SYLLABUS IN LABOR RELATIONS LAW

LAW204M

Atty. Domingo T. Aonuevo

DLSU College of Law
[email protected]

COURSE DESCRIPTION:
This course is about the legal relations of employees and their
employers as delineated by the employees rights to self-
organization, collective bargaining, and concerted activities,
including the right to strike, on one hand, the employers
management prerogatives and right to lock-out, on the other
hand, as well as the various other modes of labor dispute
resolution.

LEARNING OUTCOMES (LO):

On completion of the course, the student is expected to be able
to restate and discuss:
1. the State policies on labor relations;
2. the meaning, scope, and bases of the rights to self-
organization, collective bargaining, and concerted activities,
including the right to strike, as well as the meaning, scope, and
bases of management prerogatives;
3. the rules regulating organization, management, and activities of
labor organizations;
4. what an appropriate bargaining unit is, how it is determined,
and how its bargaining representative is selected;
5. the process of collective bargaining and negotiation and how a
collective bargaining agreement is administered;
6. what unfair labor practices are;

* This syllabus is intended to be used only in Atty. Aonuevos Law204M class. It should
not be reproduced for any other purpose, nor uploaded to any internet site, without his
express authorization.
7. the meaning, basis and limitations of strikes and other union
concerted activities as well as employer lock-out; and
8. the rudimentary rules of labor relations in the public sector;
and
9. jurisdiction and procedures in settling labor disputes

REQUIREMENTS AND ASSESSMENTS:

The student will be assessed during the term by the following:

Class recitation
10%
Individual or a pairs report
on any of the following
a. a labor organization
registered in 2015 or 2016 (with
emphasis on the process of
union organization and 10%
registration, and the particular
legal and practical challenges
the organization faced in the
process).
b. a CBA registered in 2015 or
2016 (with emphasis on how
the union got certified as
bargaining agent, how the
collective bargaining
negotiation went, and the
particular legal and practical
challenges the parties met
faced in the process).
c. a notice of strike that was
filed in 2015 or 2016 (with
emphasis on the dispute
involved, how it was resolved,
and the particular legal and
practical challenges the union
met faced in the process).
d. a case study on the worth of
collective bargaining and
negotiations as a mode of
settling a 2015 or 2016 labor
dispute;
e. a case study on the worth of
voluntary arbitration as a mode
of settling a 2015 or 2016 labor
dispute;
f. a case study on the worth of
conciliation and mediation as
modes of settling a 2015 or
2016 labor dispute;
g. How united and strong is the
labor movement now?
h. How enlightened are the
workers concerning their rights
and obligations as union
members and as employees?
i. current problems and
prospects regarding the Labor
Codes compliance with the ILO
conventions on the right to self-
organization and concerted
activities;
j. current problems and
prospects regarding public
sector unionism;
k. current problems and
prospects regarding the
implementation of tripartism as
a state policy.
l. current problems and
prospects with the
implementation of the SeNA.

Due on: _________________

Handwritten case digests 10%
Due on the day of the final
examination
Periodic Quizzes 35%
Final examination 35%
100%
REFERENCES
1. 1987 Constitution of the Philippines;
2. P.D. No. 442 (the Labor Code of the Philippines), as amended;
3. D.O. No. 40-03, as amended;
4. Executive Order No. 180 (1987);
5. Amended Rules Governing the Exercise of the Right of Government
Employees to Self-Organization the Implementing Rules;
6. labor relations law textbooks
.
OTHER READING MATERIALS
1. Sibal, Jorge. 2004. A Century of the Philippine Labor Movement.
(http://ro.uow.edu.au/cgi/viewcontent.cgi?
article=1005&context=unity&sei-redir=1#search=
%22history+of+Philippine+labor+movement%22)
2. EILER.1987. GTU: kurso sa tunay na unyonismo.
3. Ofreneo, Rene. 2006. Globalization and Unionism: The SMU
Challenge
(http://solair.upd.edu.ph/images/Ofreneo,%20Rene%20-
%20Globalization%20and%20Unionism%5B1%5D.pdf)
4. Bitonio, Benedicto Ernesto. Workers Representation Amidst Labor
Flexibility: Insight from the Philippine Experience.
(http://solair.upd.edu.ph/images/bitonio_paper.pdf)
5. Aganon, Marie, et al., 2009. Union Revitalization and Social
Movement Unionism in the Philippines: A Handbook. Friedrich Ebert
Stiftung and U.P. School of Labor and Industrial Relations.
(http://www.fes.org.ph/media/uploads/documents/smu_handbook.jan22.pdf
6. Manuel, Marlon. The Revised Rules on the Right to Self-Organization:
A Critique to Department Order No. 40, Series of 2003.
http://www.ateneolawjournal.com/Media/uploads/0ff19f727ba0b45179
5d48f03456af9f.pdf
Course Outline

PART I - STATE
POLICIES ON
LABOR
RELATIONS
A. Voluntary/d
emocratic
modes of
dispute Labor Code (LC), Art. 219(l); San Miguel Corp.
settlement Employees Union v. Bersamira, G.R. No. 87700, June 13,
1990; Halaguea v. PAL, G.R. No. 172013, October 2,
1. Labor 2009; Portillo v. Rudolf Lietz, Inc., G.R. 196539, October
dispute 10, 2012)

CONST., Art. XIII, Sec. 3., par. 3; LC, Art. 218 A & B; Kiok
Loy v. NLRC, G.R. No. L-54334, January 22, 1986; Scout
Ramon V. Albano Memorial College v. Noriel, 85 SCRA
494 (1978)

LC, Art. 218 B; Arts. 262 264; Arts. 99, 122(b), 123
2. Preferred (par. 3), & 124 (pars. 4 & 5)
modes of
dispute LC, Art 224 & 274
settlement
LC, Art. 234(a)

LC, Arts. 224, 274; & 278(h)

LC, Art. 218 B

Collective
bargaining

Resort to
grievance
machinery

Conciliatio
n and
mediation

Voluntary
arbitration

3. Non-
interferenc
e by
governmen
t
B. Trade LC, Art. 218 A(b) & (c)
unionism
C. Worker LC, Arts. 218 A(d), 250 (p) & 292 (a)
enlightenment
D. Adequate CONST., Art. III, Sec. 16; LC, Arts. 218 A(e) & 219(l); Art.
machinery for 234; Arts. 227 & Art. 292(i) & E.O. 26 (1992)
expeditious
dispute
settlement
E. Industrial LC, Arts. 218 A(f), 290, & 292 (g); Art. 220 (2 nd par.);
Peace & Arts. 121 (2nd par.), 122 (4th par.), & 182(a)
Tripartism
F. Worker LC, Arts. 218 A(g), & 267, par. 2; R.A. No. 6971, Sec. 5;
participation in Philippine Airlines, Inc. v. NLRC, 225 SCRA 301 (1993)
decision and
policy making
processes
affecting rights,
duties and CONST., Art. II, Sec. 20 and Art. XIII, Sec. 3, par. 4;
welfare
Chu v. NLRC, 232 SCRA 764 (1994); San Miguel Brewery
Sales Force Union (PTGWO) v. Ople, 170 SCRA 25 (1989);
Contra: Philippine Airlines, Inc. v. NLRC, 225 SCRA 301 (1993);
Management Union of the Filipro Employees-Drug v. Nestle, G.R. No.
Prerogatives 158930-31, August 22, 2006
(MP)
SHS Perforated Materials, Inc. v. Diaz, 633 SCRA 258
1. MP: (2010); Supreme Steel Corp. v. Nagkakaisang
basis; Manggagawa Ng Supreme Independent Union (Nms-
Ind-Apl), G.R. No. 185556, March 28, 2011; PLDT v.
Paguio, G.R. No. 152689, October 12, 2005;
2. MP: Businessday Information Systems and Services, Inc. v. NLRC,
definitio 221 SCRA 9 (1993)
n and
scope;

3. MP:
limits

PART II - THE
RIGHT TO
SELF-
ORGANIZATIO
N
A. Bases of right

1. Constitution CONST., Art. III, Sec. 8; Art. XIII,

Sec. 3; & Art. IX(B), Sec. 2(5)
2. Labor Code LC, Arts. 257, 258, and 260, 284
& 285
3. International conventions ILO Convention No. 87 (Freedom
of Association & Protection of
Right to Organize, 1948); ILO
Convention No. 98 (Application
of the Principles of the Right to
Organize and Bargain
Collectively, 1949); International
Covenant on Economic, Social
and Cultural Rights, Arts. 2 and 8
(a); International Covenant on
Civil and Political Rights, Art. 22

B. Extent and scope of right Republic Savings Bank v. CIR, 21

SCRA 226 (1967); LC, Art. 257;
Victoriano v. Elizalde Rope
Workers Union, G.R. No. L-
25246, September 12, 1974;
Reyes v. Trajano, 209 SCRA 484
(1992); Kapatiran v. Calleja, 162
SCRA 367 (1988); Pan-Am World
Airways, Inc. v. Pan-Am
Employees Assn., 27 SCRA 1202
(1969)
C. Workers with right of self- CONST., Art. III, Sec. 8, & Art.
organization XIII, Sec. 3
1. All employees LC, Art. 253, 219(f), & 292(c);

2. Government employees CONST., Art. IX-B, Sec. 2(1) & (5);

LC, Art. 254; E.O. No. 180 (June
1, 1987)
3. Supervisors LC, Art. 255 & Art. 219 (m);
Cathay Pacific Steel Corporation v. CA,
G.R. No. 164561, August 30,
2006; Filoil Refinery Corporation
v. Filoil Supervisory and
Confidential Employees
Association, 46 SCRA 512
(1972);
4. Aliens LC, Arts. 284 & 285; Book V, Rule
2, Sec. 2, par. 1, 3rd sentence, as
amended by D.O. No. 40-C-05.
D. Excluded Employees/ Workers

1. Managerial Employees LC, Arts. 255 & 219(m); Paper

Industries Corp. v. Laguesma,
G.R. No. 101738, April 12, 2000.
2. Confidential Employees Metrolab Industries, Inc. v.
Roldan-Confesor, 254 SCRA 182
(1996); Tunay na Pagkakaisa ng
Manggagawa sa Asia Brewery
vs. Asia Brewery, Inc., G.R. No.
162025, August 3, 2010; San
Miguel Foods, Inc. vs. San Miguel
Corp. Supervisors and Exempt
Union, G.R. No. 146206, August
1, 2011.
3. Workers-Members of a Batangas I Electric Cooperative
Cooperative v. Young, G.R. No. 62386,
November 9, 1988.
4. Employees of international International Catholic Migration
organizations Commission v. Calleja, 190 SCRA
130 (1990).
5. Effect of Including Employees LC, Art. 256; Samahang
Outside the Bargaining Unit Manggagawa sa Charter
Chemical v. Charter Chemical
and Coating Corporation, G.R.
No. 169717, March 16, 2011.
6. Non-Employees LC, Art. 253; Implementing Rules
(IR), Book V, Rule II, Sec. 2, par. 3
7. Sanctions for Violation of Right LC, Arts. 259, 260, 261, 303-
304); IR, Book V, Rule XXII, Sec.
15

PART III - LABOR ORGANIZATION

A. Policy

B. Definitions:

1. Labor organization
2. Union

3. Workers Association

4. Legitimate labor organization

5. Legitimate workers association

6. Company Union

C. Union Rationale

D. Government Regulation

1. Union Registration:

a. Definition

b. Requirements

c. Action on Application

d. Effect of Registration
e. Acquisition of Legal Personality

f. Rights of Legitimate Labor Organization

g. Effects on Non-Registration

2. Cancellation of Union Certificate of Registration

E. International Activities of Union

F. Union Member Relations

1. Admission and Discipline of Members

Due Process

2. Election of Officers

a. Qualifications

b. Manner of Election

c. Tenure
d. Compensation

e. Who may vote

F. Effect of election

3. Major policy matter

4. Union funds

Payment of attorneys fees and special assessments

5. Mandatory Activity

6. Union Information /Obligation

7. Enforcement and remedies Intra-union disputes; jurisdiction;

procedure and sanctions:

G. Union Chartering and Affiliation: Local and Parent Union Relations

1. Affiliates and chartered locals, national unions and federations;

2. Registration

2. Purpose; nature of relations

3. Affiliation of both supervisory and rank-and-file unions with one
mother union

4. Local union disaffiliation: nature of right and legality

When a local union should disaffiliate

Part IV - THE APPROPRIATE BARGAINING UNIT

A. Law and Definition

B. Determination of Appropriate Bargaining Unit

1. Factors Unit Determination

2. Unit Severance and Globe Doctrine

3. Size of Unit and Effect on Self-Organization

4. Effect of Prior Agreement

C. Determining Agency

Part V - UNION REPRESENTATION:

ESTABLISHING UNION MAJORITY STATUS
A. Pre-Condition: Employer-Employee Relationship
B. Methods of Establishing Majority Status
1. Policy/Rationale
2. Voluntary Recognition
Effects
3. Elections
a. Certification election
b. Consent election
Effects
c. Run-off election
4. Venue of Petition
C. Certification Election Process:
1. The Union as Initiating Party
a. Organized Establishment
i) Petition Before Freedom Period
ii) Petition Beyond Freedom Period
iii) Filing Party
Misrepresentation by Union Officers
iv) Form of Petition
v) Substantial Support
vi) Forced Intervention/ Motion for Intervention
b. Unorganized Establishment
2. The Employer as Initiating Party/ Bystander Rule
3. Responsible Agency
4. Requisite for Validity of Election/ Failure of Election
5. Nature of Proceeding
6. Certification Election Process and Procedure
a. Effect of Private Agreement
b. Posting Notice
c. Voters List
d. Dismissed employees
e. Voting Day/Venue
f. Conduct of Election
g. Protest Period
h. Appeal; Period
i. Nullification of Election results
D. Certification of Designated Majority Union
E. Bars to Certification Election
1. One Year Bar/Certification year Rule
2. Negotiation Bar Rule
3. Deadlock Bar Rule
4. Contract Bar Rule
F. Effect of Petition For Cancellation of Trade Union Registration

PART VI - COLLECTIVE BARGAINING:

GENERAL CONCEPT, PROCEDURE AND ISSUES

A. General Concept
1. Policy Declaration

2. Nature and Purpose

B. Bargainable Issues

C. Bargaining Procedure

1. Private Procedure
2. Labor Code Procedure

3.Conciliation/preventive mediation

4. Duty to Bargain

D. The Collective Bargaining Agreement

1. Definition/Contents
2. Registration

3. Beneficiaries

4. Minutes of Negotiation

5. Interpretation, Administration and Enforcement

a. Nature
b. Grievance Procedure

c. Contract Ambiguity

d. Contract Duration and Renewal

e. CBA and 3rd Party Liability

f. CBA and Disaffiliation

g. Jurisdiction of Voluntary Arbitrators

PART VII -
UNFAIR
LABOR
PRACTICE
A. In General
1. Definition and General Concept LC, Arts. 219(k) & 258
Culili v. Eastern
Telecommunications
Philippines, Inc., G.R. No.
165381, February 9, 2011;
Galaxie Steel Workers Union v. NLRC ,
G.R. No. 165757, October 2006;
Sterling Products International,
Inc. v. Secretary of Labor, 7
SCRA 446 (1963);
2. Requisites
a. Employer-Employee American President Lines Inc. v.
Relationship Clave,114 SCRA 826 (82)
b. Act must be specifically LC, Arts. 259 & 260
defined in the law
3. Burden of proof. Tiu v. NLRC, 227 SCRA 680
(1997); Central Azucarera De
Bais Employees Union-NFL v.
Central Azucarera De Bais, Inc.,
G.R. No. 186605, November 17,
2010; Union of Filipro
Employees-DFA-KMU v. Nestle
Philippines, Inc., G.R. Nos.
158930-31
4. Interpretation Caltex Filipino Managers and
Supervisors Assn. v. CIR, 44
SCRA 350 (1972)
5. Inter-relations of UPL Acts LC, Arts. 259 & 260; Republic
Savings Bank v. CIR, 21 SCRA
226 (1967)
B. Acts Violative of Right to Self-
Organization
1. Interference, Restraint and LC, Arts. 259(a) & 292(g) & (h),
Coercion & 254 (a); Hacienda Fatima v.
National Federation of
Sugarcane Workers-Food, G.R.
No. 149440, January 28, 2003;
a. Interrogation Scotys Department Store v.
Micaller, G.R. No. L-8116,
August 25, 1956; Philippine
Steam Navigation Co. v. Phil.
Marine Officers Guild, 15 SCRA
174 (1965)
b. Speech, Espionage, Economic The Insular Life Assurance Co.
Coercion Ltd., Employees Assn. v. Insular
Life Assurance Co. Ltd., 37
SCRA 243 (1971)
c. Concerted Activities Philippine Blooming Mills
Employees Organization v.
Philippines Blooming Mills, Co.,
51 SCRA 189 (1973); Republic
Savings Bank v. CIR, G.R. No. L-
20303, September 27, 1967
2. Non-Union Membership or LC, Art. 259(b); Visayan
Withdrawal from Membership as Stevedore Trans. Co. v. CIR,19
a condition of Employment SCRA 426 (1967)
(yellow-dog contract)
3. Contracting out to Discourage LC, Art. 259(c); Bankard, Inc. v.
Unionism NLRC, G.R. No. 171664, March
6, 2013
4. Company Domination of Union LC, Art. 259(d); Progressive
Development Corp. v. CIR, 80
SCRA 434 (1977)
5. Discrimination to Encourage/ LC, Art. 259(e)
Discourage Unionism
a. Valid discrimination: union Alabang Country Club, Inc. v.
security clause requisites NLRC, 545 SCRA 351 (2008);
Del Monte v. Zaldivar, G.R. No.
158620, 11 October 2006; BPI
v. BPI Employees Union Davao
Chapter, Federation of Unions
in BPI Unibank, G.R. No.
164301, August 10, 2010 &
October 19, 2011
b. Collection of agency fees LC, Art. 259(e); Del Pilar
Academy et al., v. Del Pilar
Academy Employees Union,
G.R. No. 170112, April 30, 2008
6. Retaliation: Testimony Against LC, Art. 259(f); H.G. Henares &
Employer/Indirect discrimination Sons v. National Labor Union,
G.R. No. 17535, December 28,
1961; Mabeza v. NLRC, G.R. No.
118506, April 18, 1997; Itogon-
Suyoc Mines, Inc. v. Baldo, G.R.
No. 17739, December 24, 1964.
7. Illegal Exaction LC, Art. 260(d)
Featherbedding
8. Management Prerogative and Shell Oil Workers Union v. Shell
Unfair Labor Practices Co. of the Phils. Ltd., 39 SCRA
276 (1971); San Miguel Corp.
Employees Union v. Bersamira,
186 SCRA 496 (1990)
C. Acts Violative of Right to Collective
Bargaining
1. Violation of Duty to Bargain LC, Arts. 259(g), 260(c), & 262-
264; Shell Oil Workers Union v. Shell
Co. of the Phils. Ltd., 39 SCRA 276
(1971); General Milling Corp. v.
CA, G.R. 146728, February 11,
2004; Central Azucarera De
Bais Employees Union-NFL v.
Central Azucarera De Bais, Inc.,
G.R. No. 186605, November 17,
2010; St. John Colleges, Inc. v.
St. John Academy Faculty and
Employees Union, G.R. No.
167892, October 27, 2006;
Union of Fillipro Employees
DFA v. Nestle Phil. Inc., G.R. No.
158930, March 3, 2008
2. Negotiation or Attorneys Fees LC, Arts. 259(h) & 260(e)
3. Gross Violation of Collective LC, Art. 259(i), 260(f), & 274;
Bargaining Agreement Arellano University Employees
and Workers Union v. CA, G.R.
No. 139940, September 19,
2006; San Miguel Foods, Inc. v.
SMC Employees Union-PTGWO,
535 SCRA 133 (2007);
Employees Union of Bayer
Phils. v. Bayer Philippines Inc.,
G.R. No. 162943, December 6,
2010
D. Motive, Conduct and Proof
1. Employer Motive and Proof Phil. Metal Foundries, Inc. v.
CIR, 90 SCRA 135 (1979)
2. Totality of Evidence Royal Undergarment
Corporation of the Phil. v. CIR,
186 SCRA 278 (1990)
E. Enforcement, Remedies and
Sanctions
1. Parties Against Whom ULP LC, Arts. 258 -260, & 219(e),
Committed (f), & (g)
2. Parties Liable for Acts
a) Employer LC, Arts. 259 & 303-304
b) Labor Organization LC, Arts. 260 & 303-304;
National Labor Union v. CIR,
116 SCRA 417 (1982)
3. Prosecution and Prescriptive
Period
a) Civil Aspect LC, Art. 260, pars. 2-4 & 306
b) Criminal Aspect LC, Arts. 259 & 305
4. Compromise CCLC E.G. Gochangco Workers
Union v. NLRC; 161 SCRA 656
(1988)
5. Remedies and Sanctions
a) Civil Remedies LC, Arts. 259, 2nd & 3rd par.;
Quadra v. CA, G.R. No. 147593,
July 31, 2006
b) Penal Remedies LC, Arts. 259, 303-305

PART VIII - UNION CONCERTED ACTIVITIES

A. Basis of Right to Engage in Concerted Activities

1. Constitution
2. Statutory
3. Limitations
B. Strike
1. Definition
2. Nature and Purpose
3. Rationale for Regulation by Law
4. Effect on Work Relationship
5. Types and Conversion
a. Unfair Labor Practice
b. Bargaining Deadlock Economic/ULP
6. Grounds
a. Allowable Strikes
b. Prohibited Strikes
c. No Strike Clause
7. Striking Party
8. Procedural Requirements
a. Effort to Bargain
b. Filing of Notice of Intention
c. Observance of Cooling-Off Period
d. Strike Vote
9. Test of Legality
a. Legal Strikes
i) Purpose and Means Test

ii) Defenses Good Faith

b. Illegal Strikes

i) Basis of Illegality
ii) Effect of Illegality
iii) Effect of Assumption/Certification order
10. Employment of Strike Breakers
11. Improved Offer Balloting and Strikes
C. Strikes in industries indispensable to the national interest

1. Rationale of Compulsory Arbitration;

2. Definition and Nature of Dispute Subject to Compulsory

Arbitration;

3. SOLEs assumption/certification order is constitutional;

4. SOLEs assumption/certification order is plenary

5. Effect of Certification and Violation of Order

C. Slowdown as Concerted Activity
D. Picketing
1. Definition
2. Nature and Purpose of Picket Line
3. Picketing and Libel Laws
4. Curtailment
5. Regulation/Restrictions, Innocent Third Party Rule and Liabilities
6. Prohibited Activities Peaceful Picketing
E. Labor Injunction
1. Injunction prohibited
2. Exceptions
F. Role of Peace Officers During Strikes and Picketing
1. Escorting
2. Arrest and Detention of Law Violators

Part IX - EMPLOYER LOC

A. Basis, Limitation and Definition

B. Effect on Work Relationship

C. Ground

D. Prohibited Lock-out

E. Procedural Requirements
F. Effect of Illegal Lock-out

Part X - LABOR RELATIONS IN THE

A. Right to Organize
1. Basis
2. Activities

B. Officers and Employees with Right to Self-organization

C. Protection of Right

D. Registration

E. Accreditation as Negotiating Agent

1. Voluntary Recognition

2. Certification Election
3. Bargaining unit

4. Responsibility of Bargaining Agent

F. Collective Negotiation

1. Negotiable Issues
2. Non-Negotiable Issues
G. Concerted Activities
H. Public Sector Labor Management Council

Part XI: Labor Dispute Settlement Machinery

C.A.
A. Historical backdrop of the present labor dispute resolution No.
system 103
(193
6) &
C.A.
No.
213
(193
6);
R.A.
No.
875
(195
3);
Proc.
No.
1081
(197
2),
G.O.
No. 5
(197
2),
P.D.
442
(197
4) &
P.D.
No.
823
(197
5)
Sugg
B. Methods of resolving labor disputes ested
readi
ng:
Hans
Leo J.
Cacd
ac,
Tiers
of
Resol
ution
in
Philip
pine
Labor
Dispu
te
Settl
emen
t,
http:/
/ncm
b.ph/
News
/Artic
les/IL
ODIS
P.htm

a. the preferred free, voluntary and democratic methods

Kiok
a.i. collective bargaining
Loy
v.
NLR
C
141
SCRA
179
(198
6)
NCM
a.ii. grievance machinery B
Guid
eline
s,
Rule
II,
Secs.
1(g)
and
(h);
LC,
Arts.
273
&
267;
USAE
U-
FFW
v. CA,
G.R.
No.
1696
32,
Marc
h 28,
2006
;
Atlas
Farm
, Inc.
v.
NLRC
, G.R.
No.
1422
44,
Nove
mber
18,
2002
LC,
a.iii. conciliation and mediation Arts.
234;
261
(c),
(d),
(e);
E.O.
251,
Sec.
4; IR,
Book
V,
Rule
XXII,
Secs.
1&
9;
LC,
Arts.
263
(h)
and
221;
Nissa
n
Moto
rs
Phils.
Inc.
v.
SOLE
, 491
SCRA
607
(200
6);
Pent
agon
Steel
Corp
orati
on v.
CA,
G.R.
No.
1741
41,
June
26,
2009;
Tabig
ue v.
Inter
natio
nal
Copr
a
Expo
rt
Corp
orati
on
(INTE
RCO),
G.R.
No.
1833
35,
Dece
mber
23,
2009;
Supre
me
Court
Admi
nistra
tive
Circul
ar
No.
14-
93;
Mont
oya
v.
Esca
yo,
171
SCRA
442(
1989
)
Depa
a.iii.1. the Single Entry Approach (SEnA) to dispute rtme
settlement nt
Order
No.
107-
10;

Arnol
d de
Vera,
Fairer
,
Faste
r,
and
Chea
per A
Prop
osal
to
Enha
nce
the
Philip
pines

Labo
r
Disp
ute
Settl
eme
nt
Syste
m
(http:/
/www.
ibp.ph
/down
loads/
pdf/V
ol.31
_No.1
_200
5.pdf
)
LC,
a.iii.2. compromise agreement/waiver Art.
233;
Mind
oro
Lumb
er
and
Hard
ware
v.
Baca
y,
459
SCRA
714
(200
5);
Land
and
Housi
ng
Deve
lopm
ent
Corp.
v.
Esqui
llo,
G.R.
No.
1520
12,
Septe
mber
30,
2005
;
Ilaga
n v.
CA,
G.R.
No.
1620
89,
July
9,
2008
;
Hotel
Enter
prise
s of
the
Philip
pines
, Inc.
v.
Sam
ahan
ng
mga
Mang
gaga
wa
sa
Hyatt
-
Natio
nal
Unio
n of
Work
ers in
the
Hotel
and
Rest
aura
nt
and
Allied
Indus
tries
(SAM
ASAH
-
NUW
HRAI
N),
G.R.
No.
1657
56,
June
5,
2009
;
Aujer
o v.
Philc
omsa
t,
G.R.
No.
1934
84,
Janua
ry 18,
2012
NCM
a.iv. voluntary arbitration B,
Revis
ed
Proce
dural
Guid
eline
s in
the
Cond
uct of
Volun
tary
Arbitr
ation
Proce
eding
s
(200
5)

Sugg
ested
readi
ng:
Hans
Leo J.
Cacd
ac &
Teresi
ta E.
Aude
a,
The
State
of
Philip
pine
Volun
tary
Arbitr
ation,
http:/
/ncm
b.ph/
Publi
catio
ns/VA
/Artic
les/V
APap
er.pdf
Chun
a.iv.1. defined g Fu
Indus
tries
v. CA,
206
SCRA
545
(199
2);
Luzo
n
Deve
lopm
ent
Bank
v.
Asso
ciatio
n of
Deve
lopm
ent
Bank
Empl
oyee
s,
249
SCRA
162
(199
5);
Manil
a
Centr
al
Line
Corp.
v.
Manil
a
Centr
al
Line
Free
Work
ers
Unio
n,
290
SCRA
69
(199
8)
LC,
a.iv.2. enforcement and promotion of voluntary arbitration Art.
273;
EO
251,
Sec.
4
LC,
a.iv.3. arbitrable issues; jurisdiction of voluntary arbitrator Arts.
274-
275;
224(c
); Art.
124,
5th
par.;
R.A.
6971,
Secs.
4 (b)
and
9; LC,
Art.
263
(h);
Arell
ano
Univ
ersity
Empl
oyee
s and
Work
ers
Unio
n v.
CA,
G.R.
No.
1399
40,
Septe
mber
19,
2006;
SMFI
v.
SMC
EU-
PTG
WO,
G.R.
No.
1685
69,
Octo
ber
5,
2007;
Land
tex
Indus
tries
v. CA,
G.R.
No.
1502
78,
Augu
st 9,
2007;
Del
Mont
e
Phils.
Inc.
v.
Saldi
var,
504
SCRA
192
(200
6);
Sany
o
Phils.
Work
ers
Unio
n v.
Caniz
ares,
211
SCRA
361
(199
2)
LC,
a.iv.4. selection of voluntary arbitrator Arts.
219(
n)
and
273;
Manil
a
Centr
al
Line
Corp.
v.
Manil
a
Centr
al
Line
Free
Work
ers
Unio
n,
G.R.
Mo.
1093
83,
June
15,
1998
LC,
a.iv.5. nature of office and function of voluntary arbitrators Arts.
276,
273
&
219(
n);
Luzo
n
Deve
lopm
ent
Bank
v.
Assn.
of
Luzo
n
Deve
lopm
ent
Bank
Empl
oyee
s,
249
SCRA
162
(199
5);
Leyte
IV
Elect
ric
Coop
erati
ve,
Inc.
v.
Leyc
o IV
Empl
oyee
s
Assn.
, 537
SCRA
171
(200
7);
Nipp
on
Paint
Empl
oyee
s
Unio
n v.
CA,
443
SCRA
280
(200
4);
Unite
d
Kimb
erly-
Clark
Empl
oyee
s
Unio
n v.
Kimb
erly-
Clark
Phils.
, Inc.,
484
SCRA
187
(200
6)
Art.
a.iv.6. awards and orders 276;
Etern
it v.
De
Veyr
a,
189
SCRA
752
(199
0);
Ludo
and
Luym
Corp.
V.
Saor
dino,
395
SCRA
451
(200
3);
Unite
d
Kimb
erly-
Clark
Empl
oyee
s
Unio
n v.
Kimb
erly-
Clark
Phils.
, Inc.,
484
SCRA
187
(200
6);
Ocea
nic
Bic
Divisi
on
(FFW
) vs.
Rom
ero,
G.R.
No. L-
4389
0,
July
16,
1984
LC,
a.iv.7. finality and execution of award; appeal from and Art.
arbitral order/award 276;
Rule
43,
Rules
of
Court
;
Impe
rial
Textil
e
Mills,
Inc.
v.
Sam
pong
, 219
SCRA
651
(199
3);
Coca
-Cola
Bottl
ers
Phils.
, Inc.
Sales
Force
Unio
n v.
Coca
-
Cola,
464
SCRA
507
(200
5);
AMA
Com
puter
Colle
ge v.
Nacin
o,
544
SCRA
502
(200
8);
Luzo
n
Deve
lopm
ent
Bank
v.
Assn.
of
Luzo
n
Deve
lopm
ent
Bank
Empl
oyee
s,
249
SCRA
162
(199
5)
LC,
a.iv.8. Costs Art.
277

b. coercive methods: strikes and lock-outs

LC,
b.i. strikes Art.
219(o
); IR,
Book
V,
Rule
I,
Sec.
1(uu)
LC,
b.ii. lock-outs Arts.
278(
b), &
212(
p);
IR,
Book
V,
Rule
I,
Sec.
1(gg)
LC,
c. the labor dispute settlement machinery: Art.
218-
A (e)
LC,
c.i. The President and the Secretary of Labor and Employment Arts.
(SOLE): compulsory arbitration of labor disputes in 278(
industries indispensable to the national interest; g), &
procedure 219(
p);
IR,
Book
V,
Rule
I,
Sec.
1(gg)
;
Philtr
ead
Work
ers
Unio
n v.
Conf
esor,
G.R.
No
1171
69,
Marc
h 12,
1997;
Trans
-Asia
Shipp
ing
Lines
, Inc.-
Unlic
ense
d
Crew
s
Empl
oyee
s
Unio
n v.
CA,
G.R.
No.
1454
28,
July
7,
2004

Sugg
ested
readi
ngs:
Sena
te
Bill
No.
3210,
http:/
/sena
te.go
v.ph/l
is/bill
_res.
aspx?
congr
ess=
15&q
=SBN
-
3210;
Hous
e Bill
No.
1564,
http:/
/www
.cong
ress.
gov.p
h/do
wnlo
ad/co
mms
_relat
ed_1
5/hb0
1564.
pdf;
Positi
on
Pape
r
of_th
e
Empl
oyers
Conf
eder
ation
of
the
philip
pines
(ECO
p) on
Sena
te
Bill
No.
532
(Limi
ting
the
Powe
r of
Assu
mpti
on or
Certi
ficati
on of
Labo
r
Disp
utes),
http:/
/www
.ecop
.org.p
h/adv
ocacy
/polic
y/Ess
ential
%20S
ervic
es.pd
f;
New
Labo
r
secre
tary
told:
Hand
s off
on
assu
mpti
on of
jurisd
iction
,
http:/
/www
.kilus
angm
ayou
no.
org/
news
/2010
/07/n
ew-
labor-
secre
tary-
told-
hand
s-
assu
mptio
n-
jurisd
iction
Imple
c.ii. The SOLE: appellate jurisdiction in appeals -- from denial of menti
application for registration of federations, etc.; from ng
decisions in petitions for certification elections; from Rules
decisions in inter- and intra- federation disputes and other (IR),
related disputes; from labor inspection orders issued by the Book
Regional Director; from decisions of Philippine Overseas V,
Employment Administration (POEA) in disciplinary action Rule
cases. IV,
Sec.
6;
Rule
VIII,
Sec.
17;
Rule
XI,
Sec.
16;
Abbo
tt
Labo
ratori
es
Phils.
, Inc.
v.
Abbo
tt
Labo
ratori
es
Empl
oyee
s
Unio
n,
G.R.
No.1
3137
4,
Janua
ry
26,
2000
;
LC,
Art.
128
(b),
2003
POEA
Rules
and
Regul
ation
s,
Rule
V,
Part
VII,
Sec.
1.
LC,
c.iii. The Bureau of Labor Relations (BLR): registration of Art.
federations, etc.; inter- and intra- federation disputes and 232;
other related disputes; IR,
Book
V,
Rule
III,
Sec.
1;
Rule
XI,
Sec.
5

Rule
c.iv. The BLR: appellate jurisdiction in appeals from denial of IV,
application for union registration; from decisions in inter- Sec.
and intra- union disputes and other related disputes 6;
Rule
XI,
Sec.1
6
LC,
c.v. The Med-Arbiters: representation disputes; applications for Arts.
union registration and intra- union disputes and other 268
related disputes, except cancellation of union registration &
and deregistration of collective bargaining agreements 269;
Art.
232;
IR,
Book
V,
Rule
I,
Sec.
1(dd)
; Rule
III,
Sec.
1;
Rule
VIII,
Sec.
2;
M.Y.
San
Biscu
its,
Inc.
v.
Lagu
esma
, G.R.
No.
9501
1,
April
22,
1991;
IR,
Book
V,
Rule
XI,
Sec.
5
LC,
c.vi. The Regional Directors: labor standard disputes discovered Arts.
in the course of labor inspection, and simple money claims; 128
and
129
LC,
c.vii. The National Labor Relations Commission (NLRC): Appellate Art.
jurisdiction over all cases decided by labor arbiters, and 220;
over simple money claims decided by the Regional Director; LC,
Art.
224
(b);
Art.
129,
par.
2;
2011
NLRC
Rules
of
Proce
dure,
Rule
III,
Secs.
VI
and
VII;
Tan
v.
Timb
al,
G.R.
No.
1419
26,
July
14,
2004;
Sy v.
ALC
Indus
tries
, Inc.,
G.R.
No.
1683
39,
Octo
ber
10,
2008;
Sasa
n v.
NLRC
, G.R.
No.
1762
40,
Octo
ber
17,
2008;
Philu
x v.
NLRC
, G.R.
1518
54,
Septe
mber
3,
2008;
Garci
a v.
KJ
Com
merc
ial,
G.R.
No.
1968
30,
Febru
ary
29,
2012

Sugg
ested
readi
ng:
the
2011
Annu
al
Repo
rt of
the
NLRC
,
http:/
/nlrc.
dole.
gov.p
h/?
q=no
de/10
5
2011
c.viii. The NLRC: original jurisdiction over petition for NLRC
extraordinary remedies (i.e., to annul labor arbiters order or Rules
resolution) of
Proce
dure,
Rule
XII
LC,
c.ix. The NLRC: original jurisdiction over certified labor disputes Art.
affecting industries indispensable to the national interests, 278(
and injunction cases g);
2011
NLRC
Rules
of
Proce
dure,
Rule
III,
Sec.
VIII;
LC,
Arts.
254;
Arts.
218(e
)&
264;
2011
NLRC
Rules
of
Proce
dure,
Rule
III,
Sec.
X;
Sam
ahan
g
Mang
gaga
wa
sa
Sulpi
cio
Lines
, Inc.-
NAFL
U v.
Sulpi
cio
Lines
, Inc.,
426
SCRA
319
(200
4);
Nestl
e
Phils.
, Inc.
v.
NLRC
, G.R.
No.
8519
7,
Marc
h 18,
1991;
PAL
v.
NLRC
, G.R.
No.
1205
67,
Marc
h 20,
1998
LC,
c.x. Other powers of the NLRC, e.g., rule-making and contempt) Art.
225;
2011
NLRC
Rules
of
Proce
dure,
Rule
III,
Sec.
IX

LC,
c.xi. The Labor Arbiters: original and exclusive jurisdiction; Art.
224
(a);
Art.
124,
par.
5;
R.A.
8042,
Sec.
10;
San
Migu
el
Corp
orati
on v.
NLRC
, 255
SCRA
133
(199
6);
Natio
nal
Unio
n of
Bank
Empl
oyee
s v.
Lazar
o,
157
SCRA
125
(198
8);
Ores
hoot
Minin
g Co.
v.
Arell
ano,
156
SCRA
428
(198
7);
Rodri
guez,
Jr. v.
Aguil
ar,
Sr.,
468
SCRA
373
(200
5);
Natio
nal
Fede
ratio
n of
Labo
r v.
Eism
a,
127
SCRA
419(
1984
)
LC,
c.xii. Exceptions to jurisdiction of labor arbiters Art.
278
(g);
Arts.
224

and
274;
Arts.
224
(a)
(6)
and1
29;
R.A
6971,
Sec.
9; LC,
Art.
288,
par.
3;
Okol
v.
Slim
mers
Worl
d
Inter
natio
nal,
G.R.
No.
1601
46,
Dece
mber
11,
2009;
San
Migu
el
Corp.
v.
NLRC
, G.R.
No.
8077
4
May
31,
1988
LC,
c.xiii. Proceedings before a labor arbiter Arts.
227,
228,
and
229;
2011
NLRC
Rules
of
Proce
dure,
Rule
V;
West
mont
Phar
mace
utical
s,
Inc.
v.
Sam
anieg
o,
G.R.
Nos.
1466
53-
54,
Febru
ary
20,
2006;
Orien
tal
Ship
man
age
ment
Co.,
Inc.
v.
Basto
l,
G.R.
No.
1862
89,
June
30,
2010
Quija
no v.
Barto
labac
, 480
SCRA
204
(200
6)
Omni
c.xiv. POEA: administrative disciplinary cases bus
Rules
and
Regul
ation
s
Imple
menti
ng
R.A.
No
8042,
Sec.
28
Rules
d. The Court of Appeals (CA): appeals from awards/orders of of
voluntary arbitrators Court
(RC),
Rule
43;
Luzo
n
Deve
lopm
ent
Bank
v.
Asso
ciatio
n of
Deve
lopm
ent
Bank
Empl
oyee
s,
249
SCRA
162
(199
5)
RC,
e. The CA: petitions for certiorari to annul judgment of the SOLE, Rule
NLRC, and the BLR 65;
St.
Marti
ns
Fune
ral
Hom
es v.
NLRC
, 295
SCRA
494
(199
8);
Philip
pine
Natio
nal
Bank
v.
Velas
co,
G.R.
1660
96,
Septe
mber
11,
2008;

Sugg
ested
readi
ng:
Solo
V.
Tibe,
Exem
ption
on
Dock
et
Fees
for
Selec
ted
Labor
Case
s on
Certi
orari
and
Appe
al,
IBP
Journ
al,
Vol.
34
No.
2,
http:/
/www
.ibp.p
h/do
wnlo
ads/p
df/Vol
.34_N
o.2_2
009.p
df
Tiraz
e.i. Not proper when appeal is available ona
v. CA,
G.R.
No.
1697
12,
Marc
h 14,
2008;
Madri
aga
v. CA,
463
SCRA
298
(200
5)
Sim
e.ii. motion for reconsideration as a precondition v.
NLRC
, G.R.
No.
1573
76,
Octo
ber
2,
2007;
Mand
aue
Ding
how
Dims
um
Hous
e v.
NLRC
, G.R.
No.
1611
34,
Marc
h 3,
2008;
Chris
Garm
ents
Corp
orati
on v.
Sto.
Toma
s,
G.R.
No.
1674
26,
Janua
ry 12,
2009
Lagu
e.iii. period na
Metts
Corp
orati
on v.
Caala
m,
G.R.
No.
1852
20,
July
27,
2009
Anon
e.iv. errors of fact or law, not correctable via certiorari. as
Cons
tructi
on
and
Indus
trial
Suppl
y
Corp
orati
on v.
NLRC
, G.R.
No.
1640
52,
Octo
ber
17,
2008;
Maral
it v.
PNB,
G.R.
No.
1637
88,
Augu
st 24,
2009
Remi
e.v. pendency of petition does not interrupt main case ngto
n
Indus
trial
Sales
Corp
orati
on v.
Cast
aned
a,
G.R.
No.
1692
95,
Nove
mber
20,
2006
RC,
f. The Supreme Court: appeal by certiorari from judgment of the Rule
CA 45;
Hanji
n
Heav
y
Indus
tries
and
Cons
tructi
on
Com
pany
Ltd.
(form
erly
Hanji
n
Engin
eerin
g
and
Cons
tructi
on
Co.
Ltd.)
v.
Court
of
Appe
als,
G.R.
No.
1679
38,
Febru
ary
19,
2009
Gene
f.i. Only questions of law, not of fact, may be raised ral
Sant
os
Coca
-Cola
Plant
Free
Work
ers
Unio
n-
TUPA
S v.
Coca
-Cola
Bottl
ers
Phils.
, Inc.
(Gen
eral
Sant
os
City),
G.R.
No.
1786
47,
Febru
ary
13,
2009;
Yoko
ham
a
Tire
Philip
pines
, Inc.
v.
Yoko
ham
a
Empl
oyee
s
Unio
n,
G.R.
No.
1635
32,
Marc
h 10,
2010;
Cosm
os
Bottli
ng
Corp
orati
on v.
Nagr
ama,
G.R.
No.
1644
03,
Marc
h 4,
2008

g. Prescription of Actions
LC,
g.i. Money claims Art.
306
Calla
g.ii. Illegal dismissal nta v.
Carn
ation
Philip
pines
, G.R.
Mo.
7061
5,
Octo
ber
28,
1986
LC,
g.iii. Unfair labor practice Art.
305
LC,
g.iv. Other offenses penalized by the LC and IRs Art.
305