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Shaft Design Guide

1. Choose a material like steel or alloy steel for the shaft based on properties like strength, cost and toughness. 2. Determine the yield strength (Sy) and ultimate strength (Su) of the material from tables and calculate the endurance limit (Se'). 3. Calculate the stresses and reactions from static load analysis, then use equations to get an approximate diameter for the shaft. Iterate the design using fatigue analysis.

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Dr_M_Soliman
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1K views

Shaft Design Guide

1. Choose a material like steel or alloy steel for the shaft based on properties like strength, cost and toughness. 2. Determine the yield strength (Sy) and ultimate strength (Su) of the material from tables and calculate the endurance limit (Se'). 3. Calculate the stresses and reactions from static load analysis, then use equations to get an approximate diameter for the shaft. Iterate the design using fatigue analysis.

Uploaded by

Dr_M_Soliman
Copyright
© Attribution Non-Commercial (BY-NC)
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Shaft Design

1. Choose material – usually steel from Tables A-20 and


21 on pages 994-995.

E.g 1020 – mild steel – low cost – very ductile and


tough, low strength

1030-1045 – carbon steel. Can be heat-treated to


various strengths.

4xxx – high strength, tough alloy steels. Expensive.

2. Get Su and Sy from table and get Se’ = 0.504 Su.

3. Statics – get reactions. Get torque and bending


moment at all critical locations.

4. Get σx = Mc/I and τxy = Tr/J ( I/c = πd3/32 and


J/r = πd3/16).

5. Get approximate diameter by using σ’ = Sy/[(4*n)]


(static design). (‘n’ is actual factor of safety)

σ1, σ2 = σx/2 ± [ (σx/2)2 + (τxy)2 ]0.5


σ’ = [ σ12 - σ1σ2 + σ22]0.5

These equations will have d3 in the denominator


as a common factor. Solve for d but note that
this is just a temporary and approximate
solution.
Shaft Design
6. Now do final fatigue design

7. Get values for the Marin equation:


Surface finish ka = aSub
(a, b on page 329, Table 7-4).

Size factor kb from Eq. 7-19 on page 329


(e.g. kb = 1.24d-0.107, with d in mm for
2.79<d<51 mm)

In most cases use kc = kd = 1.

Reliability factor kf from table 7-7 p. 334:

Reliability kf

90% 0.897
95% 0.868
99% 0.814
99.9% 0.753
99.99% 0.702

8. Stress concentration factor:


Get kt from Tables A-15-nnn. You will have to
choose some size ratios needed in these tables.

Get q from Figure 7-20 on page 336.


Get kf = 1 + q(kt – 1)
Apply this to σxa only: σxa = kfσx
Shaft Design

9. von Mises stresses: σa’ = σxa = kf σx


σm’ = 1.732τxym

giving σa’/ σm’ = Sa/Sm (a numeric value).

10. Goodman:

Sm = Se / [ (σa’/ σm’) + (Se/Su)]

10. Design equation: σm’ = Sm/n and solve this for


your final diameter d.

11. Go back and check whether the resulting changes in


your values of ka, kt, q and kf are significant.

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