing, Shove in a cup of er cb . Our st move in creating 4 system mus surely Beto organise the ‘el so that phenomena can be Hed cally in an Acs ofthe envio tent 80 far we have «column of aliraatins on the lft band de ‘Acro the top wr can oct dwn the difting diznensbens of the exviro tment in wich they eperte int there isthe pli word of lg, beset and height Seconds the meni of me and third i the mension of ambience. From these so Breaks eral and hei= ‘ail, wecancomstrut thc clementary Ada wich ithe reseies Se sound, should be capable of immense growth. ving sive athe concept of an Aas we oom consider the fourth latin, thc concerned with organisation oe manpulaton. 1 we ‘mide the Ala ar a reference ary of (ss word them genie: "om the aro puting as Word wh that make ack tarement ‘whichis inberent in Ue particular dein problem. And itis this lois ‘ae of communication that wall ced. For Go's sak 4 srnetting! "You can ace tha it 20 more complicated tan s coker book: Best you lt your ingredients, then you dasribe how they bebe in eat or ‘Sater of whazever and then you put thes together a thee i, # eal “Tae ony diterence beeen te wo stat mest peopl have @ ht for ‘ating which justin the apparcaly inxhawseible saply of cooky ‘bois wheat the environment is tthe moment a ast-vacuum. fe isnt ealy surprising The dalogve stopped when they killed of be

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