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12 Bolted Connections

The document discusses different types of bolted connections including bearing and slip critical connections. It covers bolt material grades, hole sizes, bolt shear and bearing capacities, and additional failures like shear bolt and bearing failure. Examples on bolt capacity calculations and bolted connection design are also provided.

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Jason Guzman
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152 views

12 Bolted Connections

The document discusses different types of bolted connections including bearing and slip critical connections. It covers bolt material grades, hole sizes, bolt shear and bearing capacities, and additional failures like shear bolt and bearing failure. Examples on bolt capacity calculations and bolted connection design are also provided.

Uploaded by

Jason Guzman
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as DOC, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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BOLTED CONNECTIONS

Types of Bolts:
a. Connection
Bearing type connection (Sliding will occur)
head
T

T
nut
threads

head
Failure
shear plane

T
stem

Allowed only for members with forces in one


direction only

Threads Threads
included excluded
N
X

Slip critical connection (Friction type connection) F


o For members whose forces can reverse in direction (e.g. supports of
moving live loads)
o Sliding is prevented

b. Material (p. 5-39)

A-307 ordinary

A-325

A-490

high strength

HOLE SIZE
washer

Standard
hole

Oversized
hole

Short
slotted

Long
slotted

Bolt diameter = 12 mm
0

Standard

Oversized

14

Short slotted

Long slotted

16
17

A-325- N
A-325-X
A-325-F

17

Fv 145 MPa
Fv 207 MPa

Fv 117 MPa (Standard)

transverse

103 MPa (Oversized)


103 MPa (SSL)
82.7 MPa (LSL - T)
68.9 MPa (LSL - L)

longitudinal

Lup Splice
Additional Failures:
Shear bolt failure (Allowable stress, Table 510-7)
Bearing failure of plate (Allowable bearing stress, Fp)
Fp Art. 510.4.7
1.2Fu
1.0Fu

Le=

edge
dist.

c-c
spcg

L e Fu
1.2Fu
2d b

>3db

Shear single shear


double shear (or multiple)
T
T

2 shear planes

4 shear planes
T

T
T

2
2

Shear Failure

Bearing Failure

A v Shear area

Pp

Pv

A p Bearing area d b t
db

Sample 1:
Determine the maximum force that the splice connection below can carry.
19, A-490-X bolts
PL 12 mm, A-36 steel
T
T
Path 2
70
T

80

80
Path 1

40

70

40

a. Yielding failure

T 0.6Fy A g 0.6 24812 300 10 3 535.68 kN

b. Fracture failure
Path 1: Net width = 300 2 22.2 255.60 mm

40 2
243.40 mm (governs!)
4 80

Path 2: Net width = 300 3 22.2 2

T 0.5Fu A e 0.5 400 243.4 12 10 3 584.16 kN

c. Single bolt capacity


1. Shear

Fv 276 MPa
Fbolt Fv A v 276

2. Bearing

19 2 10 3 78.254 kN (governs!)
4

3m

3m

3m

3m

Fbolt Fp A p 1.2Fu td b 1.2 400 12 19 10 3 109.44 kN

T 78.254 5 bolts 391.27 kN


T 391.27 kN

Sample 2:

4m
A

2
500 kN

Joint A

Gusset plate
W12 87
W12 53
T

Design the connection using A-50 steel and A-325 F bolts.


Compression member
C = 312.5 kN

W12 87 : b f 307.98 mm; t f 20.57 mm

Assume gusset plate t = 28 mm.


Bolt capacity
Use 22 mm bolts std. holes
1. Shear
Fv 117 MPa
Fbolt 117

22 2 10 3 44.476 kN
4

2. Bearing

Fbolt Fp A p 1.2Fu td b 1.2 248 20.57 22 10 3 243.29 kN

n=

C
312.5

7.03 bolts
Fbolt
44.476

Use 8 bolts, 2 bolts

2 rows

2 flanges

Tension member
T = 187.5 kN
W12 53: b f 253.87 mm; t f 14.61 mm
a. Shear

Fv 117 MPa
Fbolts 117

22 2 10 3 44.473 kN
4

b. Bearing

Fbolts 1.2 44814.61 22 10 3 172.80 kN


187.5
n
4.2158 bolts
44.476
Use 8 bolts

Combined Stresses
Tension and shear
Initial bolt tension
Turn of the nut method
- from snug-fit
- additional turns from the AISC table
bolt diameter
bolt length
bolt type (A-325, A-490)

12 mm A-36

T
P
V

510.3 Welds
510.4 Bolts
510.4.5 Bearing type Ft (Table 510-8)

fA
510.4.6 Slip critical Fv = Fv 1 t b
Tb

Fv (Table 510-7)
T
ft 1
Ab

If P = 800 kN, determine the number of 25 mm , A-325 X bolts.


T = 640 kN
V = 480 kN
Assume n = 4(2) = 8 bolts
(n = 6 bolts)
Ft

3032 2.15f v2

f v actual shear stress

V
480 103 N

122.23 MPa(162.97 MPa)


A b 8 25 2 mm 2
4

Ft 244.31 MPa(186.29 MPa)


ft

640 103
162.97 MPa Ft (Ok!)

2
8 25
4
(217.29 MPa Ft Fail )

Use 25 mm , A-490 F bolts (Oversized)


Try n = 12 bolts (n = 10 bolts)
T = 640 kN, V = 480 kN
Fv = 124 MPa
f t actual tensile stress

T
640 103

108.65 MPa
nA b 12 25 2
4

Tb bolt pretension (Table 510 12)


284 kN

T
Fv ' Fv 1 1
Tb

fv

T
Fv 1
nTb

640
124 1
100.71 MPa (96.056 MPa)
12 284

480 10 3
81.487 MPa Fv (OK!)

2
12 25
4

(97.785 MPa > Fv [Fail])


w = 80

Coped beam

Clip angles
Stringer

Girder

L = 10 m

Block Shear Failure


V

19 mm
A-325X

Block

5
Double shear

wL
400 kN
2
Double shear

Based on shear
nFbolt = nA b 2Fv

19 2 n 2 207 10 3
4
n 3.4 say 4 bolts
400

(70)
70

200
(65)
25

Av
30 (40) > 1.5db

A-50

60 (70) > 3db


60 (70)
60 (70)

L 1001006
(L 1251256)

30(40)

22.2
A
2
A v 30
3 60t 22.2 6 793.8 mm
2

22.2

2
A t 25
6 83.4 mm
2

Cap 0.3Fu A v 0.5Fu A t

0.3 448 793.8 0.5 448 83.4 10 3


125.37 kN 200 (Fail!)

22.2
2
A v 40
3 70 22.2 6 1033.8 mm
2

22.2

2
A t 65
6 323.4 mm
2

Cap 0.3Fu A v 0.5Fu A t

0.3 4481033.8 0.5 448 323.4 10 3


211 kN 200 (OK!)

Hangers
30
178.82

9 bolts

9 bolts

19 mm A-325N

WT 1231

P = 500 kN

Prying
bf
N

M 0
P

X1 X2

X1 X 2 TXP2

178.82
30 59.41 mm
2
X 2 30 mm
X1

178.82
P(X1 X 2 ) 500
2 745.16 kN

2X 2
2 30

Ft 303 MPa
Fbolt Ft A b
745.16 103
n
8.67 bolts 2

2
303 19
4
Use n 9 bolts 2
Eccentric Bolted Connections
350
70

70

P
T=P

P = 100 kN

A-325X

P
Bracket
critical

Tp

J
J

fy '

fb
2

dA 2 A b

Ab

fb

Ab r2
b

"

fby f

"

Py

ey

fy

P
h

h
h
f

by
Tr
r 2
b
Ty
cos

fb

Px

fb

fb

critical

Py

f
r

Tx
r

sin bx

center of rotation

fbx

fx

P
y
x e

'

'

"

"

Px
n
Py

n
Ty

Tx

ex
T

' f
' f
2
x

x
y

"
"

2
y

n 4 bolts

critical

2 70 70 4 75

J r 2 x 2 y2
2

75

42100 mm 2
Px 0, Py 100 kN

75

T Pe 100 350 35000 kN m

70

70

fx ' 0
100
25 kN
4
35000 75
fx"
62.352 kN
42100
35000 70
fy"
58.195 kN
42100
fy '

bolt

62.352

f
Ab

Fv ; Fv

Req' d A b

Req' d d b

f
Fv

25

58.195

103.97

207 kN

103.97 10 3
207

502.27 mm

4
502.27 25.29 mm

Use 28 mm bolts

Quiz # 5

Check the bolts at joint A and B.

5.37
4.23
AC
BC 0
6.2873
4.3608
3.27
1.06
AC
BC 200
6.2873
4.3608
AC 272.43 kN T
BC 239.88 kN C

Joint A:

2
nA b 6 12 678.58 mm 2
4
232.68 103
5.37
T 272.43
342.89 MPa
232.68 kN f t
678.58
6.2873
141.69 10 3
3.27
V 272.43

141.69
kN

208.80 MPa

v
678.58
6.2873

fA
Fv ' Fv 1 t b
Tb

342.89

117 1
0 fail!
53.3

Joint B:

10


2
nA b 4 16 804.25 mm 2
4

1.06
V 239.88
58.309 kN
4.3608
58.309 103
72.501 MPa
804.25
Fv 193MPa f v safe!

fv

58.309 103
52.755 MPa
416 17.27
Fp 1.2Fu 1.2 400 480 MPa f p safe!

fp

11

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